"The museum conservators ..." In memory of Sava Yamschikova
«The museum conservators ..." In memory of Sava Yamschikova
October 5, 2011 Number 40 (933) Zavtra.ru
About Yamschikova Sawa, how to work with him and life is like without him, the exhibitions in the house on the street tell Burdenko Honored Cultural Worker of Russia, the artist and restorer, Department Head, Nina Zaitseva, an artist and restorer, Vitaly KUZYUBERDIN highest category, Art critic Martha Yamschikova.
"Tomorrow." Propaganda Department of the Institute of Artistic Heritage Restoration in June celebrated its thirtieth anniversary. How did the idea of its creation, to begin work?
Vitali Kuzyuberdin. The idea belonged to Savely Yamschikova and Sergei Galushkin. In the seventies, newspapers were full of materials about the discoveries of the museum relics. And then - the restoration! It was amazing. Yefim Chestnyakov same: some cloth - and suddenly the picture is. And when was loud exhibition of ancient art at the Kuznetsk bridge - turn it on along the whole street was.
Preparation of such an event - this correspondence with museums, photos, and lists of works, contracts, permits, approvals. A huge amount of work, not every organization under the force - and the topic was relevant. It is on this wave, and the idea of establishing the department of exhibitions. This is still unofficial, the working title of our department.
On Yamschikova and Golushkin he held, as the pillars. Take one - and the department will not be. Golushkin went on a business trip, he found something interesting - and the driver with his submission "unraveled" find. Savely has been a tremendous organizational skills, great personal charm: a man sees his first time in a couple of minutes - all these are best friends! He was then a member of the art-section of the Union of Artists, the studio was in Vsevolozhsk Lane, "bunker" it was called. And there was only one - of tsekovskih bosses to cast. These his contacts - friends, friends, communicating with them - helped in their work. Everything is created and - preparing the exhibition, made directories: Yamschikova had to do was bring people.
"Tomorrow." Why the Institute of restoration? It's at that time not only was the organization of restoration - to take the same center Grabar: with coachmen and Galushkin also interacted. The department has and employees who have come from "Grabar" ...
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VK to the Institute of restoration they have always had a special relationship - I wanted to combine the scientific basis of the Institute and our practical. Because there is production and also because the All-Union Central Scientific Research Laboratory of conservation and restoration of museum and art treasures (VTSNILKR), as originally called the Institute of restoration - it's more solid and more opportunities for work. Grabar Center - is also a major restoration firm, even after last year's fire, he lost his status - but it was more difficult to preserve the "sovereignty" department.
The first year of the institute was registered Yamschikov the department of information and Galushkin in the department of oil painting restoration, restoration under the master of oil painting by Alexander Alexandrovich Zaitsev. And yet the essence of it so - was organizing work, people were recruited to the department of exhibitions.
Nina Zaitseva. Division was created as a division of the Institute of Restoration, but with a high degree of autonomy. It was very important to its founders.
It should be noted that the Institute of Savva Vasilievich included restoration is difficult, but always supported, understood.
When preparing for the big five-year report, which, as on the scales, weighed the scientific and research institutions - what they are, close them or leave - management asked us to submit a list of all the works Yamschikova. All of his books, although they do not research.
VK Works Savely Yamschikova - is indirect advertising of the Institute of Restoration, the popularization of its activities. What would people know about the institute, if not Yamschikov? When created department, no one really knew who the conservators - and Savely this profession has made an interesting and popular.
NC You can say, hand on heart, that in the museum world and in art galleries such restoration departments: with such tasks as in the propaganda department - no. Of course, all are aiming to show the cultural heritage, to preserve it - but our department there was such a wonderful voice, what was Yamschikov Sawa - and this gave him special status. He read out the matter of restoration, gave it a high value - and this is its great merit. Assembled a unique team and is very thin, energetic, strong and soft at the same time, presided. Very smoothly working team - and were so important exhibition at the biggest venues in Moscow and St. Petersburg. Total department opened a few years of its existence, some 200 exhibits.
VK. And the pictures were taken abroad Chestnyakova, portraits of Gregory Ostrovsky. In Italy - in October, in a small town on the coast - there were huge queues outside. The population of the town is small, and all - as in his time with us at the Glazunov in the Arena!
NC. We were doing eight to ten exhibitions per year - not just a monumental restoration exposure with the discoveries of the Soviet restorers, finds the provincial museums, and art exhibitions of contemporary artists in Moscow and the provinces, where few people know. Last year, for example, in our room were the works of Igor Yakovlevich Sokolov - artist, restorer, teacher of the Academy of Fine Arts. He 50s to 80s, wrote to Moscow - center courtyard Athos, cinema "Illusion". And then, in our time, walked around with a camera on these sites. And we put a heavy heart and photographs, and paintings - because we see how things have changed beyond recognition, as the old Moscow disappears. We always hurt Savva Vasilievich about soul. It hurts and we have.
"Tomorrow." Your home - home Palibino - you can not defend. And as all this wooden mansion early nineteenth century, went to department?
VK. Yamschikova Galushkin and given a choice of seven "points" "- and they chose the house Palibino. This house had an advantage - he was evicted. His first gave the Ministry of meat and dairy industry, they wanted to do a tasting room, billiard room in the basement had planned - and then discovered that this is an architectural monument. The idea of a tasting room has failed. House gave the Ministry of Culture - and it has allocated funds for the restoration of the mansion. Already having in mind that it will promote the artistic heritage department.
Martha Yamschikova. Savva Vasilievich very comfortable feeling in the house Palibino. And guests have always taken it with joy. "I have a house in the Burdenko exhibition opens" - so people invited to another event.
Therefore, in this house so many different people over. And they liked it a unique place in the center of Moscow - a wooden manor mid-nineteenth century with a small garden ...
NC to us in Museum Day comes a lot of visitors, to see himself a mansion.
Here, home-like atmosphere. Residential house yet - it puts a special mark on our work. We are not here just work and live in the house serve: Sawa allocated their own money - to repair the hall and room, we Vitali for their set in order the other ... The Institute assists lately - given the chairs, we can conduct lectures. The roof was cleaned, primed joints.
VK. We had an exhibition - the furniture of the Historical Museum placed around the halls, and said the institute - as it looks good here at home! In the CHA, in these huge cubicle - all this would be lost ...
"Tomorrow." From the Historical Museum collaborate on an ongoing basis?
VK. Now the museums are generally very difficult to work with, almost impossible. We would be happy for the anniversary of 1812 would have picked up the picture for the restoration, would make next year's exhibition, but also cut off the possibility of the Historical Museum, and we can not.
NC. There is another interesting project - and also financial problems: a century of World War II. Dark period in history, with pitfalls, it is very dramatic.
VK. After all, it was much more complicated and interesting to study than was presented according to Soviet propaganda. We had an exhibition dedicated to Port Arthur, and for me it was a shock, a historic bed was buried - the darkness of movie you can do it!
NC. In this exhibition, was the booth with photos of participants in the battle for Port Arthur, freed him in 1945, and the 1950-1953 Korean War. These pictures were found in the chapel at Port Arthur cemetery - apparently for the monuments were prepared. And our conservators have done a wonderful montage of them. Stunning faces already gone ...
In the Historical Museum has a collection dedicated to 1914 - the portraits of Russian soldiers and officers who fought in those years. And also - people who now can not be found. They differ in some special nobility - a soldier is worthy and interesting than the people who now find us on the streets every day.
All considered, discussed the wanted to show to beat the historical themes - the Historical Museum staff would be pleased if we took on the restoration and exhibition of these items - but again all about money.
"Tomorrow." And who should pay whom?
NC. Historical Museum of the Institute should pay for the restoration of the contract - even though they have a restoration department, but the funds are huge, they can not cope with such volumes. And we have traditionally cooperated with them.
VK A lot of money spent on insurance, which is now considered mandatory. It could be something cut out for restoration - but the insurance to pay is unreal. We usually picture a year refurbishing, then half a year she exhibited. At the half year we have the picture freezes - and how to pay? Insurance a "drip" every day! As a result, the museum can give their exhibits at the most - for a week.
"Tomorrow." Why is that, in the roots of the problem?
NC. The problems with government funding, administrative problems the plan, about this and our Minister of Culture said. The culture in Western countries is allocated 3%. And we in the Soviet period was 1.5%- and now less than 0.7%. This is a calamity for culture. Should at least keep it at current levels - but it seems that priorities are different now.
From us, of course, depends very little, we just restorers, practice - but Savva Vasilievich would put it firmly on this issue.
"Tomorrow." In museums, restoration shops continue to work these zealots. Their efforts probably only manage to maintain the "status quo" in this situation. Your department - at the forefront of the struggle to preserve cultural values. Who works in the house on the street Burdenko, on whom rests the work of the department? What is its structure?
NC. Savva Vasilievich wrote at the time an article about our department, called it "The Department of gratitude and love" - he listed it in all those who worked with him, thanked everyone. This sense of him and life was typical: thanks to God, family, people who worked with him ...
In the department of two divisions - a sector of the restoration of exhibitions and direct advocacy, has a small showroom. For example, the planned exhibition - and at this particular exhibition here at the department of being restored.
VK The Administrative of dragging yourself to Nina Zaitseva - versed in the new contracts, estimates.
NC. I left at the time of the museum of Leo Tolstoy, to engage in the restoration - as a result of sitting with the papers. Previously, she worked part-time, time to restore much more than now ...
VK. Ludmila Chernyakhovskaya worked for us, the wife of the chief editor of publishing house "Soviet Artist" Mark Chernyakhovskogo - and through it all our publishers were printing. And Mila went on errands responsible - to the Ministry of exhibition halls, a plant Vuchetich. If it were not for her charm, our show would be prepared for longer - even to make boxes for pictures, it was necessary to defend the place ...
Another employee of the department - Olga Adamishina. At one time, Olga lived in the UK, has established good relations with the Russian foreign countries and organized a "Save the Russian art." It still makes each year at our Burdenko exhibition of young artists, graduates of art schools.
Elena Vasyutinskii - Researcher, generator of ideas, our art criticism superprofi - made a series of exhibitions, including the Russian art of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and Soviet toys 20s - 50s of the twentieth century, child portrait of the eighteenth century - the beginning of the twentieth century. Recently released a great album catalog on Art Market, held in Central House of Artists - "Two Centuries of Russian childhood."
Natalia Barvinskaya, researcher, art historian, is preparing a wonderful restoration of exposure, exhibition of paintings by contemporary authors and collectors. The works of Galina Erhovoy, the restorer of the highest category, restored many paintings that have passed through our department. Fedin Galina came to the department from the center of Grabar - is already talking about her as a restorer of high class. Alexander Bykov - book schedule, wearing invitations, layouts directory. Alla Swat Svetlana Gorbachev, Olga Mirimanova consists of articles, books, catalogs.
NC Vitali Kuzyuberdin in the department - from the very beginning. If the professionals say that with some work one can not cope - customers from museums, from restoration organizations sent to him: "Vitali will make!" He saves the most complex, "missing" things. Without resorting to any methods, nor to any instructions, see the product in layers with their own eyes rather than a microscope - is a suitable solution.
VK. I came into office when I was twenty-six years, that is, the whole adult life working here. In our home - home furnishings with all the troubles, problems. But Savva Vasilievich had a terrific ability razrulivat problematic situations. Administration can not touch, but if something needed to take, make - call, arranged. Even after his illness when Sawa was a journalist, he did very much - just this activity has got other forms. Where a few years could have been spent because of bureaucratic red tape, appeared Yamschikov, excoriate government officials, pounded his fist - and the problem was solved. He struggled, butting - and what he is worth it!
NC have recently appeared in our department and the young restorers - graduates of the Faculty of Stroganov and restoration of St. Tikhon's University. Good guys, work with enthusiasm - an atmosphere imbued with the department.
VK They still remember the Sava. After Savelki, of course, was sad and boring ...
NC He was a man festival - came along, loudly yelling, disposed of, sat down, all have something to him - and once such a spiritual uplift of all. Youth with him was very interesting.
"Tomorrow." Savva Vasilievich "served in Russia" - in Moscow, he spent three or four months a year, at other times - Pskov, Kostroma, Suzdal, Yaroslavl, Athos, Italy. That saved the Kizhi, then defended Pushkinogorsky Reserve. In its submission was upset donation of Germany Bremen collection. These battles in the history and culture of our country - constant traveling, working late into the night - the impact on home life?
NC. Each day when leaving home, made out "follow-up call." Knew we were up late late, asked: "How are you?"
MY He was not a house person. Only slept at home - his life was at work. Especially lately ... house for him - this is where you can throw the bones on a bed, rest, and then again to run somewhere.
"Tomorrow." He tried to carry away, drawn into the work of?
M.YA. He was not a man - he could only suggest something. He had this attitude: you should choose what you want that much. Totally distanced himself in the matter of choice.
But we were on the same wavelength, so that I had lived his life. When the next person who lives here is an interesting, deep - does not stay on the sidelines. He always shared, I was aware of all the twists and turns. Herself lived this life - for me, these people, the events were very close.
NC Martha, do you remember you told me when we celebrated our anniversary, what if the father took you with me to the department on June 1, you did not associate it with a sort of holiday, in addition to his birthday ? .. On this day the house was always Palibino a double celebration - the birthday of the birthday of Martha. The department always remember it, prepare it for any gift. And then Savva Vasilievich ill, and after his illness has not been such a ...
The first time we celebrate this day after a long break. Thirty years of department ... During this time he got a special atmosphere, created their colorful traditions. For example, we keep in touch with the provincial museums. The local collection of mostly little known, unknown. Now we have to work Egoryevsky Museum and Museum of Solnechnogorsk "road palace." In Solnechnogorsk - a magnificent collection of Soviet art of the twentieth century, the 50-60s. Sixteen years ago, a collection of more than 90 paintings by various artists, and Soviet classics and lesser-known - Terpsichore, Nikonov, Volodin, Sergeev, a large number of names can be listed - was transferred from a rural folk museum in the collection of museum and exhibition center "Trip Palace ' . We entered into an agreement by the center: a three or four years this collection, our specialists will in order, the restoration is complete - and all this will be shown in our showroom.
"Tomorrow." On the other departments of the Institute of restoration are you working? NC. We have a friendly relationship with the department of restoration of easel oil painting on Gastello, which is headed by Maria Stepanovna Churakova. There is a substantive cooperation, we are engaged in serious research work. Learning from the collection of the Museum of Solnechnogorsk, the preservation of paintings of 50th-70th years of XX century, the technology was used by artists of the time - and throws the oil painting department of the work, we work with them.
VK. For example, clearing the picture and see some typical damage cracelures unusual - and give the department Churakova.
NC. Maria Stepanovna is a directory database of scores for the dictionary-encyclopedia. Her department is studying the nature of the destruction of works of different eras, from canvas to paint. This year, they produced an impressive report on the subject.
VK. But with all the friendly contacts with all the cooperation we understand that the problems in our departments are different, and try not to duplicate each other. They are engaged in science, studying the ground - and we have applied the appointment, we are tied to exhibitions. Purely artistic studies draw - the historic part of the attribution of objects to their origin. Only that can go accompanying material to the exhibition - opening of the exhibition, concise information about the paintings. Visitors walk around with notebook and enjoy all of this rewrite.
"Tomorrow." People are still interested in painting and restoration - and visitors can count on your fingers?
NC. The exhibition hall is not empty. Almost every month we have a new exhibit - and people come, look. They are interested and exhibitions, and the house itself, the architecture and layout of which have remained unchanged, in the main rooms kept painting the walls and ceilings ...
This year saw the restoration for three of the five scheduled exhibitions. Very interesting, significant exhibitions, large parts of the report of our institute - a monumental sculpture, restoration of the monumental painting of ancient manuscripts. Our department at the end of the year to exhibit with Egoryevskaya collection.
The latest exhibition dedicated to the mural paintings of Dionysius, was attended by several departments of the Institute: and climatology, and the research laboratory of biological research, and chemists, and physicists, and tamper department and department of monumental painting. They report on the work of thirty years: the restoration of Ferapontovo finished mural Dionysius open timber removed. Big event. And such a great year - one hundred years since the publication of the monograph large VT George "Frescoes Ferapontov monastery." In September, the largest international conference in Ferapontovo devoted to this event. And we have this conference an exhibition of his pre-empted.
"Tomorrow." You've said that many visitors to call home Palibino museum. Why?
NC. It is very symbolic that on the day of our anniversary gave us a book with illustrations by evangelical contemporary artist, which was signed: "The museum conservators - forever."
Perhaps it is no coincidence - we have a memorial room and Sava Yamschikova is where everything is stored as it was during his life, is a description of items. Photographs, manuscripts, books, works of art which he gave the artists.
Last year, the anniversary of the death of Savva Vasilievich, we opened an exhibition of his memory. And put it here in the Burdenko, a unique collection of playbills, posters, all the all-union, national, international exhibitions. This is a very valuable museum, the archive is a material that hardly anywhere is assembled, as we have - because Savva Vasilievich all, several copies of each show, kept in his studio and in the department. When we all saw this, we thought, "Well, it can be said to a museum!"
VK. Going to do now the general introduction, a constant: the history of the house, its restoration, the history of exhibition activities. And about Sawa Yamschikova separate text. A plaque will be required. Nicholas Predein created at the time the sculptural portrait of Savva - now ask him to make a bas ... Void formed. In the case of something - anything, the department works. Just Savva Vasilievich was a man: he was there - and quiet the soul.
The conversation had Ludmila and Olga Sapozhnikov
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I also repeatedly took part in exhibitions in this wonderful house . There's quite a unique atmosphere . As if committing a trip back in time and completely forget that you are in the center of Moscow ... The doorbell rings , dog barking, as if waiting for you here and you are always welcome. Especially in winter , when you get outside the door to the veranda , fragrant wood, with windows twined whimsical frosty lace ... But most importantly , it is people ! All harmonize with the interiors of houses . But then the British Ambassador or a strange woman dressed in the latest fashion 50s . Stewards of course, was Yamschikov Sawa . He sat on the couch, always surrounded by people and stacks of papers, the phone rang incessantly. New arrivals immediately offered to drink tea ...
(a lot of uncomplimentary words read about him , but let them remain on the conscience of the authors)
Minister of Culture opened the memorial plaque Sawa Yamschikova
The Minister of Culture opened the memorial plaque Sawa Yamschikova in Pskov
Minister of Culture Alexander Avdeev has opened in Pskov, a memorial plaque known restorer Yamschikova Sawa . After the ceremony , the board is installed on the building of the Pskov museum -preserve.
" Savely V. engaged in the past but looking to the future. More than anyone else , he understood that we will never be a state with a rich culture, if not save a huge civilization of wealth accumulated by the Russian people for the last thousand years," - said Avdeev.
According to Avdeev, initiated the creation of a memorial plaque Yamschikova Sawa , has long worked in Pskov, Pskov were themselves .
Savely Yamschikov was a famous Russian art historian, conservator and publicist. He has consulted with Andrei Tarkovsky's film "Andrei Rublev" . Sawa Yamschikov died in 2009 at the 71- year life.
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08.10.2011, 04:18
"The museum conservators ..." In memory of Sava Yamschikova
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