The first retrospective of Emil Nolde (1867 -) in Paris

[LCR]

From 25 September to 19 th January at the Grand Palais (Grand Palais) will open an exhibition devoted to works of Emil Nolde, which will be presented 90 paintings and 70 works of graphic art (watercolors, drawings and prints).

Emil Hansen (who in 1902 took the alias name of the village, where he was born, Nolde) began to paint quite late.
After several attempts to find like-minded people in the arts - in a short time he was a member of group "Bridge» (die Brücke) and "Secession" - he took the position of the artist working in solitude. This helped him a lot more misanthropic nature and distrustful attitude towards the intelligentsia.

In the 1934-meters, the Nolde joined the National Socialist Party, most likely on the calculation, thinking that the new masters of Germany will be showering him honors. However, he was horrified by his work: "it's unthinkable!" (das ist unmöglich) - he exclaimed, seeing the paintings Nolde. In 1938, at the exhibition "degenerative art" was exhibited 38 of his paintings. Some of these works were returned to him and avoided public burning or secret sale in Switzerland.

In 1941, he was forbidden to paint. Then, taking refuge on the ground, where he spent his childhood, he began secretly to do small watercolors (more than 1000 works), which was easy to hide in case the visit by the Gestapo. These "unwritten images" very interesting - he is completely updates the technique of painting.

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Self-Portrait, 1917

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Garden in Burchard, 1907

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Paradise Lost, 1921

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Life of Christ, 1911-12

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Audience in the cabaret, 1911

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Photo exhibition "degenerative art" in the center - Goebbels

[dedulya37]

Сообщение от LCR

Garden in Burchard, 1907

What classroom work!

[Meister]

dedulya37, 1, and I still have a garden in Burchard like)))

[Кирилл Сызранский]

Сообщение от LCR

(which in 1902 took the alias name of the village, where he was born, Nolde)

This is who knows where this village?
My friend, an art historian from Munich states that in Schleswig-Holstein. I all, and in Schleswig, and in Flensburg and Kiel asked, no one knows, in the most detailed atlases of German looking-no ...
Does anyone know?

[Sandro]

Сообщение от Cyril Syzransky

This is who knows where this village?
Does anyone know?

Here's to you:

He was born as Emil Hansen near the village of Nolde, (now part of the Danish municipality of Burkal), Province of Schleswig-Holstein.

Nolde is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Drenthe. It is located in the municipality of De Wolden, about 4 km south of Zuidwolde. [1]

[Кирилл Сызранский]

Sandro, and where you were before? Now, understand, and already found in Grosseravtoatlase this village on the DANISH side. 12 km east of Tender Danish, a hundred times there passed. With Husum on the road to the north along the Nordsee.
Semen Semyonitch ...

[LCR]

Nolde Exhibition - which for many was a revelation - was all somehow a little settled, and I would like to revert to the artist (in particular, because I now want to collect the names of all the artists whose works were exhibited Hp Vystaavke degenerative art).

So, with your pozvolniya, I will post here a compilation of several of his works, brief biography, a translation of a letter and a few quotes from his autobiography (I think it's very interesting to compare them with the letter de Stael).

Emil Nolde

1867-1884: Emil Hansen was born on August 7, 1867 to a peasant family in the German village of Nolde, located near the Danish border. In 1902, after his marriage, he took the surname name of this village.

1884-1891: uchitlsya on cabinetmaker and sculptor. After graduation he worked in Munich, then in Karlsruhe, where he attended a school of applied arts, and in Berlin.

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1892-1897: taught drawing, decorative arts and art in Switzerland.

Nolde began to write - the alpine scenery of the mountains small size. Their publication in the journal Jugend was a great success. The sale of these works allowed him to give up teaching and become an independent artist.

1895-1896: continuous work on the first oil painting, "Mountain Giants, who have failed the annual international exhibition in Munich.

1900-1901: the fall of 1900 took lessons at the Academy Julian, studying painting of old masters in the Louvre. In Copenhagen, Nolde is written in the Christian school Tsartmana, one of the most courageous Scandinavian colorists of his generation. Meeting with the Danish actress Ada Vilstrup.

1902: marriage with Ada Vilstrup. Her illness.

1904: Church Olstrupa ordered him altar polyptych. Financial difficulties. Trip to Italy. The first printed schedule (a series of "Fantasy").

1906-1907: Period of cooperation with the group "Most", founded in 1905. Members of this group, which impressed "riot of color" Nolde, offered him vstepit group. He received ststus "active member".
Maps Ernst, founder of the Museum Folkwang, one of the most otkytyh to the new art, bought several works Nolde. Thanks Nolde, Ernst interest group "Most"

Winter 1906-1907: the beginning of the differences between the couple, Nolde and other members of the group "Most". Nolde accuses them of incompetence in financial management and lack of participation in the international demonstrations.

21 March-9 April 1907: visit to Dresden. In his autobiography, mentions visiting Nolde "Hekelya, Kirnera, Pechstein - young people with fresh vzglyadom the world, full of enthusiasm and vitality. Hekel terribly inspired all around him, Kirchner almost raskzyval mouth, Pechstein infectious laugh ... »(Mein Leben).

November 1907: Nolde Hekelyu sent the letter, which was the treasurer and administrator of "Bridge", with notification of its withdrawal from the group. Paintings and drawings Nolde exhibited in 24 different locations.

December 1907: meeting with Edvard Munch.

Beginning 1908: Nolde was elected a full member of beroinskogo Secession (since 1905 he had a status of "guest").

March 1908? Experimenting with watercolor. Developing technology, close to Tachisme.

Beginning 1909: Attempts to resist Nolde Secession, too dependent, according to him, from the previous generation of artists, particularly from Lieberman. The desire to establish an international association of artists called moles «Die Zeitgenosen» ( «Contemporaries"). In a letter Munch, whom he mentors others in the new association, he lists the names Hofer, Beckman, Rohlfs, Schmidt-Rottluffa, Matisse, Le Puy, the Swedish artist Gustav Vigeland, Karl Mill, Axel Tornemana. Munch did not respond to this letter, project remained unrealized.

Summer 1909: Nolde nearly died from poisoning non-potable water. In the village Ruttebyul "in a state of ecstasy", he wrote a series of paintings on religious subjects: "The Last Supper", "Pentecost", "Crucifixion".
Nolde sought as it may more accurately portray the ethnic type characters in these works.

Winter 1909-10: Acquisition of a workshop in Berlin. Visit Von Genig and Beckman, who reacted to the arrogance of the works of Nolde.

May 1910: formation of the "New Secession", which included 20 artists, not taken Sets3ession. Nolde informed of this obrazschovanii, but do not take part in it.

October-November 1910: Second exhibition of the New Secession involving Nolde. Two of his works, including "Pentecost", as well as members of the "bridge" rejected by the jury of the Berlin Secession. Nolde said that Lieberman has threatened to withdraw from the Secession, if the work Nolde will be taken.

December 8, 1910: Lieberman organized discussion of the problems associated with Nolde, kotoryts present at this discussion, but has not commented.

December 10, 1910: Nolde Lieberman sent an insulting letter, a copy of which he sent to the journal «Kunst und Künstler» ( «Art and Artists").

December 17, 1910: an extraordinary collection of Secession, whose members voted to expel Nolde (40 votes in favor, 2 against, 3 vrzderzhavshihsya).

Winter 1910-1911: Ada and Emil Nolde are immersed in the nightlife of Berlin. The ratio of the artist to the city is twofold: it is for him - "the great whore", a symbol of lust and loss of identity, but at the same time - "phenomenally stimulating city."

April 1911: Visit to Brussels. Nolde experiencing shock, not found in the Brussels museum works of James Ensor. Introducing Ensor. A trip to Amsterdam, the admiration of "Night dozolrom" by Rembrandt, Hals and Van Gogh.

November 1911: assiduous seen Ethnological Museum in Berlin. Sketches of masks in Oceania, Africa and prekolumbiyskoy America.

December 5, 1911: the collapse of the New Secession by the departure Pechstein, but for him and all members of the "Bridge".

January - February 1912: the end devyatichastnogo polyptych "Life of Christ", exhibited in the Museum Folkwang in Hagen. This polyptych was rejected by the jury of the exhibition of contemporary religious art in Brussels and the exhibition in Cologne.

July - August 1913: buy a small farm in Utenvarfe near Zeebyullya.

Fall 1913: Public invited Nolde colonial administration to participate in the expedition to New Guinea. "The purpose of this expedition was to study the sanitary conditions in the German colonies. And in particular, to establish the causes of lower fertility rates among indigenous people. The purpose of his participation - the study of pristine nature and people belonging to different uivilizatsiyam.

March 25, 1914: Nolde directs the Office of the colonies official letter, in which protests against the organized theft hudozhestvenny and cultural values of the colonized territories.

1917: Nolde destroyed 15 entries. Under the influence of Van Gogh wrote "Self-Portrait in a straw hat."

1918: Exhibition in Hanover, Munich, Germany. Nolde relinquished his professorship at the Academy of Karlsruhe.

1920: inauguration of the hall Nolde in the National Gallery in Berlin.

Winter 1933: Kandinsky, Nolde came to visit.

May 15, 1933: President of the Prussian Academy of Max von Schilling, demanding the resignation of Nolde. Refusal Nolde.

Summer 1933: League of National Socialist Students Nolde appointed by the President of the Association of schools of fine arts.

April 8, 1934: Ada and Emil Nolde drawn up a will in which he left his estate in the region Zeebyulle Tonderna to improve relations between residents on both sides of the border.

September 15, 1934: Nolde joined the "National-Socialist Cooperative North Schleswig, which a year later merged with the National-Socialist Party of North Schleswig.

May 1935: in the Kunsthalle in Hamburg works Nolde had a full room. However, some work, including "The Entombment", had to withdraw.

December 1935: at Nolde diagnosed with cancer of the stomach. The operation in Hamburg.

1936: The postoperative period in Switzerland. Vizmit to Klee.

February 7, 1937: Hamburg Court is investigating the entry Nolde in the National-Socialist Cooperative North Schleswig. Zaklyubchenie Court - Nolde did not enter into it.

Summer 1937: the Nazi campaign against the "degenerative art". During the exhibition in Munich, which opened July 20, Katrina Nolde are the subject of ridicule. From German museums were confiscated in 1052 Nolde works - a record, no one had been confiscated so much work!

July 2, 1938: Nolde wrote Goebbels statement demanding the return of his works, which belong to him, but were in temporary storage in museums. He received no answer, but required the paintings were returned to him.

March 20, 1939: among the 5000 works of art, burned by the Nazis in Berlin, there were numerous works by Nolde.

May 1939: first visit to the studio Nolde couple, Sprengel, wealthy industrialists and art lovers who supported Nolde during the war, supplying its materials and products, as well as hiding it in his paintings that the Nazis wanted to confiscate. Nolde forbidden to paint.

August 23, 1941: The Gestapo was ordered to check whether Nolde obeyed the prohibition to paint. Nolde wrote at the time of the very small size, which was easier to hide in case of a search ( "unwritten image").

May 1942-1945: Nolde uninterruptedly eivet in Zeebyulle.

November 7, 1946: death of Ada Nolde.

1953: Nolde was awarded the Medal of Merit in the field of science and the arts.

April 13, 1956: the death of Emil Nolde in Zeebyulle. Foundation fund Ada and Emil Nolde.

[LCR]

Letter from Emil Nolde to his friend Hans Feru, written during his travels in the southern seas.

My friend.

We live in an era of extinction of all primitive cultures and peoples, all already open, all Europeanized. The descendants will be left even the smallest part of the Earth's primordial nature, inhabited by primitive tribes. After 20 years, all this eventually disappears. After three hundred years, scientists and researchers will rack his head and digging to try to uznacht something that we have the most valuable, of the original cultures that we are destroying so irresponsible and so shamelessly.

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Primitive people live in nature, they are inseparable from it, is a part of the whole cosmos. Sometimes I think that only they are real people, and we - something like a puppet on hinges, mutilated, iskuschtvennyh and arrogant.
I write and draw, I try to fix anything from this primitive community of man and nature. Some things I must have succeeded, at least it seems to me that my work representing the primitive people, and some watercolors so genuine and so nepriukrasheny that they simply can not hang in the perfumed salons.
I do not know any modern artist, with the exception of Paul Gauguin and me who have been based on this infinite wealth of primitive and real life to create something lasting. For example, the English: what part of this primitive essence, they have destroyed in their vast and diverse colonies? This is absolutely inexcusable - in fact, as far as I know, they did not even try to preserve these cultures. They really saved any number of objects of worship of these people, bringing them to England, so goes Japan and China in their colonies - and nothing more. But is that enough?

With the disappearance of the primitive state of primitive peoples closes the first chapter of human history. Human evolution is still ascendant, but will soon begin a regression of the human race.
On our planet, we can try to preserve our way of life, to instill it in some other nations, but in general, the rise and decline of cultures unmoved, he goes with the drawn path.


A few quotations:


I often stayed in his shop and peered intently at a blank canvas in the expectation that it will characters, phantasmagoria, or just the sky in the clouds. And then, armed with a brush or pencil, I tried to create one now. I worked until dusk, inflicted the last strokes of the light candles, because the postponement of the work was impossible.

Engaged in painting, I always hoped that the paint on the canvas will be, thanks to my work, and certainly look as natural processes - the formation of crystals, the growth of moss and algae blooming flowers in the sun. I wanted to write not an effort of will, and obedience to necessity.

I loved consider mahki colors, texture painting. I wish that, when considering the near paint dastavlyali me the same sensual pleasure, as the pervasive nature I looked at them from afar.

Loyalty and accuracy in the reproduction of nature mean nothing. The figure, exactly reproduces FREE model is only disgust. Breathe in nature's soul, his spirit - that's what makes the work of the artist's work of art.

I never knew that Catholic and porotestantskoe clergy did not like, or even denied by my works on religious subjects. I am nobody said anything. Of course, I myself never asked, what should resemble the picture on religious subjects. I created these scenes, follow your instincts, giving the characters of the Jews in accordance with the type of reality - including Christ and the apostles, I wrote them in the form evpeyskih peasant fishermen. I gave them the characteristic facial features, as well as the revolutionary teachings of Christ had before other most powerful members of society.

Educated art critics called me an expressionist. I do not like this name. Later, when the Futurists and the Constructivists began to call themselves Expressionists, for me it was a liberation.

[Кирилл Сызранский]

Сообщение от LCR

May 15, 1933: President of the Prussian Academy of Max von Schilling, demanding the resignation of Nolde. Refusal Nolde.

I do not understand. From what the post demanded the resignation?

[LCR]

Сообщение от Cyril Syzransky

do not understand. From what the post demanded the resignation?

Yes, you're right, I missed the line, from 1924 Nolde was a member of the Prussian Academy.