"Return to the Baroque. From Caravaggio to Vanvitelli"
World tourism center of Naples became the first half of XVIII century. These he owes one Campanian peasant digging a well and otryvshemu fragments of the ancient theater at Herculaneum. It was in 1710. Soon archaeological fever, mastered the noble lady, scientists and ordinary men of the adventurers of Naples and forced them to postpone the more important concerns like the wars of the Spanish and Polish heritage and take up the picks and shovels. From under the ground like mushrooms after the rain appeared Herculaneum, Pompeii and Stabia, and antiquity, hitherto cold, white marble, slightly abstract, finds warmth of life that is saved in the dormant lava of ancient fabrics and wood. Great Winkelman before to publish the final version of his "History of antiquity", four times he went to Naples and climbed all the neighborhood. Every honest scientist strove to follow his example. In short, the city at the foot of Mount Vesuvius, and himself became a volcano erupted in Europe, samples of the neoclassical style. As he wandered the streets a crowd of archaeologists, antiquarians, scholars, dilettantes and dandies, besieged by curious onlookers Museum of Capodimonte, and International artists, including our Sylvester Shchedrin, sat down on the shores of the Gulf of Naples to paint coastal cliffs, fishermen, smugglers, lazzaroni and smoking on the horizon Vesuvius.
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tightly glued to the image of the Blessed Naples Preserve archeology could not even spoil the film by Matteo Garrone, Gomorrah, "grabbed the prizes and let the world know the terrible truth about the Camorra. Grandiose venture started by Neapolitan museums, with the support of various cultural committees and commissions of the region, Campania, must be made in Naples kind tourist rebranding. This is the project "Return to the Baroque. From Caravaggio to Vanvitelli, who oversees one of the most prestigious Italian art - Nicola Spinoza. It's six largest museums in the city, each of which is open to several exhibitions. More than 350 paintings, drawings, sculptures and jewels of Applied Arts, svezennyh from around the world in addition to local treasures and exhibited in the palace interiors. Finally, 27 hiking trails in Baroque Naples and its suburbs with the inspection of various palazzo, galleries, churches and almshouses. In general, a word about the archeology of the ancient Romans - only baroque madness and brilliance of Naples, the capital of which in the aforesaid period was, incidentally, the second largest city in Europe after Paris and favorite comedies of Lope de Vega.
Chronological framework of the project is very broad. From 1606, when in Naples from Caravaggio arrived in Rome, which took barely feet from the Eternal City, which killed a man in a duel, until 1759, when from Naples to Madrid left Charles III (local account Karl VII), traded on the Spanish throne, Naples crown. Rome and Madrid - the city that rivaled Naples forever and ever exchanged masters and modes. Rome - because all the best in the Christian world flocked to the papal court. Madrid - since the beginning of XVI century, Naples was ruled by the Spanish Habsburgs, and later - the Spanish Bourbons, which benefited greatly from the intensity of cultural contacts.
Mentioned in the name of the painter Caravaggio and the architect Vanvitelli, although the first-born of Lombardy, and the second and did the Dutchman by birth, in the art were the Romans to the bone. Exile brought Caravaggio in Naples Roman Baroque at its very beginning, sensual ear off, spiritualistic and crudely carnal simultaneously. Accuser and adventurer, he stayed in Naples for a total of not more than eight months, leaving behind a dozen paintings and a great many imitators. From this vaccination Neapolitan school could not recover until the middle of the XVIII century: José de Ribera, Battistella, Massimo Terminal, Mattia Pretty, Luca Giordano, Francesco Solimena - all the best painters of Naples fall into sin karavadzhizma varying degrees of severity. Luigi Vanvitelli brought the Roman Baroque at its very end, emasculate and majestic pustoslovnoe. Charles VII of Naples called him to build the world's largest palace - the world's largest theater, the San Carlo in Naples at that time already had. Vanvitelli Royal Palace of Caserta was supposed to outshine Versailles: the size he really is superior to all facilities in Europe, and the breakdown of a vast park with ponds, waterfalls, fountains and an enormous aqueduct forced to move to the town of Caserta 10 km. But when this "swan song Baroque ultimately unfinished, it was found that Versailles is hopelessly out of fashion.
Presumably, gigantic project "Return to the Baroque" ideally adapted to the Neapolitan material. The Museum of Capodimonte you will see paintings and graphics from the beginning to the middle of XVII century XVIII, from Caravaggio to Francesco Solimena. In the Palazzo Reale - architectural projects, uvrazhi with ornaments and furniture of the same time, by Domenico Fontana to Ferdinando Sanfeliche. The National Museum of Ceramics of the Duke de Martin - Applied Art. The Museum Pignatelli show still lifes - that meaningful genre, in which each piece is full of philosophical and even alchemical sense, was born of the Baroque period. In the Museum of San Martino is located in an old Carthusian monastery, holding portraits of the baroque city (Naples Veduta) and famous citizens. And one of the most interesting exhibitions will open at the Castle Sant 'Elmo, which had been brought pictures of Neapolitan churches, many of which have long closed, so that this painting has not been seen for decades. All the paintings for the exhibition was restored, and in the course of restoration were found most amusing details. For example, the "Holy Wit" Battistella from the altar of the Church of Santi Marcellino e Festo was not so holy: x-ray showed that it was originally on the canvas were painted Venus and Adonis, Venus, but then somehow recorded and Adonis became a Roman martyr. Apparently, the artist received an unexpected order and in a hurry. However, all this was quite in the spirit of the era.
"Return to the Baroque. From Caravaggio to Vanvitelli. Museo di Capodimonte, Certosa e Museo di S. Martino, Castel S. Elmo, Museo Duca di Martina, Museo Pignatelli, Palazzo Reale. Naples. December 12, 2009 - April 11, 2010
1.Paolo Finola. "Crucifixion", first half of XVII century. Alte Pinakothek,
2.Dzhovanni Battista Recco. "Interior of the kitchen", the middle of XVII century. Reyksmuzeum, Amsterdam
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