Artists emigrants in Latin America

[Allena]

Russia's Master of Arts in the distant continent

      The existence of our artistic community in Latin America is closely linked (with rare exceptions) with two waves of emigration: after the October Revolution and the Second World War.

      Perhaps one of the first settled in Latin America, in Caracas, decorative artist, painter and architect Nikolai Ferdinandov (1886-1925), moved there from New York in 1919.

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The name of this man in Russia, almost unknown, which is not about Venezuela. His fate is quite remarkable. A native of Moscow, he studied first at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, then at the High School of Arts of St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, has exhibited his works at exhibitions in Moscow in 1908, in the years 1910-1913. traveled to Egypt, Greece, Italy, France, probably visited Palestine. In 1913 at the International Art Exhibition in Rome for decorative work was awarded the Gold Medal.

      After moving to Caracas, he began to actively participate in the artistic life of Venezuela, in the activities of the local Society of Fine Arts. Around it merged group of painters, mainly landscape, including a prominent Venezuelan artist Armando Reveron (1889-1945). In 1920-1922 gg. Ferdinands repeatedly exhibited at the exhibitions held in Venezuela, his paintings (in the spirit of impressionism) and ornamental work, diligently studied and the image of deep-sea flora and fauna. In 1923-1924. He lived on the island of Curacao, where the March 7, 1925 he died of galloping tuberculosis.

      The last years of his life in Caracas, the famous Ukrainian artist, professor, doctor of art Vasily Krichevsky (1872-1952), who worked in the field of painting, graphic art, architecture, theater and arts and crafts.

      After wandering in Yugoslavia, Italy and France in Caracas settled alumnus of the Odessa Art School Eugene Androvich, exhibited their works of art in the central interior of Venezuela in 1964-1966, respectively. Here were also a painter and graphic artist Vladimir Neshumov, who arrived from Paris in the late 60's - early 70-ies, and the architect and painter Leonid Tarasov. In the 70's. in Caracas, Gallery "El Rincon de Paris", was an exhibition of these artists to exhibit mainly landscapes and still lifes.

      In the early 50's. European camps for displaced persons was in Caracas portrait painter and teacher Mikhail Hrisogonov.

      As artists who lived and worked in Argentina, it should first be called remarkable sculptor Stepan Erzya-Nefedova (1876-1959). In 1936 in Buenos Aires from Paris came to a theater artist and painter Konstantin V. Popov (1897-1952). There he worked extensively in theater, Ateneo, "Colon" and others, served decorative wall paintings, many engaged in easel painting - painted landscapes, portraits, still lifes. From 1936 to 1952. was organized about 40 solo exhibitions Popova, not only in Buenos Aires, but also in other cities (Rosario, Bahia Blanca, Mardel Plata, Tucumán), and he participated in various salons. Close friendship bound Popov and famous Argentine poet Alfonsin Reversal, which he devoted many works. The artist's paintings are in museums in Buenos Aires and Rosario as well as in the universities of Tucumán, Bahía Blanca and Mardel Plata.

      In late 1948 a large group of refugees from the Soviet Union, who were previously in Europe, in Buenos Aires came a painter and illustrator Konstantin Hedda (1891-1977). There have been past nearly 30 years of his life. Until the end of his days Hedda much fruitful work, is based on small sketches of interesting paintings (oils and watercolors) from the lives of ordinary people of Argentina. Among his works are remarkable especially those that focus on Gaucho, where the artist is almost always depicted their favorite horses. He was captured and the rapid pace of herds and racing at the racetrack in San Isidro, and competitions gaucho. Hedda is also developing a variety of subjects from the life of the native people ( "Hunting", "haymaking", "Russian troika in winter"), has created a lot of portraits.

      However, life in Argentina had its own challenges for the artist. Organization of exhibitions in special rooms cost is very expensive, and only in 1953, he managed to arrange a personal exhibition in one of the most prestigious art galleries in Buenos Aires - Van Ryel, the second a small exhibition of his works was held at a school in the city.

      Several great opportunities to present their creativity Hedda was when I took to illustrate the historical novels by Russian writer MD Karateeva (died 1978), who lived mainly in Uruguay, - "The label of the Great Khan", "Karachi-Murza" and "Iron hromets. For these books, he performed over 100 illustrations, showing not only a good knowledge of that distant era, but also compositional skill and professionalism of the painter. These works were very popular and to the author's novels.

      In 1948, from Europe to Buenos Aires, arrived two more well-known artist - Anatoly Sokolov (1891-1971) and Boris Ivanovich Kryukov (1895-1967), left its mark on the art of Argentina.

      Thus, Sokolov got there new incentives for creativity have long been interested in its historical and battle paintings. In 1949, at auction, dedicated to 100 anniversary of the death of national hero of Argentina, the liberator of Chile and Peru, Jose da San-Martin, a monumental painting "Crossing of the Andes, captured one of the brightest episodes of the liberation struggle, the artist received the first prize, was awarded the gold medal and diploma of the Ministry of Culture of Argentina. The canvas was acquired by the National Museum. H. da San Martín. After that, the credibility of the artist has expanded enormously. Museums and public institutions began to order his paintings. He created a series of works devoted to various episodes of Argentine history, for example, "Army General Belgrano crossing the river Paraná" (1960), a large portrait of the "Libertador Don José de San Martin, Argentina's capital acquired by the authorities. In 1954, on special order one of the galleries of Buenos Aires, he created four large wall panels: "Columbus discovered America", "Conquistadors", "Port of Argentina and Argentina today." Sokolova paintings were exhibited in many Argentine cities, as well as in Chile, Bolivia, Paraguay. Of the more than 100 works, amounting to a picturesque heritage Sokolova, 25 are closely related to Argentina. The press rightly pointed out that all the large canvases, "dedicated to Argentina, is a historical heritage of this state, and the name of Anatoly Sokolov never there will not be forgotten."

      In various forms and genres of art manifested itself in Argentina B. Kryukov. He studied and worked in Ukraine from Nazi-occupied Kiev came first in Lviv, and then to Krakow, then to Austria. After moving to Argentina, he has repeatedly arranged solo exhibitions in galleries in Mueller (1949, 1951, 1952, 1954), Van Ryel (1956, 1958) and others, were exhibited in the U.S. and Canada. At the same time, he created the icons and mosaics for the Ukrainian churches of various denominations abroad. Criticism of Argentina and the United States, tend to be highly appreciative of his work, and in 1970 in Buenos Aires issued a richly illustrated album "Boris Kriukow" with a detailed introduction by the Spanish, Ukrainian and English languages.

      Especially notable contribution made Kryukov in illustration and design books. In the 50-60-ies he worked closely with publishers, published literature in the Ukrainian language (for which he illustrated nearly 80 books), as well as with publishers' Ateneo, "" Atlantis "and others. For illustrations of "Don Quixote" and "Don Segundo Sombra" competitions in 1964 and 1965. Kryukov was awarded the prizes. For over 15 years, he also drew cartoons for the products made in the Ukrainian language satirical magazine "Broom".

      In Kryukov, in Argentina, where the Ukrainian diaspora is quite substantial in recent decades have worked and worked some more artists of Ukrainian descent, for example, Krukova pupil, the sculptor and collector Mykola Holovaty, an award in 1986, a special prize of the Pope.

      In Argentina, he worked as an Armenian architect and painter-portraitist Baghdasar Ayvazian (1896 -?), As well as a painter Gevorg (Jorge) Demirchian (r.1932). From 1950 to 1982. here lived and worked Igor N. Schmit (1922-1982). Receiving arts education in Zagreb, Vienna and Munich, he arrived in Buenos Aires already established artist, member of several European exhibitions. Schmitt is known primarily as a house painter, his work in this genre were represented at the personal exhibitions 1957, 1970, 1980, as well as a posthumous exhibition in 1983. He also worked successfully as a theatrical scene-painter, landscape painter and illustrator (in particular, illustrated several works of Dostoyevsky).

      On the artistic work of our compatriots and their descendants in other countries in Latin America, we have yet fragmentary information. Known, for example, that in the second half of the 20's - early 30-ies. number of states visited by the famous painter, graphic artist and illustrator Boris Grigoriev (1886-1938), who lived mainly in France and the United States, in particular, he participated in the restructuring of the Higher Art School in Santiago.

      In Chile in the first 50 years of living painter and graphic artist Sergei Baikalov-Latyshev (1906 -?). In 1920, as a disciple of Russian cadet corps, he was in Yugoslavia, where he received an architectural, artistic and partly philosophical education. There is an interest in religious art in its version of the Serbo-Byzantine and marinisticheskoy painting. In Santiago and Valparaiso artists participate annually exhibits Chilean artists, not just there to receive awards. The local press has paid much attention to his work, commending his seascapes, landscapes and icons executed in the style of the Serbian and Russian icon painting school. Icons of Baikalova-Latysheva are found in many Orthodox churches in North and South America (Buenos Aires, Caracas, Los Angeles), as well as in West Germany. One time he even gave lectures on Orthodox iconography at the University of Santiago. In 1970, Chile was published album of his drawings "Cerros de Valparaiso" ( "Hills of Valparaiso), which gives an idea of this artist as a master of urban landscape.

      It is known that from 1929 to 1931. with its famous Diego Rivera collaborated Victor M. Arnautov (1876-after 1977). Born in Ukraine, he at one time studied at the California Art School, where he met Rivera taught there. In 1963 Arnautov returned to their homeland.

      Perhaps, in Brazil for some time he lived and worked as a sculptor from Lviv Michael Dzindra (r.1920). There is evidence that in Ecuador has been successfully operating an artist-engraver on metal Boris Ordonez, whose ancestors also came to America from Russia.
 
VV Shleev //"Latin America", 1994, № 9 (published in abridged)

On materials of the site "Compatriots"

[Jasmin]

A picture can be? Please.

[Allena]

Jasmin, unfortunately, the source, there is no picture. We must ourselves, we will look to the dry text of respectability.

[SergeiSK]

Not to mention Paolo (Paul) Gagarin. In 1914 he emigrated to France, then to Brazil, where he became very popular. Based on the information of the Brazilian newspaper he was the son of St. Petersburg governor (well, not Matvienko, of course) lived for 95 years! He wrote brilliant Brazilian landscapes. The first picture of the presented belongs to me. And some information about the artist, though the Portuguese language. But can someone translate it.

[раскатов]

This picture and a portrait of Nicholas Ferdinand.

[раскатов]

Sergei Latyshev Baikalova-known that during the war he joined the 2nd Cossack cavalry division, first as liaison officer and then commander of the 6 th Squadron. He was awarded two medals. In January 1945, transferred to R.O.A. to the gene. Meander and was sent to Yugoslavia to communicate with the Chetniks, which saved him from criminal extradition Plattling.

After the war, moving to Chile, where the deceased seriously took up painting, soon created a name for himself in Mr. Santiago Valparaiso. Before coming to power Ayende he leaves the hospitality of Chile and moved to Spain where he continues to pursue art, while not a serious illness forced him to settle in a rest home in San Rafael in France.

"How I became an artist. From the recollections of Sergei Baikalova - Latyshava. Journal "Cadet roll" № 23. 1983
  "In Chile, I was able to safely continue the professional work of the artist. Almost every year I arranged his solo exhibitions in various cities and participated in many competitive formal parlors, Societies and artists as the Sociedad Nacional de Artes Belyas ", in Santiago, Sociedad Gazette, also from Santiago," Saba "-" Aconcagua Belyas Artes ", Salon Naval League in Chile, the Sociedad de Belyas Artes de Viña del Mar", in Valparaizo, and T e.
As a result, I was seen as critical and audience. At my exhibition in Santiago were sent to film-operators, movie now "Emelko" ... This was considered a rare success for the artist, and few could be filmed without paying a penny, as I did.

When I received a number of awards in the Salon and commendable criticism for my seascapes, it was confirmed for me, the title of artist and marine painter in Chile.

Two words about the exhibitions. In Chile, and throughout South America, like painting. Therefore, if an artist of his solo exhibitions sort of birthday party, then the public is an artistic event - a holiday. Vernissage with a cocktail and speeches, with a festive and elegant audience, creates high spirits. This ceremonial reception by the author by the artist. Repeatedly I had to arrange such festive cocktails at their shows, sometimes with his disciples. In a large exhibition hall, specifically for this purpose, size 20 by 10 meters, alternated weekly artists enlivening the capital and its cultural level.

All the same, for example, France does not want to admit that Americans are coming to it from the north or south, are worthy of recognition, which they were provided in their countries. After arriving in France I was supposed to start, as it were, at first the activity of the artist. Exhibited in the salons in the south of France, Monaco, Corsica or in Paris, I was able to finally bring the confidence of the French, as the jury and the public.

Then I came to the conclusion that old-Europe, has long been without sufficient reason is jealous of the purity of his vestments and the chastity of art in general. "

[раскатов]

This Anatoly Sokolov (1891-1971)

[Wladzislaw]

Lazar Segal (Lasar Segall, * Vilna in 1891, † São Paulo 1957) - probably the most famous artist in Latin America of immigrants from Russia Empire.

Biography: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasar_Segall

Site museum Segal: http://www.museusegall.org.br/