Nicholas Glushchenko - spy?

[Кирилл Сызранский]

An outstanding Ukrainian painter, People's Artist of USSR, State Prize winner named after Shevchenko Nikolai Glushchenko before the Great Patriotic War a dozen years he lived in Berlin and Paris, combining the role of an artist and a scout. In the life of Nicholas Glushchenko about his work in intelligence, no one knew. He was one of those who first informed the Soviet government on preparations for an attack by fascist Germanii.Dal valuable information about participation in war preparations against the USSR, various Ukrainian nationalist (c)
About Hitler drawings:
The last day of the exhibition hall granted top leadership of the Reich. He headed the group, Foreign Minister Ribbentrop. After a short speech on strengthening and expanding cultural ties between Germany and the Soviet Union Ribbentrop turned to Nikolai Petrovich, thanked him for his active work in the organization of the Soviet exposure and assist in the promotion of works by German artists in the USSR. Then Ribbentrop handed him a package. He said that the Fuhrer as a painter appreciates the talent of Nick Peters and considers him one of the best landscape painters in Europe. And in memory of the stay in Berlin gives the album with his own watercolors. On my own behalf Ribbentrop handed Glushchenko diplomas. In parting, he added: "If you have the desire, Hitler could write on the album donative signature. At that Nikolai Petrovich replied: "I am deeply grateful for the attention, but do not want to encumber this Hitler, which is so loaded public affairs", "Jarema" became the first and last Soviet intelligence officer to be awarded a "high honor». (c)
http://varjag-2007.livejournal.com/516388.html

[SergeiSK]

Сообщение от Cyril Syzransky

Nick Hlushchenko spy?

Do you doubt?

[ВЯЧЕСЛАВ]

Outstanding Ukrainian painter, People's Artist of USSR, State Prize winner named after Shevchenko Nikolai Glushchenko before the Great Patriotic War a dozen years he lived in Berlin and Paris, combining the role of an artist and a scout. In the life of Nicholas Glushchenko about his work in the exploration of one of your friends and colleagues on the creativity did not know. He was one of those who are informed well in advance of the Soviet Government on preparations for an attack of Nazi Germany. As you know, ignoring this information turned into a tragedy for the Soviet Union June 22, 1941.

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Get a passport of the USSR Glushchenko helped Alexander Dovzhenko

In early 1940 the Soviets had put before Glushchenko, an artist of world renown and experienced agents, the task - to organize an exhibition of German art in Moscow and an exhibition of folk art of the USSR in Berlin. At this time the German counterintelligence carefully watched by all who come to the country by Soviet citizens, suspecting almost every one of the Kremlin spy. Sending it to Germany Glushchenko, leadership intelligence hoped that the famous artist would not "close watch over, and this calculation was justified.

Both exhibitions were held with great success. In Berlin Hlushchenko all day contact with representatives of the German intellectuals, officials of the Ministry of Culture, countrymen. Once he was approached by a man introduced himself and said Zahar due to the phrase: "you greetings from Victor." It was the password. Glushchenko said: "He also asked me before going to tell you hello. The artist has received and delivered to the Center for valuable information to the military-political nature.

In the name of Stalin and Molotov was quickly prepared a memorandum, signed by the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs. It was noted that a scout was sent to Berlin Yarema received from the leadership of Ukrainian Research Institute, working under the Ministry of propaganda in Germany, information about Hitler's preparations for war with the Soviet Union.

In particular, this institution on the instructions of Minister Goebbels in an atmosphere of secrecy have been issued by German-Ukrainian dictionary for the infantry, pilots, a large dictionary of military topography, Ukrainian economic and political terms, getting ready to leave pocket dictionaries and detailed topographic maps of the whole territory of Ukraine.

In the memo also quoted the head of research of the Institute Professor Kusel, who, referring to communication with senior representatives of the German government declared that the war will surely be. This document is dated June 10, 1940. At the same time, as noted by the researchers of Soviet intelligence, the legendary Richard Sorge about a possible attack by Germany on the Soviet Union informed the radiogram from Japan five months later - on Nov. 18, 1940. Later, a week before the start of the war, Sorge called and the exact date - 22 June.

... Nicholas Glushchenko was born September 17, 1901 in Novomoskovsk Ekaterinoslav province (now Dnipropetrovsk region). In 1918 he graduated from Commercial College in Yuzovka (Donetsk). Even then manifested his ability to draw, inquisitive mind, prudence, which distinguishes it among their peers. Soon Glushchenko mobilization enlisted in Volunteer Army of Denikin. After some time, with the remnants of the White Guard units, he was on the territory of Poland. There he was captured and interned persons, and from there fled to Germany.

In Berlin, Nikolai graduated from the private art school and then high school art. His unusual ability to notice influential representatives of the Ukrainian emigration. While studying the young artist logistical support Hetman Skoropadsky, former UNR professor in Berlin-Smal Stotsky, writer Vladimir Vinnichenko. At the same time, Alexander Dovzhenko, who worked at that time in the Soviet consulate in Berlin, helping Glushchenko obtain a passport of the USSR.

After studying Nicholas moved to Paris. He was earning good painting and after some time been able to open an art studio, which began to visit the Parisians, tourists, former compatriots. Soon, when successfully begun to take an exhibition of paintings of the artist, studio became a meeting place of intellectuals, government officials, leaders of the White emigre Ukrainian and foreign organizations. A frequent guest of the studio was the Austro-Hungarian Archduke Wilhelm von Habsburg - nephew of the former Austrian emperor Franz Josef. During these meetings over a cup of coffee, where they discussed recent developments in art, politics, there were projections for the future, discussions were held on various topics, Glushchenko was always in the spotlight. During this period, from Paris to Moscow begins to receive very valuable information from the scout under the pseudonym Yarema. Few in the Center and the Paris residency Soviet intelligence knew that operates under the pseudonym Nikolai Glushchenko.

Thanks to the artist in the Soviet intelligence came secret blueprints of five hundred types of military equipment.

Once in the studio was a solid successful businessman from Belgium Andes RE-Mirabeau, who previously was a frequent visitor to Paris, but this time on the recommendation of a mutual friends decided to get acquainted with the talented artist. Almost immediately established close friendly relations, as a businessman well versed in painting and even tried to draw. For Glushchenko he is of interest as a valuable source of information: Mirabeau moved in a circle of industrialists, military, financial services executives, diplomats from France, Germany, Belgium, Britain and other countries engaged in introduction of new developments, including war.
Close and purposeful contacts with Mirabeau Glushchenko allowed to obtain very important information. In the archival material on this reads: "... carried out a number of complex tasks for obtaining scientific and technical information of a defensive nature. As a result, the Soviets had won the secret drawings of two hundred and five kinds of military equipment, including aircraft engines for fighters."

Once artistic talent Hlushchenko very useful to him in his intelligence services: it was necessary to do portrait sketches during the trial of the murderer Simon Petlyura Samuel Shvartsbadom. The Center for some reason he needed image Shvartsbada and his lawyer Torres. With such a task Glushchenko handled without much difficulty. These pencil drawings are preserved to this day. In addition, on Stalin's orders Glushchenko served orders of the Soviet Embassy in France - painted portraits of Romain Rolland, Michel Kashena, Henri Barbusse, president of the France-USSR "by Paul Signac, and other prominent representatives of the French intelligentsia. Popularity Glushchenko as an artist grew day by day. At the exhibitions of his paintings were exhibited next to the works of Van Gogh, Matisse, Picasso. Glushchenko himself was personally acquainted with Louis Aragon, in the workshop of Nikolai Petrovich visited Mayakovsky and Bunin.

From the reports of the Paris residency in Moscow, it is clear that Glushchenko requested permission to return to their homeland. One of them reads: "Yarema clamoring for permission to return to Ukraine. We are trying to prove that the completion of an important intelligence actions should remain in Paris for another year. He was extremely unhappy, said that more than two months will not stand." Ultimately Hlushchenko worked in France for another year.

In July 1936 the artist and his family returned to the Soviet Union. In Moscow, he and his wife and child are given a room in a communal area of 9 square meters. But he is still not paying attention, enjoys life, has organized exhibitions of his paintings in Kiev.

Soon the Soviet NKVD secret comes from Kiev report: "According to the Agathon, the artist traveled to Kiev Glushchenko, who secretly contacted the parties to the Ukrainian national-fascist organization of artists. These contacts were covered by an exhibition of paintings, which he organized. Agathon has learned that Ukrainian fascist underground in Glushchenko liaises with foreign Ukrainian counter-revolutionary groups. In Moscow Glushchenko should establish contacts with Russia's anti-Soviet factions as well as with the Trotskyists. It is their location and appearance. counterrevolutionary Study links Glushchenko continue. Rahlis Captain of State Security. "

However, as it turned out, in Kiev did not know about the work Glushchenko in intelligence, just wanted to earn points for exposing the "enemies of the people." Fortunately, the artist did not get to a millstone repression. On false dispatch alias Agathon opposite the inscription: "He was shot as a provocateur."

Some art historians who knew Glushchenko argue that in the 1920's while studying at the Berlin Graduate School of Fine Arts he allegedly took a couple of times drawing lessons from Hitler himself. However, evidence supporting this in the archives were found. But absolutely is valid another episode in the life of Nikolai Petrovich.
On the last day of the Soviet exhibition in Berlin, which oversaw Glushchenko, it was visited by top leaders of the Reich headed by Foreign Minister Ribbentrop. On behalf of the Fuehrer, he thanked all for the good organization of work, some awarded diplomas and valuable gifts, and then, turning to Glushchenko, said that Hitler appreciates his talent, believes one of the best landscape painters in Europe and in the memory of our sojourn in Berlin gives him the album with own watercolors. After returning to Moscow Glushchenko gave this album management intelligence.

Soon it wished to see Stalin himself. Only a year and a half Hitler drawings returned Glushchenko. He kept them all my life, and in 1977, after his death, his wife, according to the seeds Reznikov, collector and close friend of the family Glushchenko, allegedly gave the album for consulted in the Ministry of Culture of Ukraine. Then they seem to be interested in someone from the leadership of the Council of Ministers. In any case, until today has reached only one copy of Hitler's watercolors of the entire album.

The war put an end to intelligence activities Glushchenko. Later, he had only creativity. However, under the pressure of leading and guiding role of the Party had to create work in the style of socialist realism. There were his paintings "The execution of the Spanish revolutionaries", "Lenin near Wall of the Communards", "Death to the Civil War hero Vasily Bozhenko", "The Defense of Moscow", "Bukrinskii bridgehead" and others, some of which was lost in the war years. Shortly before his death, he selected 250 works executed in 1950, intending to burn them. Said his wife: do not want them then speculated. Pictures was later found upstairs in the studio, and the Ministry of Culture transferred them for storage in a museum, but without the right exposure.

Who knew Hlushchenko colleagues and friends say that he adhered strictly to the daily routine. And on weekdays and weekends at 9.00, was in the shop, at exactly 19.00 sit down at the dining table, go to bed at 22.00. Every Monday on the way to the studio came to say hello to the Ministry of Culture. In this case from the pocket of his tweed coat is always peeking latest issue of the newspaper "L'Humanite".


In the last years of his life Nikolai complained of a bad ear, but often used it during the bidding for the painting. When he was asked, for example, whether he would sell the canvas for 300 rubles, Glushchenko asked to repeat: "How much?" Over 500? Take. Today, each work is hand Glushchenko estimated at more than $ 5000, and early work in the style of impressionism are ten times more expensive.
 
Press Service of the Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine

Nicholas Glushchenko