Fake paintings of Van Gogh

[LCR]

fake Van Gogh paintings

Buying Japanese insurance magnate Yasuo Goto van gogovskih "Fourteen Sunflowers" for shareholders Christie's in 1987 for a record price of $ 40 million has caused a huge scandal.

Throughout his life, Van Gogh sold only one work, "Red Vineyard, for 400 francs. Pere Tanguy sold his "Irises" for 30 francs. Shortly after the death of his brother, Theo van Gogh, organized a retrospective of paintings by Vincent in his apartment in Montmartre. Critics, including Albert Ore and Octave Mirbeau, discovered the talent of the artist, but Theo, who went mad and died of syphilis a few months later, nothing is earned on the ever-increasing popularity of his brother. His wife Johanna inherited 550 paintings, several hundred pictures and the vast amount of unsigned and undated letters of the artist, with whom she had known for five days.

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The first collector of Van Gogh became Marchand Vollar Ambroise, who began to seek out and buy all the paintings donated by the artist for life. He bought the works of Van Gogh's family and Ruhlen's heirs Tang, but he could not buy a canvas, owned by Arthur Gustave Ravou, the owner of the tavern in Auvers-sur-Oise, who sold the portrait of his daughter Adeline and landscape "City Hall on July 14 "In 1890, U.S. buyers. In 1896 - between the exhibitions of Gauguin and Cezanne - Vollar organized the first exhibition of Van Gogh. In 1901 an exhibition at the Bernheim-Jeune, Jr., that caused the admiration of young hudlozhnikov - Matisse, Derain, Vlaminck ...

In 1905 was organized a large retrospective of Van Gogh Museum Stedelijk. In 1909, "Sunflowers" was sold in a Paris gallery Drouet for 35000 francs, and on 24 February "Pere Tanguy" reached at the auctioned price of 20,200 francs. It soon became clear that the search for lost works of Van Gogh - a very profitable business, and falsiikatory went to work. Already at the exhibition held in 1928, were exhibited half wet paintings van Gogh. Marchand Otto Wacker show 30 unknown works by the artist, supposedly comes from the collection of a mysterious Russian kollktsionera.

Jean-Baptiste de La Fall, author of the only to date the union catalog of Van Gogh, published a book on forged works of the artist. He pointed out that falsifmkatory choose a well-known stories, described by Van Gogh in his letters, or invent new models of his Paris period.

Claude-Emile Shuffeneker, a minor artist of the Pont-Aven, where he met Gauguin, became one of the first rigged the van Gogh. He was assisted by his brother Amede, broker and trader in the art, as well as critic and businessman paintings Julien Leclercq. First Shuffeneker retouching originals, and then he began to make copies of them, which his brother, and Johanna LeClair represented as originals, and asked her to exchange them for belonging to her originals. Thus, these copies were in the hands of the heirs, which contributed to the fact that the art market acknowledged their originals. It seems that the "Sunflowers" sold at Christie's Japanese art collector, director of the firm Yasuda, belong to the "Van Gogh" a more than dubious origin.

Probably one of the two versions of "Garden Dobbin" - "one of my favorite paintings - van Gogh wrote to his brother about this film, written shortly before his suicide, is a forgery. Letters to the artist shows that he wrote only one landscape of this park in Auvers. The painting, housed in Basel, on the lawn shows the cat on the other, located in Hiroshima, cat no. Critic Benoit Lande, who believes that the Basel fabric - fake, claims that Shuffeneker, which for some time had access to a picture stored in Japan, "corrected" her by removing her from the cat. He supports his opinion with a quotation from a letter Van Gogh, in which the artist refers to a cat in the picture, and even brings her picture. The widow of Theo believed forgers and agreed that Van Gogh wrote two versions of "Garden Dobbin."

In 1992, the "Garden at Auvers," brought to their owners (the family Walter), put it does not sell, to 200 million francs. 55 million of this amount was paid to the banker, Jean-Marc Verny, who became its new owner, and 145 million - by French taxpayers. The state has announced it is the product of a national treasure, to prohibit the export of its abroad, thus offsetting the family of Walter inadequate price at which the cloth was sold as a result of the prohibition of exportation. This frantszskaya administration believes that the state has got off lightly, because before this ban, experts evaluated the work of 320 million francs. In turn, bought her banker promised that after his death, she will become the property of the French state on account of payment of inheritance taxes.
But soon the picture attributed Shuffenekeru. In 1998, the heirs Verne put this picture up for auction, but buyers it was not. Administration of the Museums of France, which has had the opportunity to buy this work literally for pennies, abstained.

The fact that experts have found many strange details. The choice is almost vertical angle, no horizon line, is very unusual for Van Gogh. It is doubtful, and tight contours of oval flower beds, and the use puantellisticheskoy technology, which the artist has ceased to use for two years before the official inception of this picture. Some experts now tend to believe that Shuffeneker wrote this now, using belonged to his two works - "Garden Dobin" Van Gogh and "Memoirs of a garden at Etten" Gauguin.

The second version of the famous portrait of Dr. Gachet, which is stored in the Museum d'Orsay, which in the letters of the artist there is absolutely no mention, is very questionable authorship. Jean-Marie Tass, the critic in Le Figaro, which we are obliged to identify inconsistencies in the "Garden at Auvers, I am confident that this work is a fake, as well as the Van Gogh self-portrait from the collection of the Metropolitan in New York.

Tass and Lande also argue that sold at Christie's «Fourteen Sunflowers" is a mediocre copy, made Shuffenekerom on the basis of two works of Van Gogh, now kept in London and Amsterdam. Letters census of property, information about sold Johanna works - all confirm this hypothesis. Zhyudit Gerard, a young artist and one of Gauguin's girlfriend, testified that she saw as Shuffeneker took the picture of Van Gogh, which were painted sunflowers. The catalog La Fall stated that "Fourteen Sunflowers" belonged Shuffenekeru. This picture was not included in the first census was made by Johan. But Christie's, based on the research of art historians, published in recent years, tried to rewrite history and claimed that this picture is part of the inheritance of the artist.

Already in 1993, the Italian scholar Antonio de Robertis published a study in which he came to the conclusion that this work is written not by Van Gogh, and Shuffenekerom. But this view has gone unnoticed. Benoit Lande confirmed that the painting sold in London - nothing like a mediocre copy of the work from the collection of London Natsionalonoy Galleries, and that there exists at least a dozen obvious stylistic errors. At the same time, the Van Gogh Museum, which has expertise in this work, received from Mr. Goto as a gift to 102 million to build a new wing.

According to some experts, from seven hundred works attributed to Van Gogh, more than a hundred are fakes. In order to ascertain the authenticity of the collection, which inherited the Musée d'Orsay, the research laboratory at the museum administration French produced an analysis of eight paintings by Cezanne, eight paintings Int Gogh, eight copies of Dr. Gachet, his father and eleven copies of Blanche Derus.
Examination copies of "Modern Olympia" Gachet's father, which he borrowed from Cézanne at the time of execution copies, identified the quality of the counterfeiter of Dr. Gachet. Sravnitelnyy radiographic analysis of a sketch by Cezanne and copies made by Dr. Gachet, showed that the technique of Dr. Gachet was very primitive - he painted his model before the "paint" it - and quite different from the techniques of Cezanne, who once wrote on a canvas. X-rays revealed that Cezanne used only brushes, whereas we used Gachet and spatula. This examination revealed that copies of Dr. Gachet instantly identifiable.

Subject drugoggo studies were copies of works by Van Gogh painted Gachet commissioned artist Blanche Deruss to make an inventory of its own works of Van Gogh. This study found that, to achieve the effect of roughness and topography, Blanche Deruss rubbed and scratched the paper.

Paolo Kadorin, restorer of the Basel Museum, noticed that some paint on the canvases of Van Gogh withered. He noted that the edges of the work, protected from sunlight, windows, red paint is much brighter than in the open part of the paintings. Chemist Laboratories Museums of France, Jean-Paul Liu, came to the same conclusion by analyzing the picture of "Two Girls" and "Portrait of Doctor Gachet". Roses, written in the first of these works, very pale or completely disappeared, and purple colors were faded and became withered beige hue. On the second branch of the work that Dr. Gachet holds in his hand, blue, and the Van Gogh wrote to his brother that he wrote them in purple.

Chemical analysis of some of the pigments revealed that to make a special deep red color, Van Gogh used lacquer geraniums containing eosin. This feature, unfortunately, destroyed by light, is present in all works written in Auvers-sur-Oise between May and July 1890 Red paint in watercolors Blanche Deruss has not changed, which proves that Dr Gachet was not going to produce counterfeit, otherwise he would have ensured its kopiistku Blanche Deruss necessary materials, as he knew, what pigments are used Van Gogh.

Radiographic analysis also revealed that at the end of life, Van Gogh almost exclusively used the canvas asimmmetrichnogo weaving in the 12 x 18 threads per square centimeter. Son of Dr. Gachet, signed his copy of the pseudonym Louis van Rissel, used cardboard about 20 x 20 threads per square centimeter. He could also buy their materials from the supplier of Van Gogh, Tasso and Lot in Paris. However, there is no certainty that he knew where supplied negruntovanny canvas, which sent Theo. Other discoveries: after painting, Van Gogh, dried it, laying under the bed to the other canvases. Therefore, on the reverse side of some paintings traces of paint still not completely dried out paintings to which they were placed. Gachet was working in his attic, on the easel, and painting were drying in the same position. This proves that the hypothesis that the father and son forged Gachet, Van Gogh, is untrue.

[LCR]

This is a typical newspaper article - written clearly incompetent, biased, confusing, teeming with inaccuracies ... Now you know how I feel about the press
But anyway, I think, I wonder about the story, I did not know - or have forgotten, here, see:


«Sud-Ouest», 12.01.

Thirteenth December 2003 painting, titled "Pahari", attributed to Van Gogh and exhibited at the auction in the Porte (the Gironde region) with an initial price of EUR 2 million was withdrawn from the auction. Four potential buyers have already confirmed their intentions. But the concise review of Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, which challenged the authorship of the artist, was taken up by all the media and caused the cancellation of trades. French justice has refused to make a decision in this conflict, the owner of the picture with the Amsterdam museum, pleaded incompetent, so the owner decided to work to take the risk - the picture will be auctioned in the coming weeks.

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Positive results of examinations

Since that day in 1991 when he dug up this picture at a flea market in Montreuil ( a suburb of Paris - a half-savage, flea market, which sells weight of stolen goods, he does not like good-looking and very expensive - that it infested Nemeshaev fakes - "official" flea market in Klinyankure ), Pierre Lyamperer preferred to remain in the shadows - presumably out of fear that it has to be approaching all sorts of crooks. "I have always believed in this picture. I have nothing to lose. Now I will defend my picture "- says that fifty former bodyguard of one of the Paris museums. He left the capital and settled in the region of Bordeaux, where he lives modestly, carrying out various minor works.

He did a great documentary work. Everyone - the correspondence of Van Gogh, and inventory of his works, and polimetrologicheskoe study of pigments used, and physical-chemical analysis of the paint layer painting, and numerous examination by historians of art laboratories and well-known technical experts - confirms his hypothesis. There is no single element that would forbid take this picture, stored in a bank vault, one of 700 works by Van Gogh. Date of establishment of this oil on the board coincides with the period of the life of Van Gogh used dyes and binders are characteristic of his work. Signed "Vincent" is checked for damp and means of modern painting.

Number 276

In 2007, Pierre Lyamperer made the examination in the laboratory, equipped with optical instruments, able to enlighten the paint layer. This technique allows to identify the invisible parts. During the examination on the back of thoron "Plowman" tread the serial number in quotation marks, affixed with a pencil. "When designing an enlarged image of the numbers on the screen, clearly visible in the figures is the number for 276" - says Lyamperer - "perhaps that number is just the missing link, as it opened Benoit Lyande known but not universally recognized expert on Van -Gog.

What is the opening Lyande? He made a documentary analysis and found in one of the inventories of works of Van Gogh, the word "Pahari" numbered 276. Registers Marchand Tanguy and Durand-Ruelle, who works Van Gogh were deposited in 1890, after his suicide, also featured the inscription "panels". This is the last mention of this painting, after them - more than a century gap. Van Gogh Museum acknowledges that the picture, appearing at number 276, "can not be determined with precision. However, the museum's experts argued that the two other works of Van Gogh s can meet these "Plowman. Benoit Lyande not agree: the characters written in these two works are in American museums, did not plow and dig.

Laconic reviews

The painting, owned by Pierre nahodyascheayasya Lyamperera, belongs to the Dutch period Vah Gogh. It was written in 1883 or 1884 in the region of Drenthe, where the artist came to meet with farmers' field work. In his letters he often wrote that he wants to study the plows. He told me that oversees labor tillers. Soon, he sent his brother Theo in Paris parcel with three small panels and nine watercolors. Extra touch: digging in the archives of the Van Gogh Museum, Lyamperer found the preparatory drawings for the scene with laborers. They depict two horses' heads, quite similar to those depicted in the work of interest to us. Following the discovery of atomic number 276 Pierre Lyamperer turned into a museum with a request to make a comparative analysis of the handwriting of the rooms and other rooms, affixed in the preparation of the inventory Bongera. At this time the museum he simply did not answer. But within fifteen years, experts of the museum does not stint on the laconic, but always negative reviews - "a fake, made quite a clever artist," "too short and insufficiently strong smear" - the picture they saw in just one day.

Sell a painting of Van Gogh without the approval of the Amsterdam museum is difficult. At the same time, the museum object to his views were taken for examination, apparently for fear of lawsuits. On several occasions this museum was forced to remove paintings from the exhibition, which turned out false. Pierre Lyamperer also does not give up and insisted: "Everything fits together - color, brushstrokes, texture ... This picture painted Van Gogh! ". He fears that the museum might prevent the sale paintings: "Either they are not expressed, and therefore give tacit consent, or they must submit to the court, in which case they will have to respond in detail to my aogumenty, but that's about it, I failed asks them for many years. "

[Meister]

did not understand) he real or not? )

[Кирилл Сызранский]

Сообщение от LCR

to sell the painting of Van Gogh without the approval of the Amsterdam museum is difficult. At the same time, the museum object to his views were taken for examination, apparently out of fear of litigation

So who will buy, will assume that the present.

[Meister]

stremno he would buy if the price of the seller market has rolled out ...

[Станиславский]

Incidentally, I also have a fake Van Gogh

[papaveri]

Stanislavsky, you do not Van Gogh, and Van Gohg (on stretcher), Chinese, some probably ...)))

[LCR]

Not so long ago a book was published art historian Benoit Lande, has for many years in conflict with the experts of the Museum Van Gogh, Vincent Van Gogh before »(« Vincent avant Van Gogh, l'affaire Marijnissen », publishing house« les Impressions Nouvelles »). It tells you that it has asked for help a collector from Breda, the owner of a large number of paintings, which he considered the works of Van Gogh.

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Lande wrote that Van Gogh's mother, Anna Cornelia Kartentus Ven Gogh, absolutely not involved in the legacy of his svna after his death.
When in 1889 the family van Gogh moved from Breda, according to some sources, all of the legacy of the artist were packed in boxes and deposited with a local carpenter named Adrianus Shrauven. Sam Vincent Van Gogh lived at that time, first in Paris and then in Arles, and absolutely not interested in the fate of his early works.
After the death of Vincent and Theo having various difficulties with wills, and in the meantime been stored in Breda, had disappeared. Theo's widow Johanna Van Gogh - Bonger reminded of their existence only in 1904 after learning that Shrauven sold them for a symbolic one guilder junk dealer, whose name was Johannes Couvreur, and a little later, his son sold the same Johannes Couvreur several paintings of Van Gogh for 128 guilders - the name of Van Gogh began to become known.
Works depicting nudity, Couvreur destroyed, because his wife refused to keep host such obscene things. All the other works he sold for a penny. Total there were about 500 works: 60 canvases on stretcher, 150 canvases without a stretcher, 100 drawings pen and from one hundred to two hundred pictures with crayons.

Johanna Van Gogh - Bonger tried to buy out Couvreur these works, but to no avail. In the end, these works stood at Adrianus Marinissen, amateur artist and full-time employee of the tax service of the Netherlands.

In 1947, just at a time when the world expert on the art of tearing apart a quarrel over the attribution of paintings by Van Gogh, and when the trial falsifier Vermeer Van Meygerenom put experts in the most favorable light, Marinissen appealed to the Stedelijk Museum.

He reported that in his possession is more than 250 works of Van Gogh - drawings, watercolors, drawings - and the art historian Hans Jaffe. However, Jaffe was impressed by all the recent scandals associated with the emergence of the market of fake Van Gogh, originating from the collection of Proulx and a gallery of Otto Wacker (some of which have been authenticated as the most prominent experts of 30-ies. Who later had to abandon their opinions). All this led to what chrezvycheyno Jaffe took a cautious stance.

Director Stedelijk Wim Sandberg invited to see a specialist in counterfeiting Maurits von Danzig, that he looked up some work from the collection Marinisena.

Von Danzig said Marinissenu that the work of these highly likely to be painted by Van Gogh, but he has requested information and the origin of 237 works owned by Marinissen, and did so in a rather aggressive way.

In 1948, Marinissen unexpectedly received a letter from Von Danzig, in which he notified him that a large number of works submitted for examination could not be created by Van Gogh, and that the signatures on them, most likely false.

A critical role in the refusal to recognize the Stedelijk Museum, these works of Van Gogh's played by his nephew, his son brataTeo, whose name, like his uncle, Vincent Van Gogh: Museum staff feared that the recognition of their work included in the collection Marinissen, the originals would anger nephew and that he will take away from the museum, where they were in storage, works from his own collection.

Marinissan continued to fight for something to work from his collection were found to originals, and reproached premyannika Van Gogh that he blackmailed the experts of the museum. In addition, he argued that the nephew has demanded that Marinissen free to return the work of the family of Van Gogh.
Another 34 years Jaffe acknowledged that the number before it works from the collection Marinisena, was a series of original Van Gogh.

Collection Marinissen was forgotten until 1978 when a German psychiatrist and amateur eivopisi Dr. Georg Klussman takers.
He tried to get the authentication of these works and in 1983 met with Jaffe, who once admitted that there were many collections of original Van Gogh, but that the leaders of the Stedelijk Museum, bad knowing the early period of Van Gogh, they preferred not to comment on their authenticity.

Klussman wrote a book about this collection, but to continue his studies, he was unable - in 1996 g.on died at the age of 44, several months after the most Marinissen, sold before the death of his collection.

In any case, the Van Gogh museum, created at the initiative of his nephew, refused to recognize those working at the same time not abandoning the idea to put them in the case of the hand.

Sam Lande absolutely convinced that a work of art Marinissen is an original Van Gogh.

[K-Maler]

Сообщение от LCR

Success with her cat. He supports his opinion with a quotation from a letter Van Gogh, in which the artist refers to a cat in the picture, and even brings her picture.

Van Gogh's version is more like a cat: there is also a hive is described as something with "sumashedshinkoy, he somehow suddenly rolled down the left and large bushes just like dark painted into the frame. A cat, he penciled in a late order, perhaps to counterbalance the upper horizontal line, because he still studied and a sense of composition he had. Where "no cats" bush, no ...