Nicholas Roerich (1874 - 1947)

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value Izvara in life and work of NK Roerich

At the beginning of the XXI century, when the inevitable summarizes the historical path traversed by the Russian and world culture - the personality, creativity and multi-faceted cultural and social activities, the scope of artistic, literary and scientific works, NK Roerich - represent a truly unique phenomenon.

At the same time remains completely unknown to fans, NK Roerich, as well as for lovers of culture in general, meaning in life and work of the artist Izvara - parents of Nicholas Roerich's estate, which was associated with 26 years of his life, the most vivid impressions of childhood and youth, laying the foundations of vision and creativity. Internal communication with the Nicholas Roerich Izvara not broken until the end of his life. This is evidenced by the diary of the artist lists, articles, and letters.

"All special, all nice and memorable due to the summer months in Izvara" - wrote NK Roerich.

Izvara for Nicholas Roerich - a "nest" parents' home, the happy world of childhood and adolescence. His love for her and thousands of memories and associations that are imbued with "lists of the diary," the artist makes an invaluable monument Izvara Russian culture.

"Two years was not, and memos contacted Izvara, with a wooded estate in ... forty miles from the town of Gatchina ..." - Nicholas Roerich wrote in the diary sheet, "The very first thing." There are several versions of the origin of the name Manor - Izvara. The name translates as "iso" - "big", "vaara" - "mountain", ie big mountain, or "iso (n) vaara" - "father mountain" or "mountain of the father" (Finnish) Tie it with a lot of mounds in the vicinity of the estate.

Sam NK Roerich believed that the name of the estate has Indian roots: "... from the Hindu word Isvara," - he wrote. (Ishvara - God, the Almighty (Sanskrit))

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Nature and the old surrounded by Nicholas Roerich Izvara during childhood and adolescence, it is here that created "special storage life," as defined the process itself, NK Roerich, evidenced by the excellent article "On the Nature", written by Roerich in 1901, shortly after the sale of the estate. In it he examines the innate desire of the first man to nature as "the only way of life":

"All of us drove in nature: the spiritual consciousness, and aesthetic requirements, and our bodies ...."

Laws of the universe opened up for the young in Roerich Izvara: "Life is a spiral in its culture faithfully brings us to the primary source of everything."

Not just a love of nature, but also the desire to explore the world around us must Roerich Izvara. He gathers the herbarium, a collection of minerals, the age of 13 receives from local government certificate for collection of eggs throughout the year in state forest cottages province with a scientific purpose, the result is a work: "The division of the birds of St. Petersburg Province in subclasses, schedules, squads , the family, "wrote the stories for the magazine" Russian hunter, "the essay" Hunting in the Tsar's County, "which detailed the nature and the world" Izvarskoy timber cottages. " An important result of the drag hunt was that Nicholas Roerich tempered, he became resilient. This is largely determined the success of the expeditions, which he later made in Asia.
It was here in Izvara, began dating Roerich with native history.

"In our izvarskoy library was a series of booklets about the old times how has to be Russian land. From his earliest years, from the beginning letters of loved these stories "- Roerich wrote. "There was about Battle of the Ice, and about Olga from Drevlyane, and about Yaroslav, and about Boris and Gleb ... Of course, there was also a battle of Kalka, and retelling," Lay, "and was Kulikovo, and Parting Sergius - Relight and Oslyabya. There were Minin with Pozharsky was Peter, and Suvorov, Kutuzov and ... On the cover was a Russian hero ax kicking against a ring of enemies. All this is remembered, and wanted to say, looking at this picture: "Do not Zamay!"

So in recognition of greatness Izvara born country, a desire to protect her feelings of love and compassion, "as the new gratuitous insult made the Russian people ..." And the invincible optimism born at the same time: "... did not help the Russian people who offended all kusatelstvo ... bounced different pests and oppressors and the Russian people in their boundless virgin vyorival new treasures. This, the ...

Familiarity with the history, many legends and stories that have kept people inhabiting izvarskuyu land rich in ancient monuments, naturally aroused a curious boy interested in archeology.

"About Izvara almost every village had extensive burial field from the X century to XIV. From an early age felt drawn to this unusual strange mounds, which were always entertaining, metal ancient things. "

It seemed as if fate itself had helped him. Ivanovo-known archaeologist at this time produced a local excavation mounds: "... it is all the more reinforced the desire to learn these old places closer." So, as a child, Nicholas Roerich began to participate in archaeological excavations under the guidance of an experienced archaeologist. The first finds young Roerich gives the high school, "throughout the second half of each summer school revealed something very exciting."

The ancient history of the earth woke izvarskoy imagination:

"Some mounds interwoven ancient legends. At night, there were afraid to pass. It's exciting silent burial field, hundreds of mounds obugrivshiesya. "

Thus, the land itself Izvara helped him in understanding the origins of the great Russian culture.

Archaeology - becoming one of the favorite pastimes of Roerich, in 1896 he began working with the Imperial Russian Archaeological Society, in 1897 becoming a member, staff member, giving lectures, conducting with the students visiting tours, archaeological digs have already engaged in a professional, making discovery. Until the end of his life he considered a very important science of archeology in the process of comprehension of the cultural history of mankind. In a landmark paper for him "Half a Century" Roerich wrote memorable words:

"Also, thank you, izvarskie mounds Nothing ... and in no way closer to the feeling as the ancient world, as a hand-excavation and touching, it is the first direct contact to the subject of great antiquity ... When these items are especially close with the historical image that somehow samosilno entered and settled in the mind, then things get even closer, and never forcefully ».

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Through the image of the artist Izvara comprehended in childhood and adolescence image of Old Russia with many influences from different cultures. Significantly, it is in Izvara, in an old manor house for the first time I saw NK Roerich's childhood image of the sacred Himalayan peaks of Kanchenjunga in the picture. With India linked the name from the Hindu Ishvara - God, the Almighty, the family kept the tradition of the Indian rajah, who lived not far from Izvara in Yablonitsa, under Catherine II. Reflections on the roots of the Slavic culture leads to the assumption that the interaction of cultures, the influence of East Indian culture to the Russian. Later in the article "Indian way", he formulates the problem of knowledge of Indian culture as a cultural and spiritual need of Russian people.

At the end of life in India, the Himalayas, Nicholas Roerich wrote in a letter to the IE Grabar:

"Do not Have you heard about a curious circumstance? Ten miles from our former estate "Izvara" ... was just "Yablonitsa" - it has lived under Catherine the Hindu raja. The speaker told me that he saw the remains of Mogul'skii park. Late Tagore was very interested in it and even asked whether there are any local memories ... Sometimes looking away, and it is very close.

If you look closely, many Russian visited in India and Hindus in Russia ... Well, all there! "

In 1893, Roerich entered the law faculty of St. Petersburg University and the Academy of Fine Arts.

Izvara become a favorite place of the young artist, his studio:

"1896. Academy of Arts. Already formed Suite "Slavs." Conceived "Messenger. Genus arose in kind, "and" Elders "and" Walkabout "and" Build a City "opens the treasure ... Stasov Public Library. In the old hen house of Izvara converted shop. Collected wolf and lynx furs. Need to Slavs and weapons. At a roadside blacksmith blacksmith forges blackened sword, true, iron, a hair's breadth as we found in the mounds ... "

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The fact that it was born in Izvara thought about the historical fate of "the peoples of the vastness of Russian," was born a citizen of his country's position indicate primarily paintings. In Izvara written: "Yaroslavna's Lament," "Svyatopolk Accursed", "Pskov", "Pushkari", "Veche", etc. Thinks and embodied "Slavic Suite," "Evening bogatyrstva Kiev" (1895-1896) - about as haughty heroes, rebelled against the celestial forces - the Higher World, against God and turned to stone. "Messenger" (1897) - about the lurch differences between feuding Slavic tribes, "Elders" (1898), "Trek" (1899). These early works - clear evidence of deep thinking about the causes of defeat and adversity, which upset the Russian people many times, thinking about the future. Here's how he wrote about these paintings, the artist himself later in the article "The Great Russian people" (1940): "Messenger of the uprising drove a canoe for forty three years ago. Then the Elders - narodopravny advice. The next year was going to mount a campaign for his country. Finally, they built a city. And the construction of the great Russian people bow.

Been waiting for so and so in sight I saw. "Elders" were accompanied by legends. Ended it like this:
"The elders of land Novagoroda
Come together under a tree of spreading,
Raven croaks on oak does not.
Dawn engaged for forests.
Shine, gleam Red Sun,
And our Russian land wakes up. "

Absorbed with the air of this ancient land of the images of nature, a great past, full of faith in the great future as well as its people, the artist embodies them in their historical landscape.

"Knights woke up" is now being written. Dedicated to the great Russian people. Once composed an epic "How the heroes were transferred to Russia," but at the same time believed that they wake up in the predestined hour will come out of the mountains, the caves and will make the construction of national ... Great Russian people there is nothing scary. All Win: and ice and heat, and smooth, and a thunderstorm. And it will build to a miracle ... "(June 24, 1940).

With Izvara bound and another significant aspect of family tradition, was of great importance for the formation of the artist world.

"From our family chronicle recall two episodes of general importance. About our estate about 55 years ago, before the church was burned during Lent. Such a calamity threatened throughout the district to meet without the Temple and Holy Week, and the light of Christ Celebration. Not to leave the locals without this spiritual joy, my father came to the aid of widely: one donated from the estate of buildings with the surrounding land, and within six weeks of toil building was transformed into a temple. Beamed tower, ripe iconostasis, and on Palm Sunday was rising and the consecration of the cross ... "

The second episode refers to the time of Peter the Great: great-great-grandfather, NK Roerich has refused to destroy a suburban church during the war "in his deep religiosity."

"Obviously, on the family tradition and I had to - writes Roerich - often have trouble in the case of Health and antiquities hramostroeniya».

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I should add that the active participation of the artist's father, KF Roerich in the building of a temple near Izvara recorded in the Statistical Report and the St. Petersburg diocese. Other documents from the archive and complement the story. Among the legends, Roerich recorded in the area, there was mention that the place for the church in the village chose Gryzovo he himself Peter I, after one of the battles, placing a wooden cross. After the fire it was decided to build on the same site a new, stone church. Roerich granted permission to conduct archaeological excavations during construction. Their results were very interesting. At the base of the temple was indeed found a large ancient cross, but not wood and stone, with two round holes. Roerich describes in detail sketches and discovery. The origin of this cross is still unknown, on the ground, where it was found there, at the base of the temple, he still keeps his secret ... His drawings also depicted the church and its priest.

Growing up in a family with deep religious traditions, Roerich took them too deeply since childhood. The documents tell us that the springs were blessed izvarskie during Epiphany, the priest invited the mother of Nicholas Roerich, Maria. Thanks to them, Roerich from early childhood had the opportunity to chat with John of Kronstadt, who was the spiritual father of Mary Vasilyevna. Even during his lifetime, Fr John was famous by many miracles and healings. In the story left a lot of evidence, as to him for help addressed the people of other faiths. Father John will one day Nicholas Roerich his parting words: "No pain! We'll have a lot of work for the motherland. "

So love, knowledge and art, the worship of the supreme principle of life joined in the minds of NK Roerich in the process of understanding the world in childhood and adolescence, in Izvara.

Life leads to the understanding of synthesis of religion, science and art as the great principle of Culture, the principle of a new era, a forerunner of which was destined to become NK Roerich.

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On the final exhibition at the Art Academy painting "Messenger" was acquired by Tretyakov. The name of Nicholas Roerich became known. His essays printed in newspapers and magazines, the paintings speak, argue, it continues to operate as a recognized scholar and archaeologist, he was invited to cooperate in the Society for the Encouragement of Arts. But in 1900 his father died ...

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Estate in Izvara sold. The money from the sale of Roerich went to France. Learn ...

A new stage of life. Continuation and development of what is born in Izvara.

Youth, a thirst for perfection, the desire to prove their right to choose is a way of life, meeting with Helena Shaposhnikova and marriage - eased the pain of parting with Izvara "nest." Besides, he remained until in Russia in St. Petersburg, very close. There is mention of the fact that Nicholas Roerich brought his sons to Izvara, showing their places of origin.

It was only in 1918, came the moment of farewell, when the circumstances were Roerich in Finland, which became an independent state, which means overseas ...

Was coming hard way, which is scheduled heart, separation from the motherland ... And then, in verse, he says his farewell Izvara:
I was ready to go on the road.
All that was mine, I have left.
You take it, my friends ...
But once, once more
Last I'll go all that
left behind.
NK Roerich. 1918

Of course, in the process of Nicholas Roerich as individuals mattered much. The influence of parents and relatives, school KI May the friends of his father, who included historians, orientalists, scholars and artists, and much more.

But note that it is with Izvara, which combined many aspects of this process in the Nicholas Roerich was connected "all the features, all sweet and memorable."

That Izvara helped to understand, to feel my heart is the only path that leads to the heights of the Spirit, who commanded us to Nicholas Roerich, in his "Testament":

«Love the motherland. Love the Russian people. Love all people in all the vastness of our country. Let this love to teach and to love all mankind. To love the motherland, it is necessary to know it ... »

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In St. Petersburg, will discuss the "Roerich Heritage»

This Sunday marks 137 years since the birth of an outstanding cultural figure of Nicholas Roerich. In honor of this Museum and Institute of the Roerich family in St. Petersburg produced a rich cultural program.

The main event in a series of commemorative events will be the XI International Scientific and Practical Conference "Roerich Heritage", which will be held from October 8 to 10. The Conference will take place not only in the museum, but also in Saint-Petersburg State University and the Hermitage. The Conference is dedicated to the 180th anniversary of the birth of Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, the 100th anniversary of the birth of Natalia Spirina and Pavel Fedorovich Belikov. The main theme of the scientific forum - "Lev. Their predecessors, employees, successors. " It is assumed that the leading experts to discuss the relevance of the Roerich heritage, challenges and prospects for its conservation.

The conference will be opened at the St. Petersburg Museum of Art exhibition "The staff and the followers of Roerich. Portraits from the Museum Nicholas Roerich Museum in New York, Museum-Institute of the Roerich family in St. Petersburg and private collections ", dedicated teachers, friends, staff and students Roerich. "The exhibition introduces the people who work and create together with your family Roerich at different stages of their activities, and creates an image of" samonuzhneyshego community ", - says the project's organizers. On display will be presented to the rare documents and photographs.

October 10 at the Hall of the Council of State Hermitage held a ceremony awarding them. Roerich. Among the winners this year - a children's writer and poet Alexei Shevchenko, Eugene rerihoved Matochkin, chief district Kohtla Etty Kagarov and pediatric surgeon Leonid Roshal. The main task of award, established in the year of the 300th anniversary of St. Petersburg - the identification of samples of high service to human culture and society.

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The Hermitage was given the name of Nicholas Roerich Prize


A memorable diploma, a medal winner, the prize money and universal recognition involves Award Nicholas Roerich. Her hand over the brightest representatives of world culture, domestic and foreign leaders.
The eighth annual award ceremony held today in St. Petersburg, in the Hall of the Council of State Hermitage Museum.

International prize this time honored four nominees. In the category of "Creating a cultural image of the country in the world" prize was awarded to Leonid Roshal (Moscow). Pediatric surgeon, doctor of medical sciences, professor, President of the "National Medical Chamber, Judge," World Health Organization. In 1988, he participated in the rescue of children affected by the earthquake in Armenia. In 1990 - became chairman of the International Committee of the Children in catastrophes and wars. Helping children who have suffered during the revolution in Romania, war in Iraq, Yugoslavia, the Palestinian Authority, and Chechnya, as well as during an earthquake in Japan, Egypt, Afghanistan, Turkey and India. He negotiated with the terrorists during the terrorist attack on the Nord-Ost and Beslan.

In reply, Leonid Roshal said: "Roerich - is a huge world, complex, but sometimes naive. Roerich for me - it's a great admiration for the man, a humanist, who was looking for, which had plans for the plans. In all he had the idea to bring people together and resist all that bad, that is in the world. I am particularly honored to receive the award of Roerich, I think that this award is now necessary to work out and win. "

Roerich Prize laureate in the category "Education and Enlightenment" was a children's writer, poet, novelist, educator and Petersburger Alexei Shevchenko. A member of the Writers' Union, the author of twenty-eight books for children, prize-winner. SY Marshak for the best poetry book for children. On his patter, jokes, poems, riddles grew more than one generation of readers of magazines of famous "Murzilka," "Fire", "Czyz and hedgehog." In movies and on television, he played more than thirty major and bit parts in Sokurov, Maslennikov, V. Khotinenko etc. It was he who played the role of Nicholas Roerich Museum in kulturovedcheskoy program "Word and Deed" on TV channel "Culture".

Award in the category "Conservation of Cultural Property and peacekeeping" gained Kagarov Ettie (d. Jarve, Estonia). Elder Parish Kohtla manages a territory on which the most important sights of Estonia. It vnela huge contribution to the renovation of the estate and the creation there Kukruze institutions "Polar Kukruze Manor." Now there is a museum, the exhibition is devoted to the history of the former owners - the polar explorer of world renown to Baron Eduard von Toll. He praised and tied race for his studies of Russia and Estonia.

The award for "Preservation of the Roerich heritage" handed Eugene Matochkin (Novosibirsk, Russia). Doctor of Fine Arts, senior research associate at the National Museum of the Altai Republic behalf AV Anokhin, author of many books and fine art articles, rerihoved many years studying the creative heritage of Nicholas Roerich and has written several books on the subject. Total has published over 200 papers. August 18, 1981 marking the 80th anniversary of the famous orientalist JN Roerich's ascent to the unnamed peak.

To become the winner of the International Prize named Nicholas Roerich can be no more than once in my life. Therefore, such is the honor codes. During the eight years of award winners were Michael Piotrowski, Lyudmila Verbitskaya, Valery Gergiev, Mstislav Rostropovich, Valentina Matvienko, and many others less known to the general public, but no less deserving people.

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