Antique Carpets

[Евгений]

[Кирилл Сызранский]

[Самвел]

[Евгений]

Just the story .....
 J. Zedgenidze: "Manufacture of carpets and rugs, SMOMPK, vol. XI,-Tiflis, 1891
---------------------------------------
".... The traditional carpet-Karabakh has several features that distinguish it from the other The carpet of schools of the country. First of all, the Karabakh carpets stand the patterns of dominance in their plant elements.
Craftswomen Carpet tried in a stylized form of transfer to his creations beauty drop-down in front of them landscapes Karabakh nature, the infinite richness of its flora, the charm of each flower, bud, each petal.
Karabakh carpet highlights the fact that the products of urban weavers differ in quantity and quality of carpets woven in the countryside ......

Читать дальше... 

According to contemporary accounts, the population of Shusha almost entirely engaged in carpet weaving.
Manufacture of carpets in Karabakh developed on the basis of exceptionally rich source of raw materials and the ancient history of the craft tradition. In terms of availability required for the development of this kind of craft local wool and natural vegetable dyes, nature has provided to the population of Karabakh inexhaustible possibilities.
In carpet weaving is traditionally used long-fiber wool ostrizhki spring, called "yapagy.
Carpet weaving has been home type of production, not requiring any additional shops or workshops. In every home women have a separate sitting area, where the rarest and created works of decorative art. Other family members, free from commercial and domestic work time, could also be involved at some stage of carpet manufacture .........

Men involved in clipping the spring of wool or purchase eylagah (summer pastures), and women accounted for washing hair, drying, combing, spinning, dyeing, and, finally, the production of carpets and rugs. Even the thread for cloth ("elm") is often painted themselves weavers. Highly prized in carpet making paints, dyes derived from plant (pomegranate, orange, sumac, tarragon, madder, red or black sandalwood, apple peel, plum, plum, walnut, oak). Synthetic dyes, so-called "Johar" or "Amalie", cost less, the quality was lower, as quickly faded.

Development carpet promoted traditional family life, because in the old urban and rural population ate, slept, do my homework, during their leisure time mostly on the floor with a patchwork rug or carpet.
Unlike rural carpet, Shusha this kind of studies carried craft nature and rose to the level of the market. So here the principal place occupied by the production of carpets so-called "colonies", ie the market. Very rare urban weavers wove rugs to order. In these cases, mainly produced carpet kits ("Dest-challah).
From the above facts, it follows that in Shusha, in contrast to the rural areas, artisanal carpet had two forms - market small-scale manufacture and handicrafts in order.

Given the great need for rural residents in woven fabrics: large bags (sacks), and hurdzhunah Heib - saddlebags, mafrashah (carpet chests), horses, horse blankets (stockings), cushion the saddle (Ghajar), lassoes, sidzhimah , ushulah, leggings, rural weavers paid a lot of time producing this particular product.

In cities only wove carpets and rugs. In accordance with this urban weavers to meet the requirements of the market, improved weaving technology, improved arrangement of patterns, pay special attention to color, brightness and beauty products. Therefore, carpets in Shusha surpassed rural quality, fine workmanship and cost many times more expensive.

According to experts, Shusha carpets both in size and quality ranked first not only in Karabakh, but also the entire Caucasus. Manufacture of carpets, except of Shusha and the surrounding villages, was widespread in the Djebrail and Zangezur counties. But their products in the elegance greatly inferior to Shusha. From a technological point of view, the traditional carpet industry in Karabakh was divided into two main groups: the production of pile (with nodes) and napless (Palace) product. Pile carpets were divided into ornamental and plot.
In Karabakh historically woven as ornamental as well as story rugs, although the advantage was given to the ornamental carpets. Karabakh ornamental rugs by size, shape and purpose shared by Next Arrow Group:
Hala - the largest in size variation of traditional rugs are often woven in the carpet sets. Because challah basically was making on the floor, the size of these rugs are usually corresponded to the area of the room. Its length ranged from 4.5 to 6 and sometimes 7 feet and the width reaches up to 2 feet.

If the challah wove in a set, then added to it more narrow (to 1 or 1.5 feet) in length equal to the length of the challah, the so-called "yang" or "Canary" - ie, sidewall, which hung on both sides of challah. Besides them, the kit includes a narrow (width of 1 yard) in length equal to the width of the central carpet and sidewalls - kyallyalik ("serendaz) - warhead, and sometimes" ayaglyk ("payandaz) - lower part the same size.

Carpets "Deste challah" not only on the complex structure, but also on technological and artistic qualities are considered the pearl of the Karabakh carpet.

Hebe - carpets challah is somewhat shorter, but wider than it had been widely distributed in Karabakh. Hebe would spread mainly on the floor, but sometimes they covered couch. Often, to decorate the interior rooms Hebe hung on the wall. The average variation Hebe length of 3 feet and a width of 1.5 feet was called "tahtustu" - it was covered with wooden beds (they had in their homes only to wealthy part of the population).

Dzhanamaz - a special prayer rug for prayer, had a length of 1.25 inches, and width - 0,75 feet. An important feature of "dzhanamaza" was that the basis of its decoration were religious motives - "Mehrabi (altar, indicating the direction to Mecca). That is why dzhanamazy often called "Mehrabi.
Ghajar - variety of carpet products, designed to cushion the saddle. Ghajar has an oval shape, its edges were decorated with braided fringe.
Chul - variety of carpet products for horses, noble people, the front part of which ended with a pair of wings. Chul thrown over the horse in cold weather or after a long journey. Sometimes stockings made and for the camels. For compositions of patterns Karabakh ornamental carpets were divided into two typological groups - "honchasyz" and "honchaly", ie with a medallion pattern, and without them.

Some species of more ancient bezmedalonnyh carpets have survived to this day. The most typical pattern of this species "Goja" ("elder"), "Bahchada gyullyar" ("Flowers in the Garden)" Sahsyda gyullyar "(" Flowers in a china vase ")," Nalbeki Gul "(" Flower saucer ")," Balyg "(" Fish ")," Bout "(Badam buta -" almond buta "," Shabalyd buta - "Chestnut buta", "Talish rubble" - "Talish rubble", "Literature buta -" Bout Nakhchivan '),' Khan Tirmya ("Khan fabric"). As an example of a typical sample Karabakh carpet can be woven lead at the end of XVI - early XVII century carpet Goja. Currently, this distinctive and elegant carpet, decorated with delicate patterns based on the lilies (zanbag "), filed in the New York Museum of the Metropolitan.

Among the traditional carpets bezmedalonnyh most widespread was the ancient pattern "Balyg. Although the main place among the elements of this variety is a stylized fish, attract attention and ornamental features of this pattern in the central part, called "gel", consisting of floral motifs, the main of which are the images of lilies and roses.

Woven in Karabakh in 1811 the carpet with stylized pattern in the form of fish stored at present in Georgia - the Museum of Applied Arts of Georgia. Stored in the Azerbaijan State Museum of Arts. R. Mustafayev and the Museum of Azerbaijan Carpet samples "Sahsyda gyullyar" and "Bahchada gyullyar" are considered masterpieces of the Karabakh weavers. Have survived the Karabakh carpets with the song "Bout". The basis of the carpet of this type are totally drawings with the motives of "buta" (Butt - a symbolic stylized image of fire).

Special group consists of a medallion carpets Karabakh. The most striking examples can be considered as carpets "Darya-nur", "Hanlyg", "Garabag", "Çelebi", "Malybeyli", "Gasymushagy.

In the past, the Karabakh weavers also produce plot carpets. The traditions of carpet weaving plot remained in Karabakh until the beginning of XX century. Carpets, with the subjects' Yousif and Zuleikha "," Rustam and Zohrab, "" Atly-itli "," Itli-pishikli "testified on the technical excellence and high level of Karabakh carpet.

In Karabakh can be seen as all kinds of typological napless carpet items: Zealley Verney, sumac, Sheedi, kilims, rugs, mafrashy, hurdzhuny (saddlebags). Unlike conventional carpets, are created different varieties of patterned kilim, decorated with floral ornaments: "Gyulvengli", "Dzhabrailly", "Lemp".

According to technological, artistic and visual qualities of the Karabakh carpets have always stood out among the similar products manufactured not only in other regions of the Caucasus, but also in the Middle East. Therefore, from the end of the XIX century the rarest species of Karabakh carpets were exported in Istanbul, St. Petersburg, Pyatigorsk and other cities in the world.

In the rapid development of carpet weaving in Shusha and surrounding villages has influenced arising in foreign countries in the years 1879-1880 a great interest in carpets with old patterns. That is why the Karabakh carpets were in Europe and America, are stored in well-known museums of the world.

Добавлено через 26 минут
The idea and style of Armenian carpets are closely intertwined with the Armenian-Christian faith, and probably has its roots in the days of shamanism, when people first began to depict the symbols of God's protection, fortune, glory, sacrifice, fathers, etc. in their robes of skins of wild animals. With the invention of weaving, it's all seamlessly transferred to the fabric. Sacred (divine, solar, astral and other) characters and ornaments depicted equally on clothes and on rugs, but rugs differed acutely. Since ancient times it was believed that, hanging on the wall in the house carpet with sacred signs, protect the family, gave the success and prosperity. Of course, that these carpets are not drifted to the floor or on a table. The rugs and tablecloths, though, and could also have some protective and lucky signs, but had no character of God, the ancestors, light, etc., since such a character to walk or eat with them would be sacrilege. Importantly, the carpets were hung not on every wall, and on the "Home", which in ancient times were hung as weapons, and later - portraits and photographs of their ancestors.
 The most common symbols of Armenian carpets are symbols of God, who in the old Armenian faith is often equated with light, and then with the sun and stars. This symbol - the cross and the cross-shaped marks (including a swastika and mnogokonechnye stars).

Читать дальше... 

Another common sign is vishaps - a dragon. Vishaps not always as evil. In the Armenian faith in general, there was no concept of absolute evil. Vishaps embodied only element which could be bad, but they could be good. There is a separate subspecies of Armenian carpets - vishapagorg, ie "Drakonokovry, carpets depicting dragons. Of course, the dragon is depicted symbolically - as a kind centipedes. The main purpose of the cult vishapagorga was likely to protect the house and scaring malevolent forces.
It is important not to confuse vishaps with images of another sacred sign - the world tree, sacred center of the world. World Tree fairly common theme in the religions of different peoples: the sacred ash from the Vikings, the symbol of an oak Slavs, the world tree of the Babylonians and Assyrians, Jews and minor.
At the Armenian carpets are also many other symbols and ornaments. Some images are episodic, ie, can "tell" about certain events that occurred in the past - hunting scenes, battles ...
In the tradition of carpet weaving Armenia and neighboring nations there is mutual influence and enrichment.
(Gallery ENSI)

1.Armyansky carpet. 1913.
2.Armyansky carpet. 1900.

[Евгений]

The idea and style of Armenian carpets are closely intertwined with the Armenian-Christian faith, and probably has its roots in the days of shamanism, when people first began to depict the symbols of God's protection, fortune, glory, sacrifice, fathers, etc. in their robes of skins of wild animals. With the invention of weaving, it's all seamlessly transferred to the fabric. Sacred (divine, solar, astral and other) characters and ornaments depicted equally on clothes and on rugs, but rugs differed acutely. Since ancient times it was believed that, hanging on the wall in the house carpet with sacred signs, protect the family, gave the success and prosperity. Of course, that these carpets are not drifted to the floor or on a table. The rugs and tablecloths, though, and could also have some protective and lucky signs, but had no character of God, the ancestors, light, etc., since such a character to walk or eat with them would be sacrilege. Importantly, the carpets were hung not on every wall, and on the "Home", which in ancient times were hung as weapons, and later - portraits and photographs of their ancestors.
 The most common symbols of Armenian carpets are symbols of God, who in the old Armenian faith is often equated with light, and then with the sun and stars. This symbol - the cross and the cross-shaped marks (including a swastika and mnogokonechnye stars).

Читать дальше... 

Another common sign is vishaps - a dragon. Vishaps not always as evil. In the Armenian faith in general, there was no concept of absolute evil. Vishaps embodied only element which could be bad, but they could be good. There is a separate subspecies of Armenian carpets - vishapagorg, ie "Drakonokovry, carpets depicting dragons. Of course, the dragon is depicted symbolically - as a kind centipedes. The main purpose of the cult vishapagorga was likely to protect the house and scaring malevolent forces.
It is important not to confuse vishaps with images of another sacred sign - the world tree, sacred center of the world. World Tree fairly common theme in the religions of different peoples: the sacred ash from the Vikings, the symbol of an oak Slavs, the world tree of the Babylonians and Assyrians, Jews and minor.
At the Armenian carpets are also many other symbols and ornaments. Some images are episodic, ie, can "tell" about certain events that occurred in the past - hunting scenes, battles ...
In the tradition of carpet weaving Armenia and neighboring nations there is mutual influence and enrichment.
(Gallery ENSI)

1.Armyansky carpet. 1913.
2.Armyansky carpet. 1900.

[Самвел]

This palace, I brought with me, size 3,2 x1, 5, condition is very good.

[Кирилл Сызранский]

[Самвел]

[Кирилл Сызранский]

[Евгений]

Сообщение от Samvel

This palace, I brought with me, size 3,2 x1, 5,

Palace not old .. Maybe, before the war, but no more ..

Added after 2 minutes

Сообщение от Cyril Syzranskiy

one half burnt in the sun (but possible?);
2. cleaned up to half.

They do a different color hair .. This may Thought carpet was .. Half mother wove, second daughter ... and it happens.