Franz Marc (1880-1916)

[LCR]

Mark was born in Munich. His father was a teacher and landscape painter.
He hesitated in choosing profession: before you decide to become an artist, he thought to do philosophy, or go to the pastors.

In 1905 he entered the Munich Academy of Fine Arts, but he was there crowded and stuffy, so he soon left her. These date from the time of his first Animalistic work - precisely the image of animals, Mark expressed his admiration for the primeval forces of nature, namely, in them he found beauty, goodness, purity and authenticity, it is in them, he expresses his personal pantheism.

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In 1907 he went to Paris and opened it for themselves Van Gogh and Gauguin. Influenced by these artists of his palette brightened, he began to use pure colors. Returning home, he met August Macke, who helped him to establish numerous contacts with the artists. In 1910 he settled in Indersdorf, not far from Dachau. Macke introduced him and collector Bernard K1lerom (Uncle Mac's wife), who liked the work of Mark, and who offered to pay him a small monthly allowance - which has decided to make the financial problems, who lived in poverty.
In 1911, he met Wassily Kandinsky, and together they founded the "Blue rider". By this time he fully otkazalsyaya to work with nature. His coloring stanovilsyaya more subjective. This year was also the beginning of work, which depicts the blue horse (who gave nazvanievysheukazannoy grouping of avant-garde). In 1912, under the influence of the exhibition devoted to Italian Futurism, and the works of Robert Delaunay, he became interested in abstraction. The first completely abstract his work is dated 1913

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It should be noted that along with the Mac, and Feininger, Mark was an artist, the most open of all the avant-garde trends of his time. His work absorbed the principles of Expressionism, Futurism and Cubism. Color in the works of Mark's symbolic: the blue represents masculinity, it combines the rigor and spirituality, yellow - the female principle, it connects spirituality and krotkost, red - the color of violence, which opposed the blue and yellow.

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In 1914 he was mobilized. At the front, he continued to work - doing abstract drawings in a small album. In 1916, at age 36, he was killed by a shell splinter, had fallen into his head, married, not far from Verdun. Dying, he remains confident: "Art is paving another path that leads to eternal life" (from his book "One Hundred davdtsat a letter from the front," in which, on the one hand, he describes the wanderings of Lieutenant Mark of Alsace and Lorraine, and from other - in the form of aphorisms, searching in Religion Brand-artist).
Another artist who has not said anything that could.

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Despite the fact that the artist was no longer alive, in 1937, his works were included by the Nazis in the exhibits degenerative art. About 130 of his works were confiscated from German museums.

Combined catalog of works of Mark in three volumes (authors: Dr. Annegret Hoberg and Isabelle Jansen) came out in publishing Philip Wilson Publishers.
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