Cross premium protoiereysky desk. Russia, St. Petersburg, 1840-150-ies.

[Алексей Романович]

Cross award protoiereysky desk . Russian Empire , St. Petersburg, 1840-1850 -ies.
Cross belonged to the late Archbishop Michael ( Mudyuginu ) .
Material: silver "84" sample.
Technical performance : casting, polishing, engraving, gilding, crowbar .
Hallmarks : "84" samples , maker's mark " EF " ( Verkhovtsev Fedor Andreev ( d. 1867 ), master silversmiths , founder of the studio in 1819 <! - ~ 6 ~ -> , the city hallmark of St. Petersburg .
The figure of the Saviour consignment relief .
dimensions:
The height of the cross - 11cm
The height of the cross with eye - 12 cm
The width of the cross - 7 cm
Chain length: 123 cm
Weight - 150 grams.
Gilding remained unchanged.
The state of the cross and chain is excellent. RARITY !
Products represented in this master GIM.
The subject is an antique , collectible interest.

Price is negotiable. All the information by e-mail : arz-wien@rambler.ru
 
Example of stamps :
" Armchair " crosses

 The so-called "closet " cross was issued by decree of the Emperor ( which is usually preceded by the presentation of the Holy Synod ) . " Armchair " crosses were used since 1820. First, they were given a celebrant to serve overseas, then become a form of reward. Pectoral cross from the office of the Emperor was awarded , in particular, St. John of Kronstadt .

 After the overthrow of the monarchy "closet " cross cross was replaced with decorations , awarded Archpriests . Today crosses with ornaments have several variants of : from wooden (" Lent ") to the richly adorned with enamels and precious stones. There is also a special form of " patriarchal " award of the cross, which occurs infrequently.

" Pavlovian " crosses

Emperor Paul I legally formalized system of rewarding the clergy of irreproachable service . In particular, his decree was entered and premium cross, the appearance of which was unified . Silver -plated four-cross with a raised crucifix had a severe form . On the reverse side was inscribed: " presbyter , which gives the image of the faithful in word and His Life " ( the word, dating back to the First Epistle of St. Paul to Timothy ) , monogram of Emperor Paul I, and the date , " established in 1797 , on December 18 ." Wore a cross on a silver chain. This award existed until 1917.

 " Pavlovian " crosses sent clergy from generation to generation , have survived to the present day. Many priests wear them with a special sense - as a sign of continuity, spiritual connection with their predecessors .

Archbishop Michael ( Mudyugin )
 

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Archbishop of Vologda and Veliky

December 27, 1979 - February 23, 1993
Church: The Russian Orthodox Church
Preceded by Theodosius ( Dykun )
Succeeded by Maximilian ( Lazarenko )
Archbishop of Astrakhan and Enotaevsky

July 20, 1968 - December 27, 1979
Preceded by Pimen ( Chmielewski )
Succeeded by Theodosius ( Dykun )
The Bishop of Tikhvin , Leningrad diocese vicar

November 6, 1966 - July 20, 1968
Preceded by Filaret ( Vakhromeev )
Succeeded by Herman ( Timofeev )
 
Birth name : Michael N. Mudyugin
Birth : May 12, 1912Sankt Petersburg , Russian Empire
Death: February 28, 2000 ( 87 years ) St. Petersburg , Russian Federation
Buried : Nikolsky cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Monastery
Adoption of monasticism : October 31, 1966
The episcopal ordination : November 6, 1966
Archbishop Michael (born Mikhail Mudyugin , May 12, 1912 , Saint Petersburg - February 28, 2000 , St. Petersburg) - Bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church , Archbishop of Vologda and Veliky , theologian.
content
· 1 Life 2 Works Semya3
o 1.1 Early life and arrest
o 1.2 The fate of the engineer
o 1.3 Religious activities
· 4 Literature
· 5 Comments
· 6 Links
biography
Youth and arrest
As a child, was dedicated to the readers of Metropolitan Benjamin ( Kazan ) . He sang in the choir , reading , served as an altar. He took an active part in the life of St. Andrew's Old Athos monastery in St. Petersburg. Even as a child met the people who contributed to his spiritual development . Later recalled : "One of those people was my first , with seven, confessor , Father Gabriel, who was a priest in the Church of Our Lady of Skoroposlushnitsa on the Sands . Sands - is an ancient name of the old district of St. Petersburg , in which I lived . A very close to a church , which served as Father Gabriel , a Syrian, by the way, by nationality. This man played a huge role in my spiritual development . He treated me completely as an adult , nurturing worked on me in the most exalted sense of the word. A big impact on me was the monks of Mount Athos monastery . They were simple people , but spiritual . And they and the entire structure of the monastic life shaped me spiritually . "
In his youth, studied music , played the piano beautifully .
In 1929 , after high school , tried to enroll in the Department of Chemistry of the University of Leningrad , but did not stand the test in mathematics (in this period the children of nobles was difficult for higher education).
In January 1930, he was arrested for taking part in church life. Was in custody until September 1930 . He was sentenced to three years ' imprisonment. Later recalled that he had met in prison, a lot of interesting people , good praying.
The fate of the engineer
Since 1930 he has worked at the factory " Red Putilovets " in Leningrad : laborer , grinder . Simultaneously, he studied in the evening the Leningrad Institute of Foreign Languages ​​, graduating in 1933 with a degree in German language teacher and translator of technical literature . Works in Leningrad found , went to the Urals, where he taught at the School of Chemistry and German. Voluntarily returned to Leningrad , was exiled and lived in Novgorod, was unemployed for a few months , then worked as a heating engineer in a factory. Won the right to return to Leningrad , lived in the town of Pushkin , he worked in the design office , with whom he was evacuated at the beginning of the war in the Urals.
During World War II he worked in Sverdlovsk, then in Novosibirsk , where he was a senior engineer for acceptance , installation, and installation of equipment at the plant. In 1947 he returned to Leningrad . He graduated from the Faculty of Power Engineering Institute Metallic ( 1946 ) , graduate of the Institute of boiler-turbine behalf Polzunova , where he worked for several years. Since 1953 - PhD, associate professor of the Leningrad Mining Institute , taught heating equipment (up to 1957 ) .
Church activities
Since 1955, prepared to take holy orders . In 1958 , he was ordained a deacon and then a priest by Bishop Gabriel of Vologda ( Ogorodnikov ) . In 1958-1960 he served in the Cathedral of Vologda, then - in the city of Kazan church Ustyuzhna. Graduated from the Leningrad Theological Seminary, and ztem Leningrad Theological Academy ( LDA , now St. Petersburg Theological Academy) with a degree in theology (thesis : "The state of the Roman Catholic ecclesiology to top Vatican II "). Since 1964 - Fr .
From 1964 he taught at the Leningrad Theological Schools Latin, history and analysis of the Western confessions , was an assistant inspector. Since 1966 - Associate Professor , Dean of the newly organized at the Faculty of LDA African Christian youth (the creation of this department , according to some, prevented scheduling a closed academy) .
In 1966, at the initiative of Metropolitan Nicodemus ( Rotova ) was appointed rector of the Leningrad Theological Academy and Seminary.
October 31, 1966 he was tonsured a monk with the name Michael, November 4, 1966 - Archimandrite .
On November 6, 1966 - Bishop of Tikhvin , Leningrad vicar of the diocese.
I tried to update and bring to life the seminary system and academic education , sought to raise the general cultural level of the students , to acquaint them with the fiction . It seemed dangerous to the authorities , and he was transferred vAstrahan .
On July 20, 1968 - Bishop of Astrakhan and Enotaevsky .
In 1972 he defended his thesis in the LDA for the degree of Master of Divinity on " Fundamentals of Orthodox doctrine of personal salvation in the Holy Scripture and the patristic statements ."
September 2, 1977 was elevated to the rank of archbishop.
On December 27, 1979 - Archbishop of Vologda and Veliky . ( Appointed to Vologda due to the fact that the translated it from Poltava Archbishop Theodosius ( Dykun ) for health reasons could not go there , and he was given the chair of the Astrakhan ) .
During his management of the Astrakhan and Vologda diocese they were not closed a single church . Combined with the bishop's activities as a professor of LDA . In 1984, the University of Turku awarded him the degree of Doctor of Theology honoris causa. He has lectured at the University of Würzburg and the University of Turku .
In the late 80 's - early 90's , despite his advanced age, led the revitalization of church life in the Vologda diocese. It was organized by the religious school, reopened Prilutsky Saviour Monastery , the number of temples in operation ( 17 to 40). Bishop Michael gave lectures on the basics of the Orthodox faith in the institutions of higher education Vologda, Vologda was respected among the intelligentsia.
February 23, 1993 sent by the Holy Synod to rest with "deep gratitude for the labors " and to continue scientific and theological teaching career at St. Petersburg Theological Schools . Also taught at the catechetical courses Novgorod diocese , in high school and a Catholic seminary in St. Petersburg, and at the Theological Institute of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Ingria . In his later years, a lot of preaching , making the transfer of the St. Petersburg Radio " Theos ".
Fluent in Latin, English, French , German, Greek , Finnish , well translated from the Spanish and Italian . He participated in many theological talks with the representatives of Protestant churches (mainly Finland iGermanii ) and Catholics. Was a supporter of ecumenical dialogue and moderate church reforms . Positive attitude to the work of Archpriest Alexander Men . Lived a very modest lifestyle .
Died 28 February 2000 . He was buried at St. Nicholas Cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Monastery.
14 and 15 May 2012 in the St. Petersburg Theological Academy held commemorative events to mark the 100th anniversary of the birth of Archbishop Michael ( Mudyugina ) [1] .
family
· Father - Nikolai , Councillor of State , worked in the Expedition for preparing state papers .
· Mother - Vera , primarily engaged in raising children .
· The brothers Vladimir (engineer ), George ( Criminal Bar ) .
· Wife - Dagmara A. , Russian German, originally a Lutheran , then converted to Orthodoxy with the name Maria . The wedding took place in 1932. She died in 1963.
proceedings
· Introduction to the basic theology . M. , 1995 .
· Russian Orthodox Church . The second half of the twentieth century. M. , 1995 .
· Orthodox veneration of icons.
· Kafoliki and Catholics .
· Salvation and justification.
literature
· Mitrokhin N., S. Timofeev Bishops and dioceses of the Russian Orthodox Church as of October 1, 1997 . Moscow, 1997 .
· Archbishop Michael : Adoption defrocked been my dream since childhood /Today . 1995 . December 27.
· Archbishop Michael Mudyugin . Orthodox doctrine of personal salvation . Salvation is a process. St. Petersburg . Publishers " Satis ", 2011
· Archbishop Michael ( Mudyugin ) . Orthodox doctrine of personal salvation . Salvation as a goal and as a state . Publishers " Satis ". St. Petersburg . , 2010
Notes
1. ↑ In SPbPDA held a conference devoted to the 100th anniversary of Archbishop Michael ( Mudyugina )
references
·
Archbishop Michael
· Russian intelligentsia as archbishop
· Whirlwind Archbishop
· On the ow. Michael