The exhibition "Russian way. Pryanishnikov Hilarion and his disciples "

[Тютчев]

Exhibition "Russian way. Pryanishnikov Hilarion and his students »

This year marks 170 years since the birth of IM Pryanishnikov (1840-1894), born in the village Timasheva Borovsky District, Kaluga Province. Pryanishnikov - artist-innovator, a great master of art of narration. He - one of the founders of the famous Society of traveling exhibitions. As an artist, a realist, he nevertheless sought to comprehend the essence of national life, to reveal the very foundations of Russian spirituality - spirituality as a Christian Orthodox.

For many years, Pryanishnikov was the leading teacher at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. Virtually all of any significant master painting at the turn of the Moscow XIX-XX centuries - his disciples. Moreover - it Pryanishnikov outlined that line of development of Russian painting, which was the backbone throughout the last century.

And the main theme of the exhibition that opens today in one of the halls of the Kaluga Regional Art Museum - Pryanishnikov and his disciples. This is - an exhibition-related research. It does not purport to be complete disclosure of this topic is extremely complex and rich in content, but determines a range of events and issues that are important for understanding the entire course of the evolution of Russian art.

Painting himself Pryanishnikova represented in the exhibition by two of his works that are stored in the Kaluga Regional Art Museum: Study "Backyards" (1880-ies.) And a small view of the Black Sea, created by the artist shortly before his death. These landscapes provide modest, however, the representation of the structure of mature painting Pryanishnikov, its basic properties.

A special place in the exhibition also cover work AM Corina and KA Korovin. Both of these artists - not only students, but also relatives Pryanishnikova. Both are genuinely fond of his teacher. And at the same time, they are very differently perceived his lessons. Corinne continues pryanishnikovskie tradition. Korovin, just became the first Russian impressionists, repelled by them, something is denying that something is acceptable.

Develop these diverse traditions and other students Pryanishnikova - such great masters of Russian painting as a VN Baksheev, AS Stepanov, NA Kasatkin, KV Lebedev, etc. But they all were true cardinal principle of his art. Their paintings - is substantial, serious, thoughtful. And it is precisely these qualities to a large extent determine the identity and the main thrust of the "Russian way" in the art of modern times.

The exhibition opens in the main building of the Kaluga Regional Art Museum (Room XX century art) on October 8 in 15 hours.

The exhibition will run from 8 October to 14 November 2010 from 10 am to 18 pm except Monday.

Telephone: 56-28-30

Obukhov, VM, art

http://artmuseum.kaluga.ru/?m=10&idnews=157


Pictures at an Exhibition:

[Тютчев]

Pryanishnikov
Hilarion M.
1840, sec. Timashova, Kaluga Province. - 1894, Moscow

Born in the village Timashova Kaluga province in a merchant family. He studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, SK Zaryanko, in the same period experienced a profound impact Perov. Since the beginning of the Association of traveling exhibitions Pryanishnikov was its founding member, with the second traveling exhibition has become the permanent member of the board of the Partnership. Pryanishnikov - one of Moscow painters who worked in the small genre. " For years, he created the record "humiliated and insulted" and this theme has acquired in his more ostropsihologichesky - on the brink of tragedy - the character: this is his most famous painting "Jokers. Seating court in Moscow "(1865), so is his masterpiece," empty "(1871), where the figure of a teenage seminarian, zyabnuschego evening in the train on the snowy path, turns into a grim symbol of social exclusion. Typical "Peredvizhnik, he always combined satire and drama with bytopisaniem not applying for any social class. Among his works - "Pogoreltsy" (1872), "cruel romance" (1881), "Hunting Forest of bondage" (1881), "The Artist's Studio" (1890). In addition bytopisatelstva, Pryanishnikov participated in work on paintings of Christ the Savior in Moscow, turned to the historical genre, having written several options for the painting "One of the War of 1812." In 1871, together with Vladimir Makovsky made the album "Episodes from the life of Sevastopol 1854-1855 year, dedicated to the defense of Sevastopol. Several times the artist that traveled to sketching from nature (Save Day in the North ", 1887). For a long time, he taught at MUZHVZ, his disciples were SV Ivanov, VN Kasatkin, Konstantin Korovin, Mikhail Nesterov.

[Тютчев]

A more detailed biography of the artist.

Читать дальше... 

Pryanishnikov Hilarion M.

(1840-1894)

       Pryanishnikov entered into the history of Russian art as a talented genre painter of the sixties, a founding member of the Association of Traveling Art Exhibitions, a teacher at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. However, he also worked as a draftsman, etcher and illustrator, he painted portraits, landscapes, paintings on military and historical subjects, performed the songs on religious subjects.
       Hilarion M. Pryanishnikov born March 20, (1 April) in 1840 in the village Timoshevo Kaluga province in a poor family of a merchant.
       From childhood, showing inclination for drawing, he had at age 12 he entered the Moscow School of Painting and Sculpture, but a year later he left school: it was necessary to earn bread, and he had to go to work "boy" into the merchant's shop.
       In 1856, newly enrolled at Pryanishnikov MUZHV, he studied with teachers SK Zaryanko, ES Sorokin and EA Vasilieva. Each of them left an imprint on the fate of the student. So, for example, ES Sorokin, attaches great importance to the education system is drawing, Pryanishnikov inherited high culture figure, and later managed to transfer this knowledge has its own disciples. Largely thanks to the generous support of EA Vasilieva Pryanishnikova managed to finish his art education, because Vasyl made for the talented pupil of the right to free education and gave him "and shelter, and a table." As you know, he has also provided substantial support and the other disciple, the future well-known artist, genre painter Vasily Perov, which Pryanishnikov had a long friendship. In 1857, when Perov worked on one of his first critical pieces, Pryanishnikov he posed to create an image of the protagonist. In 1862 young artists together spent the summer in the Trinity-Sergius Lavra.
       In 1864 Pryanishnikov for the painting "Reading the letters to the vegetable store was awarded a small silver medal. Already in this early work proved the main features characteristic of the artist's creative manner. This - acute psychological observation.
       In 1865, the year of graduation, Pryanishnikov for the painting "Jokers. Seating court in Moscow has received a large silver medal and the title III-class artist of her degree. Painting is devoted to the fate of the little man, lost among the self-satisfied vulgarity "of Moscow and gostinodvortsev moneybags" in a vast and grim city, is the image of the "dark kingdom". The picture brought the artist fame. She has even "hit the splint and bought up thousands of copies in the people." Theater, literature and painting in these years were in close collaboration, attracting the attention of the public statement of "serious" questions of life. For spectators proximity pattern Pryanishnikova and putting on the play by Alexander Ostrovsky in the Maly Theatre in Moscow (it was held on Oct. 12, 1864) was evident, although the play was such a scene was not. (Ostrovsky's plays were published in the September issue of "Contemporary"). Curiously, the pattern among other was sent to the International Exhibition in Vienna, but was not exposed, according to Vladimir Stasov "for fear of showing their sores Europe." Since the mid 1860's Pryanishnikov firmly established among the first artists of critical realism.
       After graduating from college Pryanishnikov remained in Moscow, which attracted not so much ancient monuments, many of the colorful and distinctive life. "For us, the Russian genre painter, Moscow - a treasure - said Pryanishnikov - there are so many of the original, original, this rich material, the artists and the Pen and Brush is over what porabotat.Interes the life of the city attempted to compare Pryanishnikova with VE Makovsky. Their friendship lasted a lifetime.
       In the works of the late 1860-1870-ies Pryanishnikov appealed to the various sides of Russian life, portraying the homeless and beggars ("Calico turn", "The Church"), bruised back-breaking labor of women ("The Seamstress"), ridiculed the type of wealthy suitor "fine "(" Lover "). In 1870, for the painting "The Seamstress" and "Calico turn, the artist was awarded the title of class artist of the first degree.
       Every once in his art sounded sympathetic attitude towards the humiliated and oppressed, was visible a thin observation and knowledge of people's lives. At the same time, this period was a time of growth for the artist's skill, intense exploration and expansion of the thematic framework of the works of genre.
       In late 1860 - early 1870 Pryanishnikov took an active part in organizing the Association of Traveling Art Exhibitions in activities which subsequently took an active part: he exhibited in almost all traveling exhibitions, several times elected a member of the board of the Moscow branch TPHV.
       Painting Pryanishnikova "empty", exposed at the first traveling exhibition in 1871, brought the artist a new success. In the unanimous opinion of contemporaries painting was recognized as an innovative thanks to a good mix of genre-landscape motif. The image of chilled students returning to their village with a small bunch of books purchased in the city, complemented by emotionally homeless winter landscape with the dying sunset. This piece was purchased by one collector before the exhibition opening. Pavel Tretyakov, in these years been actively developed its own museum of Russian art, the Tretyakov Gallery's future, commissioned the artist to repeat, breaking his own rule: do not have replicas and copies in its collection.
       At the end of 1860 Pryanishnikov began working on a painting in the history of the War of 1812, and in 1874 completed his famous painting "in 1812. On this subject, he performed several options, the best (fourth) is in the Tretyakov Gallery. In the image Pryanishnikova War of 1812 is devoid of deliberate academic pomposity and represented people's war, a war most ordinary people. This view was close to the position of Leo Tolstoy, he expressed in his novel "War and Peace", published in 1868, when Pryanishnikov began working on his painting. Kramskoy admiringly Repin wrote about her: "Pryanishnikov wrote a good thing -" Captured the French in 1812.
       In the years 1871-1872 by the order of the Sevastopol branch of the Polytechnic Exhibition in Moscow Pryanishnikov worked with Vladimir Makovsky, GG Myasoyedov, VO Sherwood and other artists to create a series of paintings devoted to the defense of Sevastopol in the Crimean War, and have included 97 scenes of combat and military everyday life in the besieged city. from which Pryanishnikova written 18. They were written on cardboard liquid oil in the short term, affecting the quality of work, because they tend to call patterns. Working on them, Pryanishnikov, as well, and other artists attracted to the series, used not only eyewitness - the officers and seamen, "pozhivshih heroic lives in Sebastopol, but guided and" Sevastopol Sketches "Leo Tolstoy. Curiously, the images of battles in Sebastopol series practically does not occur, dominated the scene after the battle and scenes of everyday life Sebastopol (Transportation guns "," Charity wounded women in Sevastopol).
       In 1874, together with KA Trutovsky, Vladimir Makovsky, INKramskoy, illustrated by Nikolai Gogol Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka.
       In the years 1875-1877 took part in the design of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow.
       In 1880 Pryanishnikov again refers to the genre. The best work of this time is the picture "cruel romance", which opened to the full his satirical propensities. During these years, Pryanishnikov also keen design themes of hunting, in which the software is an organic fusion of man and nature ("Hunting Forest of bondage," "The End of Hunting", "On the deadlift).
       In the second half of 1880 - the first half of 1890 Pryanishnikov executed several monumental canvases devoted to household livelihoods and traditions of the Russian countryside ("Procession", "Total sacrificial cauldron at the feast day", "Preparation of cornfields to plant flax in the Vologda province "). The plot "Spasov day in the North" is associated with the celebration of the Orthodox Church on Aug. 1 in the old style of the two holidays. One is devoted to izneseniyu Holy Cross, the second - Merciful Saviour and the Virgin Mary. On this day, cross together with the icons and other relics handed down from the church for worship and blessing of the water in rivers, springs and wells. Thanks to this custom has become the life-giving water for all living things. Making a ritual ablution, the people were removed from the sins and sickness.
       From 1873 till the year of death Pryanishnikov held the post of lecturer MUZHVZ, heading fashioned class, replacing the spot VV Pukireva. Among his pupils - V.K.Byalynitsky-Birula, SV Ivanov, VN Baksheev, AE Arkhipov, Stepanov, MV Nesterov, SI Svetoslavsky etc. The disciples loved him, affectionately called "carrot", left many warm memories of his teacher: "a witty, candid, straightforward, a little rough" (MV Nesterov), straight, bluff, choleric (AYGolovin) . And Konstantin Korovin, said: "It was a man, it was an honest man, a man of freedom and power ... He understood the nature of Russian life and Russian type as a rare artist."
       In 1891-1892, contracted tuberculosis, he moved to the Crimea to Alupka, where he lived in the PI Gubonin, a major landowner, philanthropist and arts patron. Upon his return to Moscow once again taught in school, in 1893 elected a member of the Academy of Fine Arts.
       March 12, 1894 died in Moscow, was buried in the cemetery of the convent Alexeyev in Moscow.