The Great Patriotic War in art

[Евгений]

Once again, all with the Victory Day!
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 Artist Yakovlev VN (1893-1953)
                            Portraits of the marshals.
1. Portrait KK Rokossovsky. 1944.Holst, oil. 196x136 cm
Kurgan Art Museum, Barrow
2. Portrait AM Vasilevsky. 1944.Holst, oil. 196x136 cm
Kurgan Art Museum, Barrow

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Artist Dejneka AA (1899 - 1969)

[Евгений]

Artist Dejneka AA (1899 - 1969)

[Тютчев]

Early on the morning of June 22, 1941 Nazi Germany attacked the Soviet Union. Armed to the teeth, Hitler's army, despite the courageous resistance to the Soviet troops moved forward. In mortal danger looming over our country. From every Soviet citizen, in whatever position he may be: in the trenches, the front edge or a blast furnace at the helm of a combat aircraft or driving a tractor - required boundless devotion, honest service to the Motherland.
"Everything for the front, everything for victory!" These words became the theme of life and work of the Soviet people.
At the urging of the party all the people rose up to fight the enemy. Soviet artists also feel mobilized and called to his art to serve the people, to help him in mortal combat with the enemy.
The first people to respond to military developments were artists poster. On the second day of the war has already appeared poster Kukryniksy "mercilessly defeat and destroy the enemy!»
In the early days of World War II have been established «TASS Windows». They have collaborated poets D. Poor, Marshak, Lebedev, lobster, Kirsanov, artists Efimov, Kukryniksy, grief, Cheremnikh. Posters "windows TASS knew the whole country, crowds of Muscovites gathered at the windows, waiting for the new release. Reproduction in reduced format, they were delivered to the front, airplanes in the form of leaflets scattered them over the occupied towns and villages, inspiring people to faith in our win. Among the first World War II posters should be noted poster artist I. Toidze "The Motherland Calls».
Elderly woman with a severe face holds in outstretched right hand text of the military oath, the left arm raised up invitingly. Unforgettable her face with tightly compressed lips, with burning in emphasis converted to the viewer eyes. Lightly tossing with graying hair, shifted to the nose frowns, wind-blown handkerchief create a mood of anxiety and very clearly define the main idea poster demonstration - The Motherland is calling its sons to perform duty - to protect the homeland.
Heavier the first months of the war. The enemy was pushing our army, seized Belorussia, Ukraine, Baltic States, the blockade had surrounded Leningrad, was selected to the outskirts of Moscow. In the territory occupied by the Nazis destroyed the Soviet people, burning villages, abduct youths in the German labor camps.

[Тютчев]

From a poster artist D. Shmarinov "Avenge» looks at the viewer woman. Against the backdrop of smoky conflagrations she stands motionless and terrible in his grief. On her lowered hands - body brutally slain girls. In the wide-open, eyes filled with tears, the mother is not only suffering, but also the requirement - revenge!
Unusually widespread during the war was a poster artist B. Koretsky "Warrior of the Red Army, and save!»
Much repeated on plywood boards in front of roads, on walls, on postcards, this poster has become a symbol and an oath, awakened in the hearts of men burning desire to defeat the enemy, to rescue women and children from the misery and suffering.
... A woman holds in her hands pressed against the boy. From under the white kerchief, her hair had escaped, hatred and pain kept her eyebrows, painfully lowered corners of her mouth. Child in fear clung to his mother. Left diagonally to the center, right in the heart of Hitler's mother sent a bayonet a soldier. Not a single superfluous detail. Even the fist child hid under a handkerchief. Figures of the mother and son are in the bust, as it floated up from the darkness in the wrong flickering light of the conflagration.
Bloody ruthless fascist bayonet and a young mother, her body is ready to cover her son, made an indelible impression. Not by chance the artist Koretsky received from strangers soldiers hundreds of excited letters in which the soldiers swore to drive out the enemy from Soviet territory, to release his people from Nazi captivity.
Koretsky in this work skillfully used the possibility of photos in order to give the image character of genuine authenticity. He avoided naturalism, too much detail, typical of many photoshop.
Conciseness, the rigor in the selection of means of expression, severe black and red color scheme, enormous strength of the emotional effect made this significant work of Soviet poster art, unparalleled among the posters in wartime.

[Тютчев]

After the failures and defeats of the first year of the war, our country has experienced the joy of victory.
Has the topic of Soviet military poster. This meant more to him bright and joyous mood, caused by the anticipation of victory is close, increasingly have called not only to release the land from the Soviet enemy, but to bring freedom to the peoples of Europe. Participants of the war is well remembered for a poster artist B. Ivanov, "We drink the water of the native Dnieper».
... Widely and freely flowing Dnipro on home soil. Aflame in the glow of smoky fires pre-dawn sky, reflected in the dark and quiet water surface. In the distance we can see only that the induced field engineers crossing. In her endless stream of moving to the right bank of tanks, vehicles. In the foreground - a large figure of a Soviet soldier. He scooped up his helmet cool, smelling of fresh willow and river Dnieper water and carefully lifted it to his mouth and drank slowly, enjoying every sip.
Sincere emotion and lyricism, filial love for the Motherland, sounding in this poster, made him a favorite product of the people.
Recent Posters World War II devoted to the victorious final battle. They glorify the heroic feat of Soviet people, the price of great sacrifice saved humanity from fascist slavery.
Soviet poster artists performed during the war, their patriotic duty, creating a remarkable for its artistic and ideological qualities chronicle of struggle and victory that will never be forgotten by our people.

[Евгений]

I'll tell you about another film, the talented Russian artist Vasily Yakovlev. More than 40 years, the museum did not display this unique work audience, why? unclear. (EA)
                     The history of one picture

To the 60 anniversary of the Victory Yaroslavl Art Museum in April 2005 opened the exhibition "War and Peace". Works of 1941 - 1945. from the collection of the Yaroslavl Art Museum.
In anticipation of a large opening day in 2005 the museum represents one of the most interesting works of the future exhibition.
These paintings by Vasyl Yakovlev patriotic Rogation June 22, 1942 in Moscow. " (H, m, 399h301, 1942 - 1944, post. In 1966, Dar Archbishop Sergius).
The author of the painting is an active member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR, People's Artist of the RSFSR, twice winner of the USSR State Prize, Professor of Painting, Doctor of Arts Vasili Nikolaevich Yakovlev (1893 - 1953). The picture - a group portrait, which depicts a future Archbishop of Yaroslavl and Rostov Sergius with two boys-servant: 4-year Tolia and 12-year-old Nicholas, the grandson of the Bishop of Anatolia (Filimonov) at St. Nicholas Church of the Transfiguration of the cemetery in Moscow in the administration of patriotic devotions on the first anniversary the Great Patriotic War.
  

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eloquent line "Endowment" Bishop Sergius, accompanied the gift paintings to the museum: "With Vasily Nikolayevich Yakovlev I met in Moscow in the spring of 1942. Our acquaintance was a friendship and then turned into a personal friendship. I drew the broadest erudition of the man. His knowledge of philosophy was encyclopedic. We had a debate on philosophical topics ... In the music he loved Beethoven and Bach, which corresponds to, and my tastes ... "

VN Yakovlev attended the worship of the "gift of victory arms of the Soviet army in the summer of 1942, which carried Zvenigorodsky Bishop Sergius. After the service, the artist offered to paint a portrait - a picture of that moment. The product was produced within two years and was completed in 1944. Father Sergius, having received it as a gift from the artist already in 1943, prepared her for the Odessa Theological Seminary, but for some reason failed to take it to Odessa.
In the artist's studio now seen prominent military leaders, including K. Voroshilov, foreign ambassadors, bishops of the church, in particular, Metropolitan Krutitskii Nicholas, writers LM Leonov and SP Borodin. After this, due to various circumstances, the product was concealed from the audience.
Until 1946 there was a picture of the author's workshop in 1956 - moved to Astrakhan, where Sergius was appointed bishop of the Astrakhan and Stalingrad. In subsequent years on. Serge served in many dioceses, followed by traveling and this picture. In November 1966, Archbishop Sergius gave the product as a gift to the Yaroslavl Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve, and the section of the museum when it became the property of the Yaroslavl Art Museum. Until 2005, cloth was kept on the shaft, hidden from the eyes of not only the mass audience, but rare and museum employees had the opportunity to see him.

Celebrating the 60 th anniversary of the Victory was the reason for the revival of the work. It was first presented to the general public at an exhibition devoted to this significant event. It recalls that the Russian Orthodox Church and its ministers were carriers of high patriotic feelings and were the spiritual backbone of the Russian people.

Photo 1-2.
 Artist Vasily Yakovlev (1893-1953) "Patriotic Rogation June 22, 1942 in Moscow." (H, m, 399h301, 1942 - 1944, post. In 1966, Dar Archbishop Sergius).

[Тютчев]

Posters of the Great Patriotic War:

[Тютчев]

Posters of the Great Patriotic War:

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Posters of the Great Patriotic War.:

[Тютчев]

Posters of the Great Patriotic War.:

[Евгений]

One of the best works of Victor Popkov, I personally very much. (EA)
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Popkov Viktor E. (09/03/1932 - 11/12/1974)

Soviet artist-sixties. He studied at the Moscow Art Institute. VISurikov (1952-1958).
One of the leaders of the direction of "severe style".
Painting Popkov different drama, psychological imagery and situations, the desire for philosophical meditation on life, severity of compositions and saturated colors.
From 1956 to 1974, Popkov traveled Baikal, Siberia, Moscow, Vologda, north, where the impression is created by a series of oil paintings, gouache and pencil.
In the West it was called a dissident. His work ostrosotsialnye always irritated the authorities.

Overcoat father
This unique conversation piece completes a series of paintings about the war. This self-portrait dedicated to his father - Yefim Akimovich Popkov, who died early in the war. The sketch for the painting - an excerpt from the latter, probably, letters Yefim Akimovich wife Stepanida Ivanovna Popkov:
"Our part of Smolensk. Heavy fighting. Stesha, tell Chuvilkinoy Masha that Fedor was killed. Yesterday he was found still alive. He died with me. Stesha today again fighting. If something happens to me, take care of children and themselves. (Words "I kiss, your Yefim, Oct. 21. 1941" crossed out.) Kiss firmly Tomochku, Vitya and Kolya. Stesha, now in the battle. Finish after the battle ... "

Not finished.

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The parting words of his father formed the basis of design patterns Overcoat father. " His deeply personal reminiscence of his father Popkov put himself in a number of northern widows, tying his own fate with their damned lonely woman's shares. Widows if off from the gray-green, the color of a soldier's overcoat background and become close to him, trying on his father's overcoat.

"One evening he came to me in an overcoat of his father, down on the floor near the wall and told me she was crying today, working on the painting" - recalls artist K. Friedman.

Of course, this is not a soldier's coat Yefim Anya, but she belonged to his father's wife of Victor Popkov, the artist Clara Kalinychevoy, kept in the family as a relic, and at the same time was used for the case in all appropriate cases.

Popkov, with the clear and precise vision of figurative paintings for a long time would not let herself the central figure. He had several times changed its position, rotation of the head, a gesture of his hands, even clothes, trying to find the right color relationships and the color of a soldier's overcoat, and with a background picture. Not only is congruent with the tones, but also contrast. The final point was a bright purple stain on the palette. By the way, meaningful reception, which he introduced in the film "Northern Song". There, the final point was a red flower geranium on the windowsill.

Some critics see in "The Overcoat father" echoes of old arguments about the connection between generations. I must say that such a problem for Popkov not exist. Contact generations he felt vitally. He had a great love for the mother to the deceased father, respect for elders artists, but the perspective of his work is much more compassion for the families and friends.
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No, I will seek. No, I will not moan.
Silence will laugh. I shall go softly sobbing.
Silence will be loving, quiet will be sick
Quietly, I'll live to be Quiet and death.
If my happiness, if my god
I'm not going to swing, I find your threshold.
Will the people I'm good, I would be all I love
It would be a sad laugh, I would be a sad laugh.
AND you do not offend. Even'll put meanness.
Pity least once in life. Death! Will you come? I smolchu.
Viktor Popkov. About

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1.Hudozhnik Viktor Popkov. Overcoat father. 1972. GTG. Oil on canvas. 176 x 120. The State Tretyakov Gallery