- What is connected to the revival of the antiques market?
- Let's start with the world's antique market there, especially in the West European prices, as compared with the previous two years raised some works of art, even simple, two-, three-fold. This is especially true art of old masters and impressionists. Explain what is some logical reasons it is impossible, because the stock market is falling and there is no industrial boom.
- Maybe people do not feel very confident and believe that works of art - is a more reliable value for money than stocks and securities?
- Yes, of course, but on the other hand, it is a social phenomenon in which the popularity of the old works of art increases, nostalgia for the past increases, the desire of strength and peace, as you rightly observed, is increasing, then, of course, apply to antiques. More and more there is people who are making a fortune and easy to understand that we must Europeanise. Those who have already mastered this market, who created it prices in 1995-1997, turned to the art of Western Europe. It is about the old masters. That is, we already have the collection picked up on the art of old masters: XVI-XVII century, the second half of the XIX century, primarily French, or German art, as well as the beginning of XX century. The new Russian collectors understand: except that it is becoming increasingly popular, as evidenced by exhibitions, publications, it becomes very profitable, because even German expressionism in the past 3 years has increased in value fivefold. People shrewd conclude that investment is highly profitable.
- Perhaps to invest in antique furniture, bronzes, diamonds?
- Diamonds - traditionally successful investment capital, along with real estate. But the collecting of antique furniture from the viewpoint of rapid refund completely unprofitable. First, the process that is very heavy. You can not, even set to furnish an apartment furnished in Empire style, just take and buy all things. Will you collect them for years, pick up each other. This is a very long process. Picture gathering much easier. Now Sotheby "s, Christie" s and other auctions just blocks sold works of art. And one day you make up a collection, if you have a ten - fifteen million out of pocket expenses. A gathering of applied art - it long enough. Although there 2-2,5-fold increase in prices occurred over the past year.
- Assembled the new Russian art connoisseurs collections are stored, of course, abroad?
- You are right, these collections are almost never appear in Russia because of stupid laws on the import-export, because of the taxes due to customs tax, sales tax and value added tax, absolutely absurd. All these collections are mainly deposited in the dwellings of our compatriots abroad. Just huge collection of old masters and impressionists in the UK, in France. Before the default all traditionally focused on Russian classical art.
- Now there is the generation of young Russian collectors who can not correctly pronounce the name of the artist, poorly understood, what is their favorite style of Art Nouveau, collect intuitively. But they are investing money in antiques, it is not bargaining.
- Dancing on the need of money. The new generation gets the money is much simpler, not easier time redistribution of 1992-1993, but easier than in 1995-1996, it is, of course, risky generation. How easy for them to get money, so easily with them and they parted. And they just very typical of the national gathering. There are young collectors who, say, collect Jewish painting. There are collectors of Ukrainians, who bought the Ukrainian national painting. This is also something new. Probably because he started gathering round to narrow the number of items that appear here, especially high-class, on the Russian market is negligible. The market is almost redistributed. And so people are caught that corresponds to their spurious or real desires.
- It is often said of the rise in purchasing power in the impoverished Russia's antique market.
- Collecting is a stronger tendency than collecting as such, with all its exhibitions, publications, official statements about the new acquisitions and so on. Basically this is about hiding-gathering, because people who are buying works of art in a great number - I am not referring to individual shopping - do not want to advertise it.
- Hide because they are afraid?
- Of course. The danger for them and the attackers are, and taxation. There is still time - is to create a mystery around himself, a prestigious aura that now, they say, so I am the only exceptional. Look at what is happening with the works of art, which were previously in the 'thoroughbred', as we say, collections. Here, say, history with the purchase kustodievskih canvases and a half million dollars at the May auction of Sotheby "s from the family Shaliapin meeting. They are not even half the money. But the charm, scent, willingness to who bought it, to join the league of most immortals has created the phenomenon of purchase. And how much to pay, anyway, if you are able to spend 15-20 million to buy antiques. You become like the heirs of the great musicians, composers and poets. This is something new. It is not just gathering in the name of acquisition or in the name of a rarity, but the desire to join.
- Why are attached collectors antique weapons?
- Weapons, as you know, very many years was taboo. For various reasons, collecting antique weapons equated to the purchase of firearms, the subject of murder. Perhaps, in the acquisition of an old pistol or a dagger is a certain element of outrageous. Besides, appeared widespread enthusiasm for hunting. Russian people are repeating the history of our nobility. And since you're a hunter, you should be hunting gear, better - a unique, which is intended not only for hunting, and is like its accessories. Have old equipment is very prestigious and fashionable.
- Is there a serious gathering icons?
- Ironically, now on the market a large number of high-grade icons at very high prices. Such icons of earlier in the 80's, the domestic market was much smaller.
- Where?
- From the old collections. Many of the old icons of the heirs, collected by their fathers and grandfathers, but these works are highly qualified, not only by age but also for its artistic quality, since not every XVI century - a high quality icons. Nevertheless, the age here is crucial.
Gather the saints and writers, icon painters, but less understood in the very painting. This is a very difficult moment. The very old Russian paintings - is a phenomenon not only the purely artistic, and more religious. And we need a culture of consciousness have to become involved in an ancient painting.
- What is the order price icons?
- At the first class icons - from about 50 to 150 thousand dollars. This range, which fit first-class paintings. In general icons are available from 3 to 10 thousand. This demand, is sold.
- And where you can buy the old icon?
- When it comes to first-class icons, then they are not sold in stores, as well as first-class painting for sale all from under the counter, from under the counter. So hang in one exposure and is sold in the director's office - one or two of work - quite another. Also, and iconography. For some reason unknown to me, perhaps, moral character, perhaps from bitter experience, but the icons are sold primarily through the collectors and dealers.
- What are the new collectors are attracted to Russia now?
- Vintage cars. This kind of high-gatherer. That long ago developed in the West, we have only just begun. It is very capital intensive industry, but I do not think it we will prosper. For this we must have a large quantity of goods.
- How justified rumors criminalized market: the sale of fakes, stolen goods?
- Fake - this is just one of the problems Antique Market, the most vivid. In another case - black cash, paid work. Nobody buys legally paying taxes. This is the basis of crime. Nevertheless, the number of fake works now, probably increased tenfold. First, due to the fact that no first-class works of art in sufficient quantities, the vacuum that is filled with forgery. Second, the most important - there is no clear exhaust systems expertise. The system of examination related to the Tretyakov Gallery, with the center of the Grabar Restoration and Research Institute, extremely vague, sometimes corrupt and in many cases unreliable. No one specifically responsible for the conclusion made by the experts. And this is a loophole, which penetrates the people dictate their own laws and enforce them experts adoption of a decision.
- Is there a solution? Even in the early 90's talked about that should be - independent experts. This is the extent to which realistic and - true?
- Actually it is, but really - no.
- Why?
- What is an independent institution of experts? This institute experts who have a very great authority in his field, which created serious books. We have almost no such experts - 5-6 people who are experts of very narrow lines. The second way is to create a so-called Committee. Committee Chagall, Kandinsky Committee - a meeting of eminent experts, which give the collegial, but on behalf of the committee concluded. Establishment of such committees can be gradually promoted. They, of course, be independent, not affiliated with any government institutions or with the Ministry of Culture, with any museums or the Pushkin or the Tretyakov Gallery. This is a very slow way.
- Russia's antiquarians criticized Sotheby "s and Christie" s, said that the leading auction houses too turn up their prices for Russian art.
- Sotheby "s and Christie" s control in the Western European market, 70%of the entire artistic production of which is sold through auctions. Sotheby "s and Christie" s never turn up their prices for such works of Russian realist, as in Russia. And not only. Right now there is a tendency to be expensive to buy and quite expensive to sell the product post-impressionists. So not from Sotheby "s and Christie" s are gone, it went to the domestic market. Was a precedent. Somewhere was selling for huge money late Konchalovsky. And Sotheby "s and Christie" s are absolutely not guilty, on the contrary, they go in the wake of what is happening in Russia. So we can not say that they always dictate its terms.
- And how much is late Konchalovsky?
- Up to 200 thousand dollars - is the 'Lilac', which was sold earlier to work for 25-30 thousand. Although, to be honest, artistic and historical value it has. This is a precedent.
- What else is sold as expensive?
- Shishkin and Aivazovsky traditionally from 300 thousand dollars and above. Prices for the 150-200 is not. It is, of course, not on the scene, and the capital of the serious things, complete the big picture. Prices start at 300 thousand dollars, or around 300 thousand dollars. The same happens with the works Polenova or Savrasov. As Repin, there is not even possible to call the real price, because the work Repin almost do not appear, and if there are, then the amount can be determined. How many will ask, and give so much. Lately I do not recall that the work of middling Peredvizhnik was sold for less than 80 thousand. No such prices. It is that earlier cost 20-25 thousand.
- Previously - this is when?
- Approximately 99-th year, immediately after the default, when people stood up a little, when it became possible to buy more. And then these prices were within 25-30 thousand. Now about 80. Explain this is impossible, because we are talking about the artists of the second row. As a secondary, middle, and remains a second-class. And the price has increased almost threefold. If we take the new trends, relatively new, because interest in the world of art lies in the late 80-ies, the prices miriskusnikov increased 5-fold over the last 3-4 years. This applies Serebryakova primarily a phenomenon it was made, of course, at Sotheby "s. This includes Konstantin Korovin - the price of his works has increased fivefold, it does not affect all, and individual works by Benois and Kustodiev. The phenomenon of 'Blue Rose' was created with sale at Sotheby "s work Miliotti over than 250 thousand dollars. There is no serious work 'Blue Rose', which sold less than 100 thousand dollars, which previously was not only unrealistic, but simply absurd. To work Pavel Kuznetsov sold for 100-150 thousand dollars - in a nightmare nobody dreamed. 30-40 requested, it is regarded as a ceiling.
This Sotheby "s fault. And on Konchalovsky we ourselves have set a precedent.
- Ie to make a museum exhibition, and so prices skyrocketed?
- The exhibition was at the Museum of Private Collections. After it happened once a giant leap in prices. Of course, the famous banker hanging, so it can not be cheap. The reasoning rather vulgar, but, on the other hand, the household and has a worldly basis. I think that the same story in a slow, reflective pace happening in contemporary art. I'm not talking about Kabakov, who for all sorts of frames, we are not discussing. But the artists in the top ten non-conformists are priced from 20 to 50 thousand dollars. More recently, it was worth 3-5. This jump can be explained only by the fact that now there are new collectors, they are rocking these prices. Many of these artists have already died, and their work is less and less, a tendency toward higher prices, there are falsifications, which are a sure sign of glory, because the fakes Oscar Rabin, who, thank God, still alive, I am not talking about works Krasnopevtsev - a new trend gathering. Every era gives birth to their own interests, sometimes totally inexplicable. Sometimes that interest is related to modern art, sometimes it is combined with the old art. And now, strangely enough, creates a phenomenon that existed in the early 60's. Prices of contemporary art then began to catch up with prices of antiques. Although not a single picture of modern Russia's artists for 300 thousand dollars in Russia is not sold, but ten-fold increase in prices is already available. Modern art is included in the turnover of the antique market.
http://www.gzt.ru/culture/2003/09/24/104800.html
10.01.2010, 17:16
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