Guta

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Guta (Gutai)

Translation of the term: art, opposed to the abstract, then there is something concrete.

Founder and theorist of trends: Hiro Yoshihara, genus. In 1905, in Osaka.
The revelation came to him around 1954, when he saw the Zen monk's calligraphy Natenbo.

Manifesto directions

- In modern art we celebrate Pollock and Mathieu, because their works - is the cry of matter, pigments and varnishes. Their job is to merge with the matter, dissolved in it. They are making this a method that suits their individual character. More precisely, they are the matter in the phenomenal symbiosis with it.
- We are interested in modern beauty. We see it in the changes that expose objects of art and monuments of the past period of time and natural elements /.../It is possible that when we admire the ruins of the dialogue, which come to us cracks and cracelures is a victory of matter, which seeks to achieve its original state.
- Art Guta not transforming, does not alter the matter, it animates it. It is involved in the reconciliation of the human mind and matter, rather than attempting to subordinate it to yourself. Revealed the matter will be able to talk, even scream. Reason revives, refreshes her, and she in turn, penetrating into the region of spiritual, elevates the mind. "

Features directions

The importance of the material, placement of art in the landscape; important role given to the body and the gesture of the artist. Often their works are ephemeral, leaving traces only in the photographs.
Guta arose on the basis of abstraction, Surrealism, Dadaism. He inspired the "Art of» (Action Painting) by Jackson Pollock and, more indirectly, the French line "Basics /Surfaces» (Supports /Surfaces). In Japan, he made a revolution similar to the revolution of Dada in Europe.

Guta - a group of people who use every possible variety of techniques and materials are not limited to work in two or three dimensions, they use liquid - solids, gas - and sound, electricity ... "(Motonaga).

Guta arose in early 1955 under the influence Yoshihara, who in 1956 published a manifesto Gutay.Byli organized group exhibitions. By 1958, the artists of this group returned to the creation of paintings on canvas, prompting accusations of critics who accuse them of the loss of originality. The group disbanded in 1972 after the death of Yoshihara ..

works

Works on canvas or large sizes. "Cut the canvas, ripping it, burn it, throw it in different substances" - these are the methods hudozhesvennye direction. Typically, the product is destroyed immediately after their creation, so they are effectively nothing left. Guta with great freedom to use different materials such as dirt, Kraft, stones, picked up on the banks of rivers, colored water, curtains, covered with phosphoric paint cans ... these materials have been enlivened with bright, simple colors.

Location: forest, ruins, scenes, hangars ...
Means of expression: painting, music, dance, sculpture, theater ...
Materials: light, paper, smoke, dirt, arrows, vinyl, inflatable balls, rocks, water ...
Appeal to all senses: sight, hearing, smell, osyaschanie, taste.

Materials and equipment are very important for artists Huta. Artworks created in the presence of spectators, they are asked to participate. Yoshihara forbade artist of his works to give direction names. In addition, the 7 th Independent exhibition in Tokyo, all of the artists group were signed "Guta".

Exhibitions

- July 1955 The first performance Guta outdoors. It was called: "Exhibition of contemporary art in the open air: a challenge to the summer sun.
- April 1956 Reporting Life magazine, the second statement in the open air and the second show.
- May 1957 The first performance of the group on stage. Shimamoto composed the music that accompanied the action. From this point on, the activities Guta criticized for imitation of abstract expressionism. The Group continues to perform on stage.
- Since 1958, "classic" exhibition in Kanzay, Paris, New York, Turin.
- 1962 Creating Pinakothek Huta in Osaka.

Artists Group

Hiro Yoshihara, the founder of the group: uses calligraphy, concentrated in a single gesture, creates a sculpture of metal covered with cement, creates installations

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Imai - dealt primarily with sculpture

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Imanaka - arranged and happenings

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Akira Kanayyama: invented managed at a distance of a toy, filled with paint that covers its surface, uses a giant inflatable balloons, exhibits the following steps to 150 meters

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Seiko Kanno - fabrics manufactured from natural substances

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Sadamasa Motonaga: hanging on the branches of pine, plastic bags filled with colored water, using smoke to which he attaches a rounded shape with the help of special machines

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Mukai Shuzhi: fills in the space of imaginary alphabet

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Mukar Saburo: puts at the entrance to the exhibition, paper screens, which will be broken on the opening day, when the first visitor enters the room, puts a glass cube

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Kimiko Ohara, an active member of Action

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Sato seiche - participation in the happenings

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Shozo Shimamoto: cuts the picture, uses a gun, which shoots enamel paint; throws on the canvas bottles filled with paint, newsprint knife cuts

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Sirad Kazuo: tied up with rope, rushes into the void and splashing paint; simulates the struggle in the mud, arrows pierces a large canvas with paint, paints his nails and feet

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Sirad Fuzhiko: uses for their products crumpled paper

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Atsuko Tanaka: develops feelings. Hearing - installation of the bells, the sight - a chain of flashing lights, touch - a suit decorated with blinking lights, depicting blood circulation; exposes slack, monochromatic painted canvases, creating a composition from the figure 6

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Uemae Chu - work with paper, wood

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Yozo Ukita - throws paint on canvas

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Yamazaki Tsurikov: paintings, sostavleniiye of the mirrors and metal, used cans out of oil

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Minoru Yoshida - works with glass, neon

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Toshio Yoshida: uses fire to mark the surface of the picture; hammers, wooden pegs on the 60-meter surface, wrote watering

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Yoshivara Mishio: uses resin and dust, digging holes, which covers the electric lamp.


All these techniques show the diversity and originality of the methods of direction Huta. As Iosihara said, "to do what no one has ever done. Guta aim was the destruction of imitation and copy.

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