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Ships and palaces: that common?
Irina Kalmykov
Modern interior democratic. It finds its place a lot of artistic styles - from Baroque to the brilliant festive classics and terse minimalism. Sometimes the styles are intertwined in a most peculiar way, creating a new artistic whole. And here is especially important not to cross the border, to maintain the harmony of individual design elements and interior items. But how to define stylistic color so bright interior details, as a model sailboat? Not as difficult as it seems at first sight. Suffice it to recall that the model - a copy of a particular ship, and he, in turn - the carrier of aesthetic trends of his era.
Looking at the models of ancient sailing boats of Peter's time freezes in genuine amazement. Expression and elegant forms of ... Dynamic and powerful energy of an ornate series of figures ... Versatility of complex compositions ... impeccable transfer perspective ... you can admire forever! A rich game of light and shade, gilt and bright colors which gives the tree a smooth glossy surface, repeatedly reinforce the impression of an exquisite carving, done in the Baroque style.
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Interestingly, in the form of naval sculpture Baroque foothold in two or three decades earlier than in the decoration of palaces in St Petersburg, inferior fleet of luxury finishes. It is in the gilded splendor of the decoration of ships European rulers saw the main manifestation of power and wealth of their powers. So what comes first - skilled ship's decor, or brilliant palace interiors? Really, there is something to think about the designers and art historians ...
In the Baroque era carved reliefs and sculptures decorate all the main parts of the ship - the stern, the side galleries, the upper sides of the belt, bow, latrine and the nasal tip. Excess? Not at all! "The beauty and usefulness" - this slogan sounded the then shipbuilders. It turns out that it was carved decoration make sailing in perfect being with perfect proportions, which we admire today. Carved decoration successfully camouflaged bulky items and architectural defects in the ship. And yet, they do not violate the logic of design, not something odd and strange, creates imaginary quantities, but on the contrary, strengthened the skeleton of the ship and gave the slender silhouette lines.
The secret of elegance is simple. Ship masters have never been as free artists working exclusively for the inspiration. All the decor - an important part of engineering project - hundreds and hundreds of times thought over, marking a line on paper, and changed again by marking a line in order to eventually merge perfectly with the architecture and design of the vessel. As a consequence, in the ship's sculpture existed immutable canons decorating parts of the ship. Thus, in small vessels and galleys, food was a definite scheme of decoration. In its center was located emblem, supported by two figures, just below the title went on the ship. A modest diversity achieved by the fact that the emblem to support or figures of warriors, or the saints or cherubs (plump kids).
It would seem that time stood still. But no! Rapid development of late Baroque palace architecture shallower many dogmas, has introduced new elements in the decoration of ships. The interiors of palaces at that time was dominated by His Majesty Ornament, which was achieved by the splendor of bright color and expensive finishing materials. Paying tribute to the fashion, the stern of the ship also began to cover rokaylnymi curls (imitation shellfish), vegetable pattern or trellis netting. But in the magnificent Baroque ornamentation still vkraplyalis human figures, cherubs, dolphins. After all, they were the bearers of ideas and noble thoughts of its creator, the great hope admirals.
Baroque style - the realm of fine, "kruglyaschihsya" lines - lasted a ship's decor until the last decade in the XVIII. The palace interiors approved by laconic classicism, and Catherine II and her followers stubbornly continued to float floating works of art. Why? The answer to this question exactly, nobody knows. Probably, the empress felt nostalgia for the glorious Petrovsky fleet. And maybe, just been a fan of talented sculptures. One thing is clear: no other artistic style - neither before nor after the Baroque - was not so close to the romantic soul of sailing ship.