Work on rebuilding the burned vehicle in 1697 commissioned the famous English shipwright Fischer Harding, specially relocated to Woolwich from Depford. The ship was launched in July 1701, he was more than 10%exceeded the size of its predecessor and has turned out so successful that it was the standard for first-class ships, built later by the regulations in 1719 "Royal Sovereign" concluded the service in 1768, .
That model shows the ship "Royal Sovereign" in 1701, proved in the works of British historians Shipmodelling R. Anderson and G. Robinson, after a visit to the Maritime Museum in St. Petersburg - publications held in the March issue of "Mariners Mirrow" for 1914 They have made a comparative assessment of dimensions of the vessel, determined by measurement model with dimensions stopushechnyh five ships of the time: "Royal William" (1692), "Queen" (1693), "Victory" (1695), "Britain" (1700) and " Royal Sovereign (1701). Studies have shown the complete identity of the model at a scale of 1:48 of this magnitude, with the last of these ships. This fully confirmed the senior researcher of the museum AL Larionov and ship builders, AS Grebenshchikov conducting measurements of the model in our day and compare the results with the dimensions of the ship.
The model is made in the style of «Navy Board», which we call Admiralteisky (admiralty). This style is characteristic only of the British models created during the "golden age" sudomodelirovaniya (1650-1780-e). These were the so-called "supported by a complete" model, sometimes with the rig, but often without them. The key distinguishing features of these models is the lack of plating below barhouta and the availability of carefully executed artistic decoration of the body.
Of course, for making models, such as "Royal Sovereign", took a considerable time. Known examples of a single model to bookmark the new ship. In the case of the "Royal Sovereign", when the ship was burned by an accidental fire, such a "prudence" as the construction of pre-model "tunable" ship, and altogether unlikely. Accordingly, the longer any doubt the fact of giving a model ship "Royal Sovereign" Peter I in the spring of 1698 during his stay in England with the Great Embassy.
New version of the donation model to Peter I by the English King William III appeared in the inventory of the cabinet of Peter the Great in the Kunstkammer made up his guard Osip Belyaev in 1795 in this book model is presented as a "model British ship of 120 guns, presented to Peter the Great, William, King of England . Subsequently, this version has removed in later inventories and catalogs Model-camera and the Maritime Museum, she was present in the operating records of the Central Naval Museum.
Working on the attribution model, we conducted a study of heraldic elements in the decoration of the model. Some of them - such as the royal arms of William III on the bow shape latrines, a monogram on the Protection of the quarter and the monogram on the horse-cloth horse figure on taffrail - confirmed that the model displays a ship built during the period of William III on the throne from 1688 to 1702
The coat of arms family coat of arms of the Stuarts, who were on the English throne in the years 1603-1714. Escutcheon divided into four parts. The first and fourth relate to England, the second - to Scotland, the third - to Ireland. The components of the coat of arms of England were three lions and lilies. Lions "Passau" (going on four legs) appeared on the first coat of arms of England, which was depicted on the state seal of Richard I the Lionheart around 1195 in the second part of the British coat of arms shows a lily. Lily is a traditional emblem of the kings of France. The English King Edward III, expressing the claim to the French throne, changed the state seal, so that on it, except the British Lions, attended the French Quarter Emblem. As such, there was a print of 1340 to 1801, when George III finally refused to add his title the words "King of France". Coat of arms of Scotland - a red lion "rapman" (rampant) - on a gold background appeared on the flag of King William the Lion Scott's (1165-1214). Coat of arms of Ireland - harp.
In our model revealed two mutually exclusive royal coat of arms. At the bow shape emblem of William III of Orange (1688-1702). This fully corresponds to the "perestroika" of the ship "Royal Sovereign" (1697-1701). Being the spouse of Mary Stewart - daughter of James II, William III retained the usual coat of arms Stewart, only adding to the middle of a small shield with the emblem of the French kind of Nassau (the lion - "rapman").
The big puzzle is the second royal coat of arms discovered in the stern of the ship - is the emblem of Anna Stewart. A special feature of the reign of Queen was the fact that she ascended the throne in 1702, up to 1707 had a typical emblem of the Stuarts, and in the years 1707-1714. - Another emblem, reflecting the fact that associations of England and Scotland (in the first and fourth quarters represented the merger of coats of arms of England and Scotland, the lions "Passau" lion "rapman"). In addition, the elements of the decorative board sign a monogram Anna in the form of spaced letters A and R.
In heraldic elements, occupy a special place and plot patterns that are present in the decor. For example, nasal polifigurnoe latrine decoration in the form of an allegorical story about the fact of the transfer of royal power William III of Orange Anne Stewart. Here there are the attributes of royalty: the crown, scepter and orb, as well as the shape of a lion and a unicorn - "holders" of the British royal coat of arms. The final element, reflecting the transfer of power from William III of Orange to Anna Stewart, can serve as a female figure with a scepter and orb on the balcony railing aft quarter-horse under the figure of William III at taffrail. Attention is called to respect the previous royal family, which comes to replace Anna Stuart - the royal coat of arms and monograms, and indeed the figure of Anne, much smaller than the equestrian figure of William III and his heraldic elements. Regularities question: if the model is presented to Peter I, King of England by William III in 1698, as indicated in the records, then how to model the emblem, referring to the reign of Queen Anne Stewart, the 1707-1714?
From the analysis of diplomatic relations between Russia and Britain in the reign of Peter I can conclude that the gift model "standard" of the Royal Navy to the Russian Tsar had to precede the unusual circumstances. Such an unusual case in diplomatic relations between Britain and Russia took place in 1708, when London was insulted Russian Ambassador Andrey Matveyev Artamonovich. It lasted more than two years, ending in reconciliation, in February 1710, when the envoy extraordinary to Russia in 1704 with Charles Whitworth, elevated to the rank of ambassador extraordinary was adopted by Peter I at a solemn audentsii, which brought the king issued a formal apology on behalf of Queen Anne . We tend to assume that this case and could provide an opportunity to present a model of English stopushechnogo ship first rank "Royal Sovereign" Peter I. The very same model arrived in Arkhangelsk from England in January 1712 Narim Maygeldinov, modeler from St. Petersburg, made Measurement drawing model of this ship, which is stored in a Central Naval Museum and built a model on them. Here you can see photos of this model
http://www.shipmodels.com.ua/rus/mod...eign/index.htm In this message I will place several photos of his model.