History Quilt
Until recently it was believed that a patchwork embroidery (patchwork or quilt) is the "young" kind of needlework. Nevertheless, the oldest application, dated 980 BC was found in Egypt. And in Scythian barrows (100 BC-200 AD) found fragments of quilts with the elements of application. And created a long time from pieces of fur and leather elegant, beautiful clothes of the North? Is it not a patchwork sewing?
Russia until the middle of XVIII century was homespun. The long winter evenings leave much time for needlework. Women whiled away his spinning wheel, looms, embroidery frame. The raw material for the manufacture of tissue in the eastern Slavs were flax, hemp and wool. From fiber to the home camp of the women hand-woven fabric. The process of growing these crops, processing of raw materials was very time-consuming and labor-intensive, so the fabric weaving width of 40 cm, respectively, cut out a shirt or towel, so that when sewing little remained waste. Clothes made of homespun cloth was strong and was transferred from the older to the younger.
In Russia, home-made fabrics used for decoration of homes in the mostly peasants, but until the second half of the XIX century and the townspeople. But with the end of XVIII century and especially in the XIX century, thanks to the development of machine production in Russia, increasingly began to enter the domestic routine of inexpensive, colorful, bright cotton fabrics. Width of calico cloth was 75-80 cm, then there was more cut clothes, and savvy hostess remaining scraps were lengthened baby clothes, decorate skirts shirts, sleeves and oplechya.
Most small same, and the remaining shreds of worn-out clothes sewn together into a single multi-colored fabric. Thus appeared the art of Quilt and its symbol - a patchwork quilt, an indispensable attribute decoration of peasant homes, where reigned comfort, created by talented woman's hand. Patchwork quilt brought beauty in the everyday life of a humble, cheerful colors darilo nemudrenomu peasant housing. When parents collect the bride's dowry, do not forget to cook and quilt. Baby blanket sewn required for infants.
It is no exaggeration to say that quilts have helped to survive in the cold chilly nights of revolutions and wars, warmed "разноцветьем" memories of a happy peaceful life. In the postwar years patchwork sewing engaged only grandmother in the village who remember the hard times and the old-fashioned saving every scrap, but the rare artists, enthusiasts, lovers of textiles and folk art.
In the 1970's, the fashion became a folk style, and in connection with the awakened interest in the traditions of the Quilt. Not only local, but also the largest museums in Russia drew attention to the Russian textiles and began to study it as an art form.
Today the art of Quilt (patchwork) is experiencing a renaissance. Appeared many masters who raised this kind of handicraft to an unprecedented level, created numerous clubs, studios, workshops, explore and develop such an ancient and ever new patchwork embroidery (patchwork).
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