Mark Cornell: The high price reflects the demand for art . Art of high quality. The main demand is on him.
Mark Poltimore : Sometimes the work is very rare . For example , a genuine Rubens - a rarity. The price can be very high if the picture - the last missing in the collection of the buyer . Or it might be a symbolic picture as "The Scream" by Edvard Munch , the emblem of a precursor of Impressionism and the art of XX century. People went crazy with the one of a kind pictures - and triggered the law of supply and demand.
MK : A lot of works and genres simply disappear from the market. The more museums and foundations , the more they are bought , the less work is still in circulation. Pressure increases on offer - and the price goes up.
MP: And representatives of the emerging economies - China, Russia , Ukraine, India , Kazakhstan, Brazil - began to see art as an asset . Buy it not only museums of these countries , but also private individuals to invest .
What are the latest trends in the demand for works of art ?
MK : Quickly there are new markets , " new wealth " are growing in Indonesia , West Africa and the CIS. Yet today more than ever strong Chinese market - there is a very high demand . Hong Kong was the third of sales - after London and New York. At Sotheby's there for the third year running round the clock office . It was before, but only now has around the clock - and almost reached the level of their Western colleagues on the turnover .
Are not you afraid that the closed Chinese market will never recover repurchases in Europe and America, the values ?
MK : I do not think so . In any case, the sale of the object will not soon return to the market. This rule works in any country - the same America, Europe or China. Most non-return channel - it's museums and foundations . At the same time, the channel is doing a great job promoting the art of drawing and to the world by millions of people . The most important thing - the art remains in circulation.
MP : Sotheby's has played an important role in opening up the Chinese market. The more we penetrate there , the more we can introduce European standards of conduct transactions. For example , China does not want to sell antiques . This is understandable, because there, as in many countries , strict export regulations . But we hope to see mitigation. After 20 years or so .
Recently, talking about Russian art as a new trend .
What caused his popularity among collectors ?
MP: In 2001, the works of Russian Art Sotheby's sold for $ 7 million, and in 2008 - $ 250 million in 2013 sales fell to $ 100 million, but in the same year, Russians spent on the art world $ 300 - 400 million now buy Russian oligarchs . In the trend is nothing new - Catherine II, Morozov and Shchukin were famous collectors. Matisse traveled to Russia and drew for them. Although Russian art - a complex area .
Why we love the Russians , it's for the fact that they do not buy one picture . They always want a lot. They also love to win , "Hey , Victor, I will give more for the painting " - they shout to each other during the auction .
In other words , the rise of popularity of Russian art due to the fact that there are many collectors of Russian origin who bought " Russian " ? Just as Americans buy American , and the Germans - German ?
MP: Good question and a good intrigue . Mark and I - the British . Most likely , we will start to fly with the British - we grew up with it . The same thing happens with the Russians , the Chinese , etc. But as soon as you get stronger confidence in your taste, you will begin to search for pictures of one period , not a single country.
MK : It is indeed associated with an increase in confidence. And usually it can be applied to everything. For example, now I switched to Ferrari, but still remain happy with his Aston Martin .
Why Russian art - a complex area ?
MP: Russian - excellent artists . But they are also some of the best copiers . Therefore, we are more careful when doing catalogs Russian artists. There are a lot of studios where they create fake. We , for example, you need very strong evidence that we are dealing with the avant-garde , as 98%of Russian avant-garde - a fake . When we get a picture ? We believe it is a priori a fake, until we prove otherwise. Looking for authenticity , history paintings . For example, in the early exhibitions of Malevich's 1920-1930 's made a number of photos - for us they have conclusive proof .
In the past year, Sotheby's sold a painting by artist Mary Ukrainian origin Bashkirtseva "Portrait of a young woman reading ." It was sold as " Russian painting ." Splits in the West Russian and Ukrainian art?
MP: The difference, of course. For example, if you're English , you always see the difference between the English and Scottish - despite the fact that she was miserable . Same with the Ukrainian and Russian art.
What do you want to find in Ukraine ?
MK : I want to better understand the potential of the market to more accurately assess how I can send experts to its development. I soon came to makroperspektivoy - to feel if there's demand , and what we can do to improve it .
MP: My view is somewhat different. Yes, the first job I have - found in Ukraine interested in art. The second - to understand what they want to buy. The third - to find what they want to buy, and to bring them closer to buying . We already buy Ukrainian art - a fund FIRTASH Foundation and others. There have been quite successful sale of contemporary art from the Ukraine.
But I also need to understand who is interesting artists to bring them to the international level . Let Chinese collectors are buying Ukrainian . In November, we auction Eastern European Art . It is too early to talk about the hundred percent of sales Ukrainian authors, but maybe in five years we will have a separate department of the Ukrainian art or Ukrainian writer who will compete with Andy Warhol .
Finish the phrase " artist worth investing if ... "
MK : ... the quality of his work and meets the requirements of the money that is at buyers. But beyond the business the most important criterion in art - quality.
MP: I will answer this way : Sotheby's does not give investment advice. The only rule - buy , if you like . It's not the quantity. I would prefer to ten fantastic pictures of five thousand mediocre .
MK : It is interesting that the experts are in two opposite rules. They are not really interested in selling , and if they see that the customer is wrong ,
tell him about it. As a businessman, I'm surprised this kind of behavior - because we need to sell .
But we must always maintain a reputation for reliability that can be achieved through professional only expert advice . No investment advice, namely advice is an art about art. That's where the balance is achieved . I can get Mark's figures, but he says to me : " I sell only what is right for my clients ."
MP : I've been doing this for 30 years , and we are trying to build a long term relationship. Quick sale - it's a disaster .
What methods do you use to combat counterfeiting , and why they still come up for auction ?
MP: We are all human . Of course , Sotheby's trying to control things . And the percentage of fraud is very low. I have already said - is particularly difficult in this regard with the Russian art. We now have access to museums , where we could get 70 years. Have an expert for every artist . If you come to me and say that you are an expert in Russian art, I would be interested. But if you are an expert on Goncharova - is another matter . The main requirement for the experts - a high level of confidence. Yes, their expertise are always added chemical tests of paint, the signature verification of the artist - methods become more sophisticated. But in spite of this , in some cases, we do not buy the picture, it is not track the history up to the time of creation. We guarantee authenticity. And if you 're wrong , carefully fix a miss.
MK : Our staff and experts are studying for hours and days of work , carefully check the history of ownership. We perform a substantial part of the work , adding value to the process of buying and selling art.
What percentage of the price is art, and what - is the business ?
MP: Brand names in art - it's like the "blue chips" a top company. If you buy a well-known name in the Impressionists - you pay quite a lot for the name itself . It is impossible to figure out - how much , but when people look at Renoir , and next will hang our with you , we will cost a little less.
The calm sea is selling better than the storm. Red buy more . The small size of unmarketable . People are more willing to give a lot of money for something big. On the other hand, too large may not fit home
MK : 99.9%- quality. This is a question for the buyer . How much he is willing to pay for the investment component collection , the missing part of the collection , etc.
MP: I have highlighted the ten points that make up the value of the work : for example , a rarity , the owner, opened to the public . If a dead rat in the picture , it will be difficult to sell , even if it is Van Gogh . The calm sea is selling better than the storm. Red buy more . The small size of unmarketable . People are more willing to give a lot of money for something big. On the other hand, too large may not fit within the house. It's all commercial issues . But how they determine the price ?
What is the current status of world art market ?
MP: In the past , we sold $ 5 billion and the second we all well-known company - the absolute leader in the market.
MK : That's not counting what is happening in China . China Guardian Auction houses and Poly Auction - important players ( the 2012 one-day record Guardian was about $ 24 million , Poly - $ 66,8 million - Ed.) . We have to be prepared that in time they will only grow.
you think of online auctions potential competitors ?
MK : Online auctions are not our competitors . I'm not sure of their financial success . Many items can not be sold just as well online as they are sold in the halls. We do not have exclusive on-line auctions , but each of our sales in the hall is parallel to the internet. Perhaps the best mechanism - a combination of both approaches. Some might see the painting in person, and then buy it through an online auction. Someone will say, I do not even want to see it, it sells Sotheby's - good enough for me .
MP: I think people still will always want to "touch " that they will buy.
Mark Poltimore Question : What is special about auctions, you spend ?
MP: The auction should be a game . It shows. Even if it passes the stress and the rates are high, I try to create a fun and relaxed atmosphere. I 'm already 30 years old auctions . It's hard work - think fast , pay attention to a lot of small things at the same time , remember ... You know, at first my wife was very scared when I yelled figures at night.
And now a question to Mark Cornell : Why did you choose Sotheby's after 11 years in the LVMH? And it helps in the business of your military background ?
MK : Sotheby's - a brand name with a history and reputation , which I have always respected . It is closely intersected with my previous work on the nature of customers and product quality - I had a long experience in the LVMH Group, which helps me now .
As for the army, she taught me how to sell. There we were selling plans. To make the soldiers ' rush into the breach ", you need to convince them that it is a good idea. How to properly evaluate the circumstances to the mind to quickly draw a plan and "sell" it to your soldiers that they go after you, - I was taught the army . In a business with such knowledge easier for me to determine the right direction to create a suitable plan of action , and then sell it to a team. Be confident in where we go and what we want.
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