Raphael Sanzio "Lady with a Unicorn." Help
21/03/201112: 24
Work by Raphael Sanzio The Lady with the Unicorn "was brought to Moscow. Before March 24, she will stay in the mansion Berg in Money Lane, where the embassy is located in Italy, and then move to the Pushkin Museum of Fine and stay there until May 10.
The famous painting by Raphael Sanzio of the Renaissance, "The Lady with the Unicorn" (Dama col liocorno) was written by the artist in 1504 during his stay in Florence.
It is believed that Raphael created this portrait is not without influence, "Mona Lisa" by Leonardo da Vinci, who in those years also worked in Florence. However, according to art historians, "The Lady with the Unicorn" recalls some of Gioconda only compositional tricks.
In this portrait, painted on canvas oil painting (size painting 65 x 51) shows a young woman who is holding a tiny baby unicorn. Stylized unicorn in the painting by Raphael is more like a cute little animal home. According to legend, the same unicorn - a mythical beast with the body of a bull, a horse or a goat and a long straight horn on his forehead. According to legend, a ferocious unicorn, a symbol of purity and virginity, can tame just an innocent girl.
I picture a very difficult destiny. In the past, it was badly damaged. Restoration of the painting will return a masterpiece of its original appearance. Only in the twentieth century restorers freed painting from the later dopisok and brought it to its original appearance. In the 1930's. were found in subsequent records, which opened the complex process of distortion created by Rafael original image.
Relatively recently, was withdrawn the question of authorship.
In the nineteenth century, when the portrait was in an art collection of the Villa Borghese, its author was regarded as Perugino. And only in 1928, the authoritative historian of art
Robert Long attributed the portrait as a work by Raphael Sanzio, referring to himself beginning of the sixteenth century. Hunch confirmed radiographic study conducted in 1927, the first time in the history of Italian science. They found several layers of paintings and many curious details. It turned out that at first it was the "Lady with the Dog," and then on top of the dog appeared unicorn. Several times copied and hand the ladies.
However, the picture was not finished. Raphael returned to this thing just a few years later, and then we finished the hands of ladies, who now has embraced a unicorn. Thus, the symbolic meaning of the picture changes: the unicorn - a sign of purity and chastity.
At the end of the XVI century "Lady with a unicorn" became a St. Catherine of Alexandria: the unknown artist covered her shoulders, a cloak and depicted in the background of the wheel, a symbol of martyrdom of the saint. And just in time restoration of 1935-1936. picture back the previous form.
Subsequently, some scholars have suggested that "The Lady with the Unicorn" is a portrait of Giulia Farnese (Giulia Farnese) - mistress of Pope Alexander VI (Rodrigo Borgia), representatives of the Farnese dynasty, but later found unsubstantiated conjecture.
In the early twenty-first century re-emerged controversy regarding authorship of Raphael. Doubt on this occasion expressed his well-known art critic and chairman of the Scientific Committee of the picture Professor Pier-Luigi De eyelids that did not convince the analysis of the style of a portrait, made after the restoration.
However, the results of numerous examinations proved that "The Lady with the Unicorn" is written by Raphael, as evidenced by the specific details peculiar artistic style of this master.
The painting "Lady with the Unicorn" is kept in Rome's Borghese Gallery (Galleria Borghese) and leaves the museum is extremely rare.
Material is based on open sources of information
http://www.rian.ru/spravka/20110321/356218874.html