No, not samurai. The plot clearly religious. Apparently, the goddess of Kannon and Buddhist saints, Arhats or bodhisattva. Maybe even some specific saints, but I'm so close to Buddhism is not familiar to them to figure out.
On the stamp 2 characters 大 日 (Dayniti) read with ease, the third alleged 窑 (kama), translates as "oven", or pottery. There is a stove until now, even the site it has:
http://dainichigama.com/
But now they make blue and white porcelain in the style of Imari. Perhaps, once before and under the Satsuma did like this dish, it is difficult to say.
Added after 10 minutes
A prototype for this dish served as some sort is such satsumskaya: