was close cubists. In 1920 he published (together with Pevzner and Klutsiusom) in a poster "revolutionary manifesto" - one of the first manifesto of constructivism. At the end of 1922 settled in Berlin. In the years 1932-35 he lived in Paris, one of the organizers of avant-garde association «Abstration-Creation». In 1935 he settled in London. In 1936 he married an Englishwoman, Miriam Israels. In 1937 - one of the publishers of the magazine «Circle: International Survey of Constructive Arts». From 1946 he lived in the U.S., in 1952, took American citizenship. International recognition was in 1950-60-ies. He was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters (1965), Honorary Doctor of the Royal College of Art, London (1967), Honorary Knight of the Order of the British Empire (1971).