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Surrealism and the Surrealists

Start this subject some nesyurrealisticheskim way would be to show disrespect to the full millennia:) the history of this movement.

In addition to exceptionally favorable location of stars and satellites, prevailing at the time of the creation of this theme, the immediate occasion for its discovery was the need to find an alternative site for further discussion of surrealism, caused material on this exhibition de Chirico, - the artist, whose work served as one of the main impulses for the formation of surrealism.
The above-mentioned debate unfolded in the right, quite surrealist vein, and therefore may serve as an exemplary introduction to the topic.

Surrealism had many fathers, and still more children, but it is advisable to remember that much of the neo-and post-seed is no more reason to claim the legacy of surrealism than the inheritance of Lieutenant Schmidt.
Particularly skeptical should treat verbal claims postsyurrealisticheskih currents, carefully comparing them with actual practice (which, incidentally, refers to himself surrealism).
As aptly observed LCR in the controversy over Visionary Art (Visionary art)

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Originally Posted by LCR (Post 62456)

It starts with you all quite wonderful, with hesychasm and Theophanes the Greek, but in the end it boils down to koshmarnenkim pictures

zero manifesto of surrealism

Surrealism was not.
Almost all the artists who call themselves surrealists - not Surrealists.
Almost all of these surrealists were either unaware that they surrealists, or refused to consider themselves surrealists, or break with him.
Few of the admirers or detractors of surrealism sees the difference between the first and second.

This is the correct exegesis jokes

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from message#23 topography of de Chirico. :)

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André Breton

Finally, first and most important theorist of Surrealism was not Andre Breton, and his father Paul Florensky.

In 1922, in Zagorsk - two years before the first Surrealist Manifesto in Paris - were written the words:

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Art is oplotnevshee dream

Here's an extract from "zero" Manifesto of Surrealism Florensky:

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So, the dream and the images are those that separate the visible world from the invisible world, separate and at the same time connect these worlds. This border point snovidcheskih by establishing them as a ratio to the world that, and to the world that. With regard to conventional images of the visible world, for what we call 'reality', the dream is "just a dream, nothing, nihil visibile, yes, nihil, but, however, visibile, - nothing, but, but, apparently, contemplated and the Near-obrazami this "reality". But his time, and hence its main characteristics are built back to what is visible world. Therefore, although visible, the dream through teleologichno, or symbolic. It is full of a sense of peace, it is - almost pure sense of another world, unseen, immaterial, timeless, although it is apparently, as if real. It is - almost pure sense, encased very thin, and therefore it is almost entirely a phenomenon of another world, a world.

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The dream is the total limit of number of states and a number of Dolni experiences mountainous border refinement of the local and oplotneniya - Gdańsk. When immersed in a dream - a dream and the dream symbolized most lower experience heavenly world and the uppermost longitudinal: recent experiences of other bursts of reality, although already prednamechayutsya impressions of the local reality. That is why the dreams of the evening, before sleep, have a predominantly psycho-physiological significance, as a manifestation of what has accumulated in the heart of daily impressions, whereas the pre-dawn dream for the most mystical, because the soul is filled with night-consciousness and experience most of the night was clear and washed myself very empirical -- how she, the individual soul, is able to do it in this state to be free from bias perceptual world.

The dream is znamenovanie transition from one sphere to another and symbol. - What? - From the mountain - the symbol of the longitudinal and of the longitudinal - a symbol of the heavenly. Now it is clear that the dream can occur when both are given the consciousness of both shores of life, albeit with varying degrees of clarity. This is, generally speaking, while crossing from shore to shore, and perhaps also when the mind is kept near the border of transition and not entirely alien to the perception of the dual, ie, in a state of shallow sleep or drowsy wakefulness. All significant in most cases is either through a dream, or in some thin dream, "or, finally, - which find in a sudden separation from consciousness of external reality. However, there may be other phenomena and the invisible world, but they require a powerful blow to our essence, suddenly rend us from ourselves, or - shakiness, "twilight" of consciousness, always traveling at the border worlds, but not in possession of the ability and power to go deep amateur at one time or another.

What is said about the dream, must be repeated with slight modifications of any transition from sphere to sphere. Thus, in art soul admires from longitudinal peace and rises in heavenly peace. There, it eats without o'brazov contemplation of the essence of the heavenly world, feels eternal noumena of things and, fried, weighed ve'deniem to descend again into the world of Dolny. And then, with the way down at the border entry in Metric, its spiritual labors clothed in symbolic obrazy - the very ones who, having been fixed, give a work of art. For Art is oplotnevshee dream.

But here, in the artistic isolation from the daily consciousness, there is two points, as there are two kinds o'brazov: crossing the border worlds, corresponding to the ascent or entry into the mountain, and the transition descent dale. Images as the first - is discarded clothing daily hassles, scum of the soul, which has no place in a different world altogether - spiritually unsettled elements of our being, whereas the images of the descent - it is crystallized at the boundary of the world experience the mystical life. is mistaken and misleading, under the guise of art the artist gives us everything that arises in him when he raises his inspiration - only this time images of the ascent: we need a pre-dawn his dreams, bringing eternal coolness of blue, but what else is psychology and raw materials, no matter how they acted badly and no matter how cleverly designed and delicious. Just think about the same, it is easy to distinguish between those and the other on the basis of time: the descent of the Arts, as if it may be disconnected motivated, a teleologichno - crystal in the imaginary space-time ; the contrary, even at high connectivity motivations, art climbing constructed mechanically, in accordance with time, from which it is sent. Going from reality into an imaginary, naturalism gives an imaginary image of reality, an empty semblance of everyday life, Art is the opposite - symbolism - embodies the real images of different experiences and given them to do a reality.

And the same thing - in mysticism. Common law is everywhere the same: the soul admires from the visible and, losing sight of him, admires the region of the invisible - it is Dionysian dissolution of the ties visible. And soar gore ', the invisible, it drops again to appear, and then before her, there is symbolic images of the invisible world - the faces of things, ideas: it - apollinicheskoe vision of the spiritual world. It is tempting to take the spiritual, a spiritual way, instead of ideas - those dreams that surround, confuse and beguiling soul, when before it opens the way to another world. That spirits of this age are trying to retain consciousness in his world. The border with the world beyond, they, though local nature, are likened to creatures and spiritual realities of the world, speaking as a geometrically and physically, when podhozhdenii to the limit of this world, we enter the living conditions while continuously new, but very different from the ordinary conditions of daily life. And in this - the greatest spiritual danger podhozhdeniya to the limit of the world - with reluctance, because of worldly passions, or inability, for lack of spiritual wisdom - their own or someone else's intelligence director, or, finally, the powerless, when the spiritual body is unripe for the transition . The danger - in deception and self-deception, on the verge of the world surrounded by the traveler. World clings to his slave, stick, putting the network and tempted by allegedly reached in the field of spiritual release, and the keepers of these exits spirits and forces are not "custody threshold", ie not good defenders protected areas, there is no spiritual world, and followers "prince of air power, prelstiteli and deceivers, hindering the soul from the brink of the worlds. A sober day, when he holds his power in our soul, too obviously different from that of the spiritual, ie, beyond, to lay claim to the seduction, and its materiality is recognized as a serious, but help us yoke as good draft land, hampering our movement and together - gives a foothold, righteously, detaining the rapidity of our volitional act of self-determination, both good and evil, in general, stretching a single moment of eternity, ie, forever, angelic define themselves in one way or another at the time of our lives and makes life our earthly life, not stagnation, passively having an all pre-existing possibilities, but a feat of true samoustroeniya, Art Sculpture and chasing our being.

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MV Nesterov. Philosophers (SN Bulgakov and PA Florensky)

Dear Art-Lover, in this text Florensky linked with dreams the direction of art, which is called symbolism and surrealism not. It is the symbolism of what he calls a spiritual art compared with naturalism. "Zero manifesto" You call it surreal, huh?

Good question, Munch, I waited for him from you. :)

What is the central tenet of surrealism? - Recognition of the realism of the subconscious.
What is important in the symbolism? - Recognition of the realism of the spiritual world.
Symbolists claimed outside the hearing, thinking, feeling and vision lies ultraboundary world, an open poetry. So did the Surrealists.
The term "subconscious" Surrealists used as a synonym for the spiritual world - with a curtsey in the direction of science.

Surrealism - a kind of incarnation of the symbolism. Both directions recognize the supreme reality and aimed at her expression, the differences in terminology and methods of art should not blind us to the point.

Text Florensky interesting is the fact that the intended interpretation oniricheskoy reality there has parallels Jung's psychoanalytic approach.
"Dionysian dissolution of the bonds of the visible" can be associated with mental fantasies, and "apollinicheskoe vision of the spiritual world, where before his inner sight" there is symbolic images of the invisible world - the faces of things, ideas "- from the contemplation of the archetypes of the collective unconscious.
(The full text Florensky there is one striking parallel with Jung - an attempt to explain the example of dreams "of non-random coincidences" - the mysterious meaning of events matches the real and spiritual world, which Jung called "synchronicity").

Significant in the teaching Florensky of the symbols of the spiritual world - realism. Recognition that character - not a metaphor, not allegory, not a sign - a symbol of what is real, valid, and is the unity of reality of both worlds.
"Symbolic obrazy - the very ones who, having been fixed, give a work of art" - a Florensky are images of real things.
The main demand of the Surrealists to the artistic way - so that through him "shining" supreme reality "surreal."

Thus, nothing prevents us from symbolism Florensky treated as Russian surrealism.

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Originally Posted by Art-lover (Post 233036)

Who then is a true surrealist, and who is not?

In my opinion, gentlemen, you are now, as in the topic about de Chirico, and seeks the truth, wherever it is absent. You say that only de Chirico was a true surrealist, or, say, protosyurrealistom. At the same time members of the "Gang Breton" You (Art-lover, to you, this ratio has not) call a dependent individuals who were trying to invent something new, riding on other people's ideas .. First of all, it was not nuzhzhno. They set themselves the global challenge: osuschestveit a revolution in consciousness, to spread its influence on all kinds of creative activity and thinking. Liana, in one of his posts in the topic about de Chirico has the quote: "Playing the dream, the current artists as wrong as they are wrong, depicting the machine in 1916," "Art of the Impressionists, devoid of mystery, was boring; today's painting is disappointing, because it makes all the secrets to the surface. "And what are they wrong? take the same tango or Delvaux, do their work did not reflect the premise of surrealism - the art of ultimate reality? mysterious world Delvaux, with its naked girls, it was unclear who had taken from the ordinary with the first sight space. Sculptable iridescent forms Tanguy-like landscape unknown planet ... etc. This new world vision, which could exist or may exist but in a different space, time, etc. It is mysterious and unusual and can easily dream about any of us. If you paintings of Dali, Magritte, Dominguez denied puzzles, then I am sorry ...

Chirico was also not a simple backslapper. Riddles planted around and around, and the Surrealists was easy to initiate.
According to unverified facts Chirico went with a mirror, and when Breton asked what he thought about the boy-seller, Chirico did not turn his head and looked in the mirror and said: this is a ghost. Breton nearly flopped with happiness: D;)

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'ET QUID AMABO NISI QUOD AENIGMA EST?' (What shall I love if not the enigma?)

No words can describe and express the creativity of artists, so for clarity, made подборочку to 4 main representatives of Surrealism: Magritte, Tanguy, Delvaux, Dali ... Little by little, in 10 works for everyone.

Rene Magritte

and now "prohidney" according to some, but only a genius in my opinion - Salvador Dali.

1. Hunting for tuna
2. Discovery of America by Christopher Columbus Sleep effort
3. The Temptation of St. Anthony
4. Geopolitical child watching the birth of a new man
5. The Enigma of William Tell
6. I can not remember
7. Leda Atomika
8. Last Supper
9. Splitting of the atom
10. Song, inspired by the Flight of a Bee around a Pomegranate, a second before awakening.