Thank you all for an interesting topic, interesting links and comments. Read with great pleasure.
Ingarden wrote, of course, nudnovato, but in essence he's right. ".. In any structure depicting the picture as it contains some neizobrazhayuschaya picture ... as its essential component and that the value of this component depends strongly on the aesthetic value of the whole picture. "
I would say easier. Any picture - it's just a combination of tsvetoform. It is this combination determines the aesthetic value of the painting. Artists by their very nature, a warehouse and external factors at work with tsvetoformami leaning more toward either the form or in the direction of color. In this case, simply put, the priority of color "kills" the shape and form of priority "kills" the color. Or: the maximum shape - at least in color, and vice versa, the maximum color - at least form. That is why Ingres said that the shape and color - antagonists. Deviation in any of the parties is not infinite and has a limit. For clarity, an example. "Mona Lisa" example at the point of priority forms. By color - it's actually grisaille, nobody discusses the advantages of this colorful picture. All the enthusiasm concerning the mysterious smile, eyes, position of hands, etc., that is, form. Contemporaries also very skeptical of Leonardo as an artist, because in those days, the balance in the painting is clearly leaning toward colors and Leonardo knocked out of the total number.
"Black Square" - an example of an extreme point of priority of color. Form of elementary and .. like is secondary, respective utility with respect to color properties, and is the only organizing factor. Important here - the color spot color masses without any interference, because color is the most profitable local spot. It is a flat local spot has the greatest impact on perceptions.
(Abstract painting can be called a kind of "toy harmony", but as Pushkin said: "The mind can not be satisfied with some toys harmony, imagination requires pictures and stories." Picasso knew it, so came away from pure abstraction. Therefore, the same age of abstraction, will not be long. )
All the space of painting lies between these extremes, as here told to "slide rule". Each artist chooses his place on the closed interval. In this regard, the abstractionist painter does not differ from the artist's classicist, gently issuing the sepia fingers at the foot of Jupiter. They just have different priorities, but they are both in the space of painting. "So, for example, works by Rembrandt will be fine in a different way than the paintings of Raphael or Leonardo da Vinci. And almost impossible to say that the product of one higher than another, for example, self-portrait by Rembrandt in the fez beautiful a portrait of Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa, or his. "
Harmonious combination of form and color, in my opinion, the biggest challenge for the artist. It is only by great talent. Our century - the century of the weak, so we have to choose what to "kill" - the shape or color to make your life easier. Most choose the "death" form, it is easier, no need to spend years training.
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