IVAN IVANOVICH SHUVALOV. INTERESTING HISTORY OF RUSSIA.
Ivan Shuvalov – smart and well-read young man, who became a favorite of Empress Elizabeth to the end of her days. Contrary to the accepted canons, he did not use the situation for their own enrichment. On the contrary, Shuvalov was a patron of the arts and philanthropist. And its contribution to the formation and development of science and art is difficult to overestimate. The people of the country owe him for the many masterpieces that he with a light heart, were donated to museums. And art schools @- national artists and sculptors.
What won the heart of Empress boy-разумник
for the First time, Shuvalov was seen with Elizabeth at the wedding of Prince Golitsyn and his sister. He caught her attention with his thoughtfulness and lack of desire to have fun. In addition, the future favorite was handsome and liked to dress well. Elizabeth, really loved the holidays, noted for its scenic suit. Later, Ivan Ivanovich and Empress held a meeting in private, which gave his cousins. Shortly thereafter, he was produced in cameras-юнкеры, and then he was appointed actual Chamberlain.
the Young man received a good education at home and knows 4 languages, was markedly different from the rest of the entourage of Elizabeth. He was not interested in the usual entertainment of the Imperial court, attracted the dances, and to communicate with the girls he was indifferent. All that Shuvalov preferred to spend his time reading books and thinking.
Elizabeth could not have been other positive traits of Ivan Ivanovich – he showed arrogance and remained indifferent to the opportunities for enrichment. At the same time a man he became very influential. A few years before his death the character of Elizabeth was terrible, but Ivan Shuvalov left the right of the report to the Empress, he also prepared the decrees and voiced her solution to the dignitaries.
Noble" без desire for wealth"
Despite the proximity to the Empress, and the availability of opportunities to advance and prosper, Shuvalov was modest in material Affairs. According to him, he enjoyed and saw no reason to take ranks. Despite this, the Shuvalov, of course, not in poverty. He had a mansion in Saint-Петербурге and estate in the village of Baykovo.
But hell Shuvalov did not go in all know the measure. When in 1757 he was offered the title of count, of senatorial rank and the city of the soul in the bargain, favorite refused. A gift in the amount of 1 million rubles, received from the dying Elizabeth, were transferred to the successor of the Empress, Peter III.
an Active patron of science and art
the Foundation of the Moscow University Shuvalov was due, he begged the Empress to sign the corresponding decree. He favorite became the first curator and played a huge role in its formation and development. It picked up professors, students and curriculum, has established the conditions for life and study, controlled the finances of the institution. From 1756 to open them University press began to print" Московские ведомости".
In 1757 in Saint-Петербурге under the direction of Shuvalov was opened by the Academy of arts. Teachers for school, he was taken abroad. Favorit personally purchased the necessary for training works and gave the institution a huge collection of paintings. As for the pupils, something about them he cared especially, and he found new talent. For example, he noticed that the great sculptor Fedot Shubin and engaged in his education.
Besides Shuvalov engaged and less ambitious, but no less important things. He was often left at home in the care of the sons of poor officials. He is also the founder of schools in several provincial cities.
Not remained aloof from the activities of Ivan Shuvalov and theatre. He achieved that at the yard have started to put Russian plays. And in 1756 was opened the first public theatre in Санкт-Петербурге.
How life has changed Shuvalov after the death of Elizabeth
Along with the death of Elizabeth in 1761 and ended the power of the favorite. Shuvalov swore allegiance to Catherine II, who came to power after the Palace coup in 1762. The current Empress was quite kind to him, but did not want to keep near themselves the favorite of the former Queen. Officially he was not excommunicated from the court, but such freedom of action and expression, as earlier, Shuvalov afford not could. In 1763, he went abroad and stayed there for 14 years. According to the official information he was there on vacation" po disease". Other sources talked about the fact that he did it out-за his daughter Lisa, born Maria Naryshkina – Shuvalov was afraid of gossip.
Even outside of the Russian Empire, Ivan Ivanovich had to carry out orders of the Empress. The impetus for such behavior Catherine became the fact of appointment of Shuvalov in the Purple League, where previously foreigners were not welcome. In 1769 he used his connections in order to provide the conditions for a decisive campaign of Alexey Orlov in the Aegean sea. A year later, thanks to Shuvalov managed to achieve the removal of the Nuncio Durini exhibiting ill will against the Russian Empire.
in Addition to political Affairs Shuvalov did not forget about more enjoyable for him activity he was engaged in collecting works of art. Later this collection was transferred to the Hermitage and the Academy of fine arts.
Shuvalov returned home in 1777. In honor of his arrival to the press published a number of works of praise. Shuvalov again became close to the court and became a frequent companion of the Empress, but in political Affairs was not involved. With regard to the core of his case, to his dismay, he saw the fruits of his earlier activities in poor condition — valuable paintings piled in the basement, talented artists who had to beg, Shubin, who was working in the dark and cold Studio. Shuvalov immediately began to put everything in order.
throughout the life of Ivan Shuvalov helped people and never asked for anything in return. He did not use his position for personal gain, all actions were aimed at supporting the needy. Even charitable contributions, most of them, favorite was doing secretly. Over him forever its fame as intelligent, noble and educated person.
However, among the favorites of influential monarchs this attitude to money is rare. Often close trying by all hook and crook
Source: https://kulturologia.EN/blogs/190219/42273/
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