ART. JEWELER PAUL AKIMOVICH OVCHINNIKOV
was a serf, who managed to revive the ancient technology and became a well-known manufacturer.
Born a serf, he achieved wealth and success with their work – created the most renowned Russian jewelry, restore ancient techniques of Russian ballet, has achieved the attention of the Imperial court and opened a private school, where he used innovative ways of training. Pavel Ovchinnikov – goldsmith, industrialist, thinker and teacher, became a key figure of Russian culture of the mid XIX century...
Pavel Akimovich Ovchinnikov was born in 1830 in the Podolsk district and was a serf of Prince Volkonsky, but the usual fate of a serf saved him before, and unusually brightly shown the ability to draw. His brother had received his freedom and held a workshop gold and silver in Moscow.
Paul joined him as an apprentice, and eight years later was able himself to freedom. Ovchinnikov lucky and once his fiancee got a good dowry, which he successfully invested in the development of their jewelry business. Four years later, the turnover of the company reached half a million rubles.
he First showcased his work in 1865 at the exhibition of manufactured works. However, there he was humble and exhibited for worship in the drawings of academician Bernikova.
And then – the endless ladder of success. Factory Ovchinnikov takes part in major exhibitions in Russia and abroad, consistently receiving high honors, and soon becomes purveyor to the Imperial court. Factory obtained the right to use its products to national emblem.
In Paris, the jeweler won a silver medal for a writing instrument dedicated to the emancipation of the serfs in 1861.
write About it –" Овчинников known throughout Russia, and the fame acquired by". It was a rare combination of energy, charm, persistence, entrepreneurial spirit, the rational mind and high artistic talent. He alone ran the company and significant efforts were made to advertise in Russia and abroad.
Ovchinnikov was not just a successful industrialist – he was the real popularizer of enamel cases. Never before factory products were not covered such a complicated stained-glass enamels.
Ovchinnikov and his colleagues used a variety of options for the application of enamels – small inclusions or large-scale, complex ornaments... Ovchinnikov was not afraid to combine enamel with black and other ways of decoration.
in addition, he bravely experimented with styles, interpreting, for example, chinoiserie and other Oriental areas. However, flirting with the topic" востока", he did not forget about the roots, for example the Polytechnic exhibition of 1872 was a magnificent set of views of Moscow.
At the same time in a decorative-прикладном art is a strong commitment to the interpretation of Russian national motives. Engravings with views of cities, scenes from Russian history, popular prints and patterns – range of unjustly neglected artists of the images was so great that everyone could find in the depths of Russian culture that-то close to his tastes.
Pavel Ovchinnikov skillfully wove" древнерусские" motifs Oriental, achieving expressive and impressive plastic lines. Ovchinnikov and his master studied the experience jewelers pre-Petrine era to get something original and at the same time" подлинно Russian", conducted experimental development of new techniques of creating enamel.
So it is on the factory Ovchinnikov after a long search, was restored, it would seem, has long been irretrievably lost technique of cloisonne enamel – however, the wide distribution it received. But the window, or stained enamel, which is very rarely used in Russia and in the West, it was developed by masters Ovchinnikova.
Fabrikant did not hide their achievements and research research your company, willingly shared discoveries and scientific information in his books.
besides, he has collaborated with many famous artists of his time, for example, Lancer.
national flavor products Ovchinnikov appreciated foreigners, to call to Moscow or St.-Петербург that housed the shops of the factory.
to return to Paris without a souvenir with the stamp of factory Ovchinnikova? Impossible! Sets, bowls, cups, covered with stained enamel, were given diplomatic appointments and were offered important personages throughout Europe.
But the priority of factory work was the creation of Church utensils – more than sixty years, the temples and monasteries turned to the factory Ovchinnikov. The elements created by the masters of the factory of the decoration can be seen in the Church of the Savior-на-Крови in Saint-Петербурге and the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow.
in addition, Ovchinnikov was a good Manager and teacher. He sought to ensure that workers are in no way needed, and the organization of their work and life was at altitude. His views he outlined in revolutionary for the time book" Некоторые data concerning the everyday life of workers and apprentices in factories and handicraft establishments".
He was one of the first manufacturers opened craft-художественную school, which lived one hundred and thirty pupils, who for six years had mastered as a General science, and drawing, sculpting, calligraphy. The school"s students regularly won awards at various exhibitions, which demonstrates the high level of their training. The students worked at the factory, but only had a job related to their training and enhance their skills. It is strictly forbidden to employ juveniles to perform the dirty work, cleaning services.
His demise led to the death of the company. Ovchinnikov sons inherited his entrepreneurial spirit, love of experimentation and a sense of style. The works presented by them in 1900 in Paris, earned a lot of compliments as an innovative and technically complex. The factory was closed after the revolution, and its property was nationalized. Now preserved products factory Pavel Ovchinnikov sold at auction for a lot of money both in Russia and abroad.
Text: Sofia Yegorova.
Source: https://kulturologia.EN/blogs/240619/43488/
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