The mansions-шедевры Lev Kekushev
Запись от Про искусство размещена 22.03.2019 в 05:11
Mansions-шедевры Lev Kekushev," the father of the Moscow art Nouveau" and the man mysteriously-драматичной destiny
If to speak about buildings built in pre-revolutionary Moscow in the art Nouveau style, it is imperative to mention two mansions architect Kekushev. They are extremely original and, interestingly, built by the architect not to order, but for themselves. Fortunately, both houses are in excellent condition and we have to look at them, admiring the imagination and talent of the" father of the Moscow art Nouveau".
At the turn of XIX-XX centuries, Lev Kekushev was a very well-known and successful architect and teacher. Work architect usually began at six o"clock-семь morning, carrying out orders, sometimes so addicted to that often left out of estimates of the client, however, his ideas do not give" extra" done at their own expense. On the one hand, this obsession with and passion for the job, in the end, forced him to go into debt. On the other – now we, the descendants, have the opportunity to admire the masterpieces of his architectural thought, not constrained by the framework of circumstances.
the Mansion-замок on Ostozhenka./Photo:vladimirdar.livejournal.com
Style, designed by the Moscow architect and based on the experience of the famous Belgian architect-модерниста Victor Horta, has received in his time the name" kukulevsky modern". His unique style was always recognizable.
the HOUSE ON OSTOZHENKA
At the time of construction of the Gothic building on Ostozhenka Lev Kekushev already had a private apartment house, and this small but elegant" castle" he built around him, for his wife. So the house is still called the mansion of Anne of Kekusheva.
Architect with a wife and children./Photo:Museum of architecture Schusev
Asymmetric building reminiscent of a European castle of the Middle ages, represents the diversity and ambition of the architect. Different volumes and shapes of the original window openings and decorated framing, stucco, mosaic, tent-roofed tower, an unusual combination of colors – all this makes the house not like any other in Moscow and very romantic. Very well and the combination of brick, plaster and ornamental inserts. Completed the picture of a huge lion of the work of the Austrian master Otto Wagner set on a high gable of the street facade.
Retro-фото. House with a three-meter lion./I. A. Palmin, A. I. Victorov
Inside the building everything was arranged very efficiently and, at the time, fashionable: in the center – the main staircase on the first floor – living room, hall and office Kekushev, in the attic parts of the house – the bedroom. The building had 15 rooms.
it looks like in our days the Grand staircase.
Interestingly, this project was originally intended to be the future home of Savva Mamontov, which was built in the center of the Boulevard (good Kekushev joint work with V. Kuznetsov). However, due to bankruptcy of the merchant"s grandiose plans could not be implemented." Don"t want to waste such an interesting idea! thought Leo Kekushev and used the draft to build their own home, adding to its new gorgeous items.
the Architect brought to this project the most original ideas.
In 1903 the building was completed. It is believed that in this work Kekushev as a master of art Nouveau sold all their years of accumulated ability and disclosed all the talent.
detail of the decoration.
About the life and career of an architect after construction of the mansion, known only fragmentarily. According to some reports, he suffered a dramatic breakup with his beloved wife, after which they tried several times to get back together again, but in vain. As for his projects, after the revolutionary events of 1905, the popularity of art Nouveau in architecture began to wane, which resulted in the sunset of the career of Leo Kekushev.
about his architectural projects created later, in 1912, nothing really unknown. His last work is the old believers " hospital and the warehouse on the Transfiguration of the shaft, after which his name ceased to be mentioned in the Newspapers. According to some sources, the architect died in 1913. On the other – from 1913 to 1917 he was in a psychiatric hospital, where he died.
60-х years of the last century in this house-замке housed the military attaché of the United Arab Republic, then – Defense Ministry Egyptian Embassy. Alas, during its existence, the building has lost much of its exterior and interior decor, but at the end of last year was completed reconstruction of the original appearance of this unique building.
If you look closely, you notice that the roof is not enough famous lion (the building before restoration).
Experts has updated stucco, plastering, metal decoration, restored the ornaments. At the end of the work the house even became the winner of city competition" Moscow restoration" in several categories.
the Building after restoration.
In December 2017-го on the building reappeared, a copper lion. The fact that some time after construction (probably after the death of the architect) the king of beasts disappeared, and the exact data about the circumstances of the disappearance of modern historians no. To recreate the sculpture of the modern restorers managed by a single preserved in the archives photograph.
the lion Now stands on its original site
HOUSE IN GLAZOVSKY
Speaking of talent Kekushev as a modernist, it is worth mentioning the other mansion, which is also called" House of leaves". This house is considered the first building built in the art Nouveau style in Moscow.
it Is necessary to clarify that to the great composer this building, situated in Glazovskiy pereulok, is irrelevant: it was given to the Moscow entrepreneur of foreign origin, the nephew of the owner of several large factories Gustav Sheet – Otto Adol"fovich Sheet.
Mansion Sheet.
the original building, built on land that belonged to the wife of Lev Kekushev Anna Ionovna, was designed by architect only for themselves. The house looks festive and at the same time strictly. Interesting combination of brick and black granite and, again," kukulevsky" asymmetry and rasmotrenie window.
And the home got here a couple of years before the construction of the aforementioned mansion on Ostozhenka.
again, the asymmetry and the combination of different forms and materials
the fragment of the unique home.
also On site was built with office space – with stables, rooms for janitors and drivers, area for the storage of carriages and so on.
the Combination of marble, brick and plaster.
about how the owner of the building was Otto Sheet, there are two hypotheses based on the memoirs of contemporaries. According to one, lovely mansion of the architect was so pleased with the rich industrialist that he decided to sign him and offered to host him for such an astronomical sum that just couldn"t resist. According to the second version, Kekushev originally was not going to live in this house and built it with the aim in the future to sell more expensive. This is indirectly confirmed by the fact that settled, he decided it was in the house on Ostozhenka, but not here.
pieces of the house Sheet.
Original tunes.
having Experienced the financial crisis, the Leaf sold a house Natalia Kusevitsky – daughter of the richest tea Ushkova and wife of the composer and conductor Sergey Koussevitzky. This house was frequented by great musicians – for example, Rachmaninoff, Prokofiev, Shalyapin, Grechaninov...
Kusevitsky (standing right) in the company of great musicians (Chaliapin, Sabina, etc.). Berlin, 1910.
Shortly before the revolution the house was bought by the banker and the owner of factories Alex Meschersky. Alas, living here he had lived. After the 1917 revolution-го Lenin tried to negotiate with the industrialist, however, after hearing it, called Meshchersky crook, was followed by immediate arrest. Its factories, as well as famous mansion was nationalized. After serving his term and is released, Meshchersky emigrated to Finland.
In the rooms of the house in Glazovsky, first housed the library. In 1990-х it was the Argentine Embassy, and in 2003-м it was transferred to the government of the Kaluga region.
Text: Anna Belova
Source
Link to original
If to speak about buildings built in pre-revolutionary Moscow in the art Nouveau style, it is imperative to mention two mansions architect Kekushev. They are extremely original and, interestingly, built by the architect not to order, but for themselves. Fortunately, both houses are in excellent condition and we have to look at them, admiring the imagination and talent of the" father of the Moscow art Nouveau".
At the turn of XIX-XX centuries, Lev Kekushev was a very well-known and successful architect and teacher. Work architect usually began at six o"clock-семь morning, carrying out orders, sometimes so addicted to that often left out of estimates of the client, however, his ideas do not give" extra" done at their own expense. On the one hand, this obsession with and passion for the job, in the end, forced him to go into debt. On the other – now we, the descendants, have the opportunity to admire the masterpieces of his architectural thought, not constrained by the framework of circumstances.
the Mansion-замок on Ostozhenka./Photo:vladimirdar.livejournal.com
Style, designed by the Moscow architect and based on the experience of the famous Belgian architect-модерниста Victor Horta, has received in his time the name" kukulevsky modern". His unique style was always recognizable.
the HOUSE ON OSTOZHENKA
At the time of construction of the Gothic building on Ostozhenka Lev Kekushev already had a private apartment house, and this small but elegant" castle" he built around him, for his wife. So the house is still called the mansion of Anne of Kekusheva.
Architect with a wife and children./Photo:Museum of architecture Schusev
Asymmetric building reminiscent of a European castle of the Middle ages, represents the diversity and ambition of the architect. Different volumes and shapes of the original window openings and decorated framing, stucco, mosaic, tent-roofed tower, an unusual combination of colors – all this makes the house not like any other in Moscow and very romantic. Very well and the combination of brick, plaster and ornamental inserts. Completed the picture of a huge lion of the work of the Austrian master Otto Wagner set on a high gable of the street facade.
Retro-фото. House with a three-meter lion./I. A. Palmin, A. I. Victorov
Inside the building everything was arranged very efficiently and, at the time, fashionable: in the center – the main staircase on the first floor – living room, hall and office Kekushev, in the attic parts of the house – the bedroom. The building had 15 rooms.
it looks like in our days the Grand staircase.
Interestingly, this project was originally intended to be the future home of Savva Mamontov, which was built in the center of the Boulevard (good Kekushev joint work with V. Kuznetsov). However, due to bankruptcy of the merchant"s grandiose plans could not be implemented." Don"t want to waste such an interesting idea! thought Leo Kekushev and used the draft to build their own home, adding to its new gorgeous items.
the Architect brought to this project the most original ideas.
In 1903 the building was completed. It is believed that in this work Kekushev as a master of art Nouveau sold all their years of accumulated ability and disclosed all the talent.
detail of the decoration.
About the life and career of an architect after construction of the mansion, known only fragmentarily. According to some reports, he suffered a dramatic breakup with his beloved wife, after which they tried several times to get back together again, but in vain. As for his projects, after the revolutionary events of 1905, the popularity of art Nouveau in architecture began to wane, which resulted in the sunset of the career of Leo Kekushev.
about his architectural projects created later, in 1912, nothing really unknown. His last work is the old believers " hospital and the warehouse on the Transfiguration of the shaft, after which his name ceased to be mentioned in the Newspapers. According to some sources, the architect died in 1913. On the other – from 1913 to 1917 he was in a psychiatric hospital, where he died.
60-х years of the last century in this house-замке housed the military attaché of the United Arab Republic, then – Defense Ministry Egyptian Embassy. Alas, during its existence, the building has lost much of its exterior and interior decor, but at the end of last year was completed reconstruction of the original appearance of this unique building.
If you look closely, you notice that the roof is not enough famous lion (the building before restoration).
Experts has updated stucco, plastering, metal decoration, restored the ornaments. At the end of the work the house even became the winner of city competition" Moscow restoration" in several categories.
the Building after restoration.
In December 2017-го on the building reappeared, a copper lion. The fact that some time after construction (probably after the death of the architect) the king of beasts disappeared, and the exact data about the circumstances of the disappearance of modern historians no. To recreate the sculpture of the modern restorers managed by a single preserved in the archives photograph.
the lion Now stands on its original site
HOUSE IN GLAZOVSKY
Speaking of talent Kekushev as a modernist, it is worth mentioning the other mansion, which is also called" House of leaves". This house is considered the first building built in the art Nouveau style in Moscow.
it Is necessary to clarify that to the great composer this building, situated in Glazovskiy pereulok, is irrelevant: it was given to the Moscow entrepreneur of foreign origin, the nephew of the owner of several large factories Gustav Sheet – Otto Adol"fovich Sheet.
Mansion Sheet.
the original building, built on land that belonged to the wife of Lev Kekushev Anna Ionovna, was designed by architect only for themselves. The house looks festive and at the same time strictly. Interesting combination of brick and black granite and, again," kukulevsky" asymmetry and rasmotrenie window.
And the home got here a couple of years before the construction of the aforementioned mansion on Ostozhenka.
again, the asymmetry and the combination of different forms and materials
the fragment of the unique home.
also On site was built with office space – with stables, rooms for janitors and drivers, area for the storage of carriages and so on.
the Combination of marble, brick and plaster.
about how the owner of the building was Otto Sheet, there are two hypotheses based on the memoirs of contemporaries. According to one, lovely mansion of the architect was so pleased with the rich industrialist that he decided to sign him and offered to host him for such an astronomical sum that just couldn"t resist. According to the second version, Kekushev originally was not going to live in this house and built it with the aim in the future to sell more expensive. This is indirectly confirmed by the fact that settled, he decided it was in the house on Ostozhenka, but not here.
pieces of the house Sheet.
Original tunes.
having Experienced the financial crisis, the Leaf sold a house Natalia Kusevitsky – daughter of the richest tea Ushkova and wife of the composer and conductor Sergey Koussevitzky. This house was frequented by great musicians – for example, Rachmaninoff, Prokofiev, Shalyapin, Grechaninov...
Kusevitsky (standing right) in the company of great musicians (Chaliapin, Sabina, etc.). Berlin, 1910.
Shortly before the revolution the house was bought by the banker and the owner of factories Alex Meschersky. Alas, living here he had lived. After the 1917 revolution-го Lenin tried to negotiate with the industrialist, however, after hearing it, called Meshchersky crook, was followed by immediate arrest. Its factories, as well as famous mansion was nationalized. After serving his term and is released, Meshchersky emigrated to Finland.
In the rooms of the house in Glazovsky, first housed the library. In 1990-х it was the Argentine Embassy, and in 2003-м it was transferred to the government of the Kaluga region.
Text: Anna Belova
Source
Link to original
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