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The Sculptor Paolo Troubetzkoy

Запись от Про искусство размещена 10.04.2019 в 05:08

Forgotten names exile: How the son of Prince Trubetskoy was a famous Italian sculptor from notoriety.


the Sculptor Paolo Trubetskoy and his most famous work is the monument to Emperor Alexander III

Paolo troubetzkoy was the unique successor of the famous dynasty Trubetskoy was born in Italy but lived for many years in Russia, having significant influence on domestic arts, and received no systematic artistic education, but taught at the Moscow school of painting, did not read" War and peace" and other books but was a friend of Leo Tolstoy. He was criticized for the grotesqueness of the images, but has entrusted the creation of a monument to Emperor, which led to the scandal. And that"s not all...


P. Trubetskoy. Portrait of a mother, 1912

Paolo"s Father, Prince Peter troubetzkoy, was in the Russian Royal court. In 1863 he was sent to Italy as a diplomat of the Russian Embassy in Florence. In Russia he is survived by his wife, but abroad, he met another woman, which want to link their fate, American pianist Ada Wynants, who came to Italy to study singing. To save him from the publicity of his illegal marriage, Prince troubetzkoy moved with his wife to Northern Italy, where they had spouses Stahl. Soon they had three sons: Pierre (Peter), Paolo (Paul) and Luigi (Ludwig).


P. Trubetskoy. Mrs. Bernheimer, 1897


P. Trubetskoy. Moscow cabman, 1898

Paolo"s Mother was fond of not only music, but sculpture and painting in their house frequented by the artist Daniele, Renzoni that had a great influence on the formation of the interests of all sons. Elder brother Peter became an artist, and Paolo 8 years got into sculpture. Finished professional education he never received, although it worked in the studios of Giuseppe Grandi and Ernesto Bazzaro.


P. Trubetskoy. Portrait of Prince Alexander Meshchersky, 1895

In 1885 Paolo troubetzkoy purchased his own Studio in Milan, and a year later participated in the same exhibition, where they presented their work and visited the United States, where he held a personal exhibition. After this he began to receive orders from the rich Italian clients. But the first successes were soon replaced by a string of failures: his family went bankrupt, he sold the Villa and Paolo had to move from place to place and even work on farms to provide for the family. But by that time his name has become famous in Italy, and soon an additional source of income become custom portraits.


P. Trubetskoy. Left – Portrait Of Isaac Levitan, 1899. Right – Portrait of Fyodor Chaliapin, 1899-1900

In 1890, the sculptor, received the first prize for the project of the monument to Garibaldi in Milan, and the year – award for project of the monument to Dante, Trento. He participated in European exhibitions and international Biennale in Venice, his works were exhibited in Russia. In 1897, Paolo troubetzkoy has received an offer to teach sculpture at the Moscow school of painting, sculpture and architecture, and over the next 8 years was engaged in teaching, having influenced the formation of a number of Russian artists.


Left V. Serov. Portrait Of P. Trubetskoy, 1898. Right – P. Trubetskoy. Portrait of Leo Tolstoy, 1899


P. Trubetskoy sculpts a portrait of Leo Tolstoy, 1898

Paolo troubetzkoy often shocked the audience with their habits and statements: for example, he argued that" for the sake of full independence of thought and attitude to life never read or read". While Leo Tolstoy felt for him sincere affection and interest, posed for him, when he was working on his bust, and had long conversations with him. Secretary of Leo Tolstoy-V. Bulgakov wrote:" Sculptor Paolo troubetzkoy ... belonged to the favorites of Leo Tolstoy... He loved his simple open soul, truth, hatred of the secular conventions, love for animals, vegetarianism... Amazing people: talented, but completely primitive. Have not read anything, even" War and peace" don"t know, never studied, naive, rude, and all absorbed in his art. Tomorrow will come sculpt of Leo Tolstoy and we will have lunch".


P. Trubetskoy sculpts a portrait of Leo Tolstoy, 1898


Leo Tolstoy and Paolo troubetzkoy on horseback,

adherents of the conservative views of the St. Petersburg Academy accused the sculptor in the failure of the classical canons, and advanced painters of the time – support. Trubetskoy became friendly with Repin and Levitan, his portrait wrote Serov. The sculptor we hardly ever spoke at-русски, but it had a significant impact on Russian culture.


M. Tenisheva posing for the sculptor P. Trubetskoy, 1898

In 1900 Paolo troubetzkoy among the many candidates won the competition for the monument to Alexander III. Initially it was assumed that the Emperor should be shown seated on a throne, but the sculptor has offered his version of the sketch with another idea – the king on horseback, and its layout was simply delighted widow of the Emperor. His work Trubetskoy treated as a historical mission and was very surprised by the barrage of criticism that befell him:" In a monument there is nothing classic is a completely ideological monument. Negative attitude towards me from the audience, I am inclined to explain largely known for originality, novelty... I wanted the image of Alexander III to present the great Russian power, and it seems to me that the whole figure of the Emperor on my monument embodies my basic idea".


the opening of the monument to Alexander III in St.-Петербурге, 1909

However, the intent of the author, no one realized that many members of the Imperial family considered a sculpture caricatured and opposed the installation of the monument. Nicholas II wanted to move the monument to Irkutsk," send him to Siberia, away from their offended sons eyes." Critics were looking for subtexts and hidden meanings, saying, Trubetskoy actually presented to the king in the image of the tyrant – it"s too massive and heavy and looked the horse and the rider. In addition, the sculptor was credited with the phrase, supposedly once he said," My goal is to portray one animal on another." Anyway, the Dowager Empress was impressed with a portrait likeness sculpted image of the Emperor, and in may, 1909, the opening of the monument.


the Original sculptures and P. Trubetskoy at the monument to Alexander III in St.-Петербурге, 1909


the Monument to Alexander III in the courtyard of the Marble Palace

After that in St. Petersburg a scandal: a newspaper article was full of headlines:" Disgraced monument"," the Greatness and vulgarity". Poet A. Roslavlev wrote on the work of troubetzkoy epigram:" it Is a dresser, on the dresser – the Hippo, the Hippo – bonehead". And Ilya Repin exclaimed:" Bravo, Bravo, Trubetskoy! Adorable! Congratulations To Russia!.. What courage, breadth!" The author he interpreted so:" Russia, crushed by the weight of one of reactionary kings, going backwards". Repin staged in honor of the Trubetskoy Banquet in the restaurant, but out of 200 guests, was only 20.

In 1937 the monument under the guise of reconstruction was removed from Vosstaniya square and moved to the storage yard of the Russian Museum, and in 1994 was installed in the courtyard of the Marble Palace.


P. Trubetskoy. Left – Portrait of his wife. Right – a Portrait of Auguste Rodin

Russian period of creativity is called the most productive in life Trubetskoy, here he has created about 50 works of the most recognized. Having fallen out of favor to the authorities, he was forced to leave Russia. But his notoriety has followed him abroad, where it began to be called the" sculptor of the aristocratic nobility". 12 Feb 1938 Paolo troubetzkoy died.


P. Trubetskoy. On the left a Seated lady. Right Ballerina


P. Trubetskoy sculpts the portrait of George Bernard Shaw, 1926

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