Genre painting - landscape and still life

All artists interested in the theme of landscape. All the best pictures created in the theme of landscape, distinguishes one thing in common - the immediacy and poetic display of wildlife. Ability to convey the originality of colors and forms, see the beauty even in places where nature is the same magnificence and beauty, depicting familiar in the landscape. Landscape known as the artistic image type locality with the objects of nature. Among the established genres of fine art, landscape occupies a central position.
 The best landscapes can be traced ability to observe nature, to see it as important, discarding secondary. Of a well composed picture with good composition in the depicted fragments of nature or a landscape with a wide space. Cityscape shows not only nature but also the characteristics of reality. Emphasizes the natural beauty of deep space transmission. Completed landscape produces a holistic experience, expresses the state of nature, depth, space and volume forms.
 Creativity requires the artist's concentration and immersion into the world of created images. The tendency to maximize accurate representation of nature in art is called naturalism. Any image - it is always a subjective vision of the artist.
 In the XIX century, artists painted pictures, actively using the rules of perspective, from a naturalistic precision reflecting reality. XX century was the heyday of different directions in art, and a simultaneous search for new unconventional means of expression. All this was reflected in the landscape. Landscape has always been a popular theme.
 Introduced into the landscape artists of all kinds of interpretation and innovations designed to emphasize the stylistic features. The artist must have a developed imagination, have a common culture and craftsmanship. The skill involves not only the technique, but also the ability to observe nature, to select and compile. All shades of the landscape in nature are subject to a single color that is present in all elements of the landscape. This system determines the overall color color sketch. In the realistic painting of color serves to display truthful nature. The artist must be able to notice the subtle nuances of color combinations, and displaying it in the film, not to create repeatable landscape image. Artistic display of nature is unthinkable without reference to its various states. Very valuable expression of the state of nature, which corresponds to the motif of the landscape.
 To the genre of landscape is depicted in an open environment: mountains, fields, meadows, sea view, landscapes, streets, buildings, etc. The landscape is always associated with the concept of space. It can be both natural and created by man. Depending on the motive there are two main areas of the landscape: the natural and architectural.
 Rural landscape combines natural and architectural features. Landscapes with the motives of the Nature: the sea ("Marina"), flat (portrayed fields and rivers), forest and mountain. Distinguish the same landscape showing a specific, truly existing motif, and landscapes that are the fruit of the creative imagination of the artist.
 There are several ways to write the landscape: the open air, from memory or imagination. Are the most realistic landscapes painted en plein air. Landscapes painted from memory or imagination may be different original compositions. Under natural conditions, there is converging perspective, we perceive as an imaginary parallel lines of descent and imaginary prospective reduction, as well as air and atmospheric.
 Change the color of the distance image is called aerial perspective. Atmospheric perspective - a transfer with the cut and color treatment of certain items outside the state of nature. Light and lighting in the landscape character are important and are one of the expressive possibilities of creating an artistic image.
 Landscape - a variety of work, requiring the artist's intellectual work, inspiration and imagination.
 In the world history of art oil painting often took the leading place. It is her role was largely due to the fact that no other art form can not be transmitted visible phenomena of the world, the image of man or nature so fully as in the painting. Moreover, the expression of the fullness of the external, visible world in oil painting can reveal a deep inner meaning, and meaning of social phenomena, the spiritual life of man, his thoughts, feelings and aspirations. Why is it possible in painting such a transfer of the external appearance of fullness of the world and our perception. The answer is obvious, because everybody knows that the original oil in contrast to other types of art has as a main color, the primary means of expression of life, and because in reality all that exists has its particular color, a color, a painting can best convey this property of matter. All other forms of art for the transfer of light and color in nature, but often use paint as a material inferior to painting in the fullness, depth and accuracy of the transfer. True, the scenic image is associated with the plane and in this sense it is too arbitrary and gives the sculpture, with specific tangible three-dimensional form, but in sculpture, even a fully painted, the color of the lighting and so inconstant and changeable, while an oil painting remains thin nuances of color, seen and captured by the artist in moments of greatest creative upsurge and inspiration. Landscape - a genre that has long been considered of secondary importance. It would seem that it does not require sophisticated skill pattern, complex composite solutions, its color palette is limited, but this is speculative assumptions based on superficial characteristics. That the landscape is fair, deeply meaningful, requiring great skill genre, evidenced by the many examples.
 Landscape problem: how to transfer sunlight, shadows, reflections on the foliage and bodies, the refraction of light in the fast jet stream, a natural place among the figures of people concerned about the nature of many artists.
 Landscape was even at the core of Impressionist painters, and led to radical changes in oil painting as a whole: lightening of color, artistic exploration of deep, real space, to the fragmented composition to the addition of a new method of writing - "alla prima".
 Finally, a landscape sketch was of the school, which honed their art of painting for several generations of artists. However, one should distinguish between landscape and landscape painting Sketch.
 Etude, which is written directly from nature, usually quickly, in one or more sessions is not intended to create a complete image of nature. The beauty of the Etude in swiftness, escaped into the accuracy of individual observations in the true state of the transfer of instant landscape, emotional paintings.
 Landscape painting is created in the studio more often, like the works of other genres, it's finished, carefully and thoughtfully made (not to be confused with the thoroughness of detail drawing), expression of general ideas about the nature of work. Each movement in art has given its features in the landscape and in understanding the landscape of space. Until the last century Landscape space was built primarily on the basis of the theatrical scene with the romantic foreground illumination, scenes, and a flat long-range plan; a painting dominated by dark colors. It is true that some major artists (eg, Brueghel), we meet with an amazing realism to the concept of space, but the real flowering of landscape painting has on the nineteenth, early twentieth century. We say that English painters Gainsborough, Turner, Constable, famous Russian landscape painter Vasilyev and S. Shchedrin, a galaxy of French Barbizon School and later flows. Artists are making high art in the transfer of real movement that occurs in nature, interference of light and air, atmospheric conditions, solid images and the fusion of a human figure with the landscape. Should be considered as a separate genre marina, a marine landscape. He has a number of features associated with the image of the sea. A special genre of painting called Still Life (dead nature), are paintings depicting the objects around us. Still Life is sometimes referred to laboratory work. It has attracted many artists and innovators: Cezanne, Picasso, Matisse, primarily because of the "laboratory" the greatest artists can focus attention on the image of objects through the very art form, not complicated plot, and other tasks.
 In some cases, the artist concerned primarily the transfer of material, texture objects, in others - plastic forms. In Holland, the genre was called not a "dead nature", and "quiet life", and small-sized still lifes, the old Dutch masters, in fact, rather than form, and "portraits" of things, a glass of fine glass emerges from the dark background of one or two highlights, truly call; pulp a cut lemon filled with juice; precious antique silver shimmers. Flemish still-life should be called a lush life, so filled with large canvases of all kinds of eatables. For Picasso and Braque still life-forms on complex analysis of the plane to Cezanne - tangible, solid, weighty mass of objects, their plastic construction. But, ultimately, inspiring artists in the performance of still lifes most beautiful things of the world around us.
 We briefly stopped at the genres of painting with oil, because that's what this form of art peculiar to the greatest variety of genres.
 The main function of genre-ordering of content. Thus, considering the thematic picture of oil, we do not seek to elucidate the nature of each character by itself, first of all attention is directed to the interaction of characters, in a portrait, by contrast, did not significantly interact, and the character. Still-life composition is called the thought of inanimate objects or objects of flora and fauna. Still Life in Russian language means "dead nature." In the still lifes depict inanimate objects - a flower, fruit, vegetables, animals, birds and other objects of everyday life of man.
 In the art genre of still life displays life man. The concept that brings together works of art on the basis of similarity of subject matter referred to the genre.
 Art works of one genre show a specific area of ​​human life or nature. In painting distinguish genres of landscape, still life, interiors, portraits and narrative paintings. The most popular genres of still life is ranked. Prior to the beginning of the XVII century still life as an independent work of art does not exist. And for the first time, as a genre, still life appeared in the Netherlands. The main feature of the still life is that the artist displays a certain vision of peace through inanimate objects.
 Creative process is the creation of the painting (art), starting from the origin of figurative design m to its embodiment, the process of translating observations of reality in an artistic way. The image in art form is called mapping the phenomena of reality or form of artistic reproduction of reality. Working on a still-life, the artist is not concerned with the kind of finished, as is observed in the work on the portrait, landscape or interior, and he made it. It combines different subjects into a coherent group.
 The construction works carried out in such a way that had been agreed all the parts that meet the content and composition is called.
 Thus we can distinguish two main types of still life. Still life with different compositions show you how to for themselves through color, plastic, texture. The second type of still life, through images of objects reveals the image of the person to whom they serve, and talks about this time. In any still-life should clearly be traced two positions: the ratio of the artist to the depicted object, and marked plastic composition relationship to each other inanimate objects with their surroundings. Crucial moment in the creation of still life is still life setting. It should be noted that in the still life are equally important: the composition, selection of items and form an image.
 In modern art artists do not adhere to common rules of composition construction. The choice of type depends on the perspective of the creative idea of ​​the artist.
 The right balance of color and shadow of the illuminated parts of objects is the primary task of the artist as a painter. The phenomenon of color interaction has the same meaning as in the open and closed space. Lighting can be a cold, causing harsh shadows or soft diffused.
 Create a still life - this is not a passive display of nature and the creative process. Crucial role in the painting as an artistic tool that has the color, yielding the most complete, in comparison with other types of fine art, figurative map of the objective world. The integrity of a work of art provides a harmonious combination of objects from the environment. True art does not copy what they saw, and an interpretation of the creative imagination of the artist. Channel >