RUSSIAN ARTISTS Fyodor Vasilyev (1850-1873) Part 2
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RUSSIAN ARTISTS Fyodor Vasilyev ( 1850-1873 ) part 1
This"boy - wizard ," as Repin , already as a young man was able to see and depict nature as an experienced landscape.But his creative life in fact lasted only five years. Vasiliev worked at one time with Shishkin , Savrasov and many other recognized masters.But next to them , he , a young man managed to stay himself and make a significant contribution to landscape painting.Inheriting from the older generation strictly realistic approach to nature , the ability to accurately and truthfully transmit Russian nature , he introduced to the art of living lyrical feeling of immediate experience , sensitivity to all shades of the changing nature of the state ."He was destined to make a Russian landscape that last missing and lacking : poetry in a natural rendition"- wrote Kramskoj.
Made enough for them to get into a number of the greatest masters of Russian landscape painting. The artist"s life ultimately measured by its creatures. Short way Vasilyeva - a great way to a great master.
In winter 1870 the artist caught a bad cold , and he found a lung disease.In the spring the disease worsened and turned into tuberculosis. At the suggestion Stroganov Vasiliev spent summer 1871 in his name in the Kharkov and Voronezh provinces. There he continued to work.To this period of his work include: plein-air landscape" Rye" ,"Topol sunlit"unfinished landscape" Village".
Rye.1870
« Topol »
1870 oil on canvas 43.7 x 65 2
Smolensk Regional Museum of Fine and applied Arts Smolensk
« On the Sink"
1871
Paper on canvas, oil.14 x 15.5 cm
State Literature Museum
Back in St. Petersburg Vasiliev created one of the most important of his works -" The Thaw", which was presented in early spring 1871 on competition in the Company to promote artists and won first Prize. This painting carried a high social content , it is thoroughly imbued with melancholy and sadness , inspired by the artist"s bitter reflections on the life of the Russian countryside.
In 1871 F. Vasilyev paints a picture that drew public attention -" Thaw" , a copy of which despite its pessimistic tone , the artist booked for the imperial family.
« Thaw »
1871.
oil on canvas 55,5 x 108,5
State Russian Museum
St. Petersburg Russia
Nature reluctantly wakes up from its winter sleep.This awakening is no joy.Rusty tones melting snow turning into a sticky mud , fog and distance murky watery sky , lonely figures weary pedestrians more painful anxiety enhance mood. But it does not exclude, but even emphasizes the unique beauty of the landscape. Vasiliev continues his discovery of Russian nature , seeking to discern in her most intimate , unique, that is peculiar only to her melodious softness of the lines that outline the hills and hillocks , tenderness dull colors , desert expanse of fields.
painting was big, even huge success for the young artist.It was bought by Pavel Tretyakov.At the competition , hosted by Society for the Encouragement of Arts," Thaw" won the first prize , while the"Monastery of the Caves"Savrasova which Vasiliev could be considered one of his teachers , received a second.The following year, sent to London for the World"s Fair" Thaw" sparked an enthusiastic article English reviewer.
« Surf waves »1871-1873
oil on canvas, 136 x 221
State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow
« Pine Grove in the swamp »
1871
oil on canvas. 60 x 95.5 cm
State Russian Museum
« pond at sunset »
1871.
« Volga bank after the storm »
1871.
oil on canvas. 66.8 x 102.5 cm
State Tretyakov Gallery
Autumn forest.1871-1873
Winter. 1871
« Evening in Crimea »
1871 oil on canvas.39.2 x 50.7 cm
State Tretyakov Gallery
Despite the favorable conditions of life of the Stroganov, the health of their Vasiliev has not corrected.Society for the Encouragement of Arts gave him the means to go to the Crimea.Before leaving Vasiliev was enrolled as a volunteer student of the Academy of Arts and received the title of artist 1st degree with the condition to withstand the test of scientific course. Vasiliev moved to Yalta , taking the album working with sketches and sketches Ukrainian village motives. In Crimea on these sketches and memoirs he wrote one of his best paintings - wide epic"Wet Meadow"(1872).Strict on picture composition affects freshness, depth and rich color gradation inside.Nature image imprinted Vasilyev , fraught with complex range of feelings , conveying feelings of the artist. This picture is deeply excited Archaeology.
« Wet Meadow »
1872.
canvas canvas 70 x 114
State Tretyakov Gallery Moscow
In the heart of the picture - contrast frozen , as if asleep land , with a tiny small lake full of stagnant water and stormy sky with swirling clouds. NNGe said Vasilyev"opened wet , light, moving heaven." The main theme of the artist - the highest enlightenment of all light dark , stagnant , not awakened in nature
One of the features of" wet meadows"inherent in most other things Vasilyeva - is the image and integrity with order a thorough and detailed elaboration of details. Under the artist"s brush every blade of grass , stone with sun glare , dry branch - all seems equally precious , all seems to lie glow attentive and loving gaze of the artist.
For Vasilyeva, Nekrasov "s words ," there is ugliness in nature"- should only be able to see.
"Wet meadow"hot deserved praise Archaeology , whose letters were almost only for Vasilyeva , but fruitful relationship with the Russian art scene.Vasiliev was very proud of Archaeology advice , shared with him his plans and doubts.
He writes about the peculiar painting pictures of finality about the fantastic natural light and at the same time , which it is impossible to take your eyes , and that is true to the state of nature Vasiliev , so at manifested in different ways still wet from the rain trees in the breeze on the water flown in escaping the shadow of a cloud in the bright spring green grass bathed rain shown in the foreground.
Appearing in the early seventies , during the formation of a new type of landscape painting Vasilyeva was for its time a rare and remarkable phenomenon , opens a new path for the Russian landscape painting :"The new road is always small roadways , though it was the shortest and - wrote Kramskoj Vasilyev during the emergence of the" wet meadows"in the competition - and will be a long , time, until all are convinced that it is this way for a long time was needed ."
Written not from nature , and composed by the artist based on sketches made in different places and at different times, she was struck by the freshness of contemporary painting, precision recreate the atmosphere and most of all , coming from her agonizing feeling uncertain.The film won the award Society for the Encouragement of Arts.
Vasilyev Academy awarded the title of"class artist of the first degree ." At the next competition he won second prize.
Wet lug1.1872
In Crimea Vasiliev spent two years , the degree of intensity of his creative life was amazing. Making due to illness forced outages , performing ordered him painting takes longer amount of time in the spring of 1872 the artist develops motifs Crimean nature ...
On the seashore.1871-1873
sea with ships.1871-1873
Landscape. Crimea.1871-1873
Crimean landscape.1871-1873
Winter in Crimea. 1871-1873
In the Crimean Mountains.Creek. 1871-1873
Eriklik.Fountain (Crimea).1872
« In Crimea.After the Rain »
1872.
Canvas on cardboard, oil.21 x 31.5 cm
State Tretyakov Gallery
In the set of figures, he painted two paintings :" Swamp"and"View of the Crimea", for which he was awarded a prize from the Society for the Encouragement of Fine Arts in 1872.He begins painting"In the Crimean Mountains ," is working on a canvas" Surf in Yalta".
Last finished work Vasiliev -"In the Crimean Mountains (1873) - different subtlety of color relationships , united by a grayish- brown color , the image of nature becomes in her shade heroic grandeur. This immediately struck by the paintings Archaeology , which, despite some of his remarks , considered her genius.
« in the Crimean Mountains »
1873.
oil on canvas, 116 x 90
State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow
It is written in vertical format that compels the viewer to look up from the ground and focus on the image of the sky and the mountains, covering not look entire scene.artist called such works"painting up".
You had to have flair and taste Vasilyeva to of exotic nature of Crimea chosen so simple and yet so significant motif : the road on a hillside , a mountain chain stretching away to the sky and pine - lonely trees on the bare , sun- baked earth ox- wagon rolled slowly along the rocky road , swirling clouds over the spurs mountains. In the sky unfolds before the viewer a magnificent picture of life forces of nature , has not only connected with the mountains, but with clouds and sky. Clearly there is a huge space included in the picture transmitted by cloud movement from top to bottom.Compared with clouds slope seems more tangible , the painted surface of the canvas becomes plasticity in general outline slope expressed appreciable upward movement in the realm of mists and clouds, no longer subservient to the laws of the land.
Painting largely imperfect, but its shortcomings were evidence of the new and unknown steep path which joined Vasiliev.It felt thin Kramskoj , Vasiliev wrote about the picture :" This picture - no matter what is not like anyone does not imitate , not the slightest , even the remotest similarity with any artist with any school , it is something to such an extent a specific and isolated from any influence , standing outside all the present movement of art, I can only say one thing : this is not good , that is not quite good, even sometimes bad, but it - brilliant ."
« Crimean mountains in winter »
1871-1873
oil on canvas. 32.4 x 43.6 cm
State Tretyakov Gallery
Recent work Vasilyeva" Morning ,""Swamp in the forest. Autumn" ,"Abandoned Mill"partially completed."Abandoned Mill"is the best example of this picturesque decision , which he dreamed artist. He tried to check in practice matured by them understanding color. These paintings meant a new stage in the artist , according to the new linking them meaningful romantic tradition XIX century landscape painting of the second half of the XIX century.
« Morning »
1872.
oil on canvas. 58 x 96.5 cm
State Russian Museum
The basis of the composition of the landscape" Morning" includes full-scale sketches of a particular motif with just outlined outlines marshland and walking on a rainy morning hunter. But it was not enough to come to life again in the soul of the artist"s memories of the morning over swampland.
Most canvas takes a picture of the sky, the horizon tightened grayish ash cloud , which rises above the band of morning sunlight.It affects the tonal harmony and beauty the feeling of a living , like a moving light , the eyes will change the natural color natural.
"Swamp in the forest »
1872 oil on canvas 81 x 111,5
State Russian Museum
St. Petersburg
« Abandoned Mill »
1871-1873
Paper on cardboard , watercolor, gouache, white, brush, pen , proskrebanie.44.1 x 51.9 cm
State Tretyakov Gallery
« Abandoned Mill » 1871-1873
oil on canvas. 45.4 x 56.4 cm
State Russian Museum
Of all the works executed Vasiliev in the Crimea,"Abandoned Mill"stands alone and seems surrounded by mystery, since none of his letters we do not meet on any mention of it.Externally also somewhat incomplete , this picture is actually far beyond their content beyond a particular story and expresses most experienced Vasilyev enchanting impressions of nature Ukraine with its peculiar cast of"poetic soul".
The painting is executed in greenish and silvery- gray shade , the color green seems to change their natural color.Thanks to more obscure cold light, relaxed veil of fog , it has become more uncertain and acquired silvery shades.All entries in the color picture form in its combination truly found surprisingly common coloristic system, characteristic of the dawn hours.
Abandoned Mill 1. 1871-1873
Crimea.Yalta.1871-1873
« In Crimea.After the Rain »
1872.
Canvas on cardboard, oil.21 x 31.5 cm
State Tretyakov Gallery
Evening in the Crimea.1871-1873
« Lombardy poplars on the lake. Evening »
Spring 1873 painting classes continued. The artist had to finish him and ordered already paid painting" Dawn"is a new"type of pictures" that the artist wanted to perform , but the death has not given his dreams come true.
Dawn.1873
Fyodor Vasilyev died September 24, 1873.
On arranged in St. Petersburg posthumous exhibition of his works was all sold out even before its opening.
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