Artist Ivanov.A.A

Alexander A. Ivanov 16. 07. 1806, St Petersburg - 03. 07. 1858, in the same painter, draftsman, watercolorist, author of the compositions on mythological and biblical scenes, landscape, portrait. The son of a historical painter, professor of IAH AI Ivanov. From 1817 he studied at the Academy as a "foreign student" from his father and AE Egorov. In 1822, for drawing from life was awarded the large silver medal in 1824 for the program now "Priam, Achilles is applying for Hector's body" - a small gold coin of the funds donated by OPH. In 1827 for his film "Joseph interpreting dreams concluded with him in prison, the butler and baker," and cardboard "Laocoon with children" - a gold medal from the OPH. The picture was exhibited at the academic exhibition. In 1828, Ivanov was promoted to the class artist and the right to pensionerstvo overseas. In 1829, OPH has offered him the job done on the subject of ancient mythology, "Bellerophon is sent to the campaign against the Chimera," as was said - "for a final check before sending his abilities at the expense of OPH in Italy." Successfully coped with this task, in the spring of 1830 the artist left Russia. From 1831 to 1858 he lived in Italy (until 1838 as a pensioner OPH). Communicated with Russian artists. He was friendly with OA Kiprensky and NV Gogol, whom he met in 1838. Advice of the famous masters of the classic lines - the painter and sculptor V. Kamuchchini B. Torvalds. Was influenced by Overbeck, head of Nazarenes, inserting a romantic on-board in German painting. Soon after his arrival in Italy, Ivanov began working on paintings on the biblical story ("Joseph's brothers Naho thyroid-cup in the sack of Benjamin," 1831 - not finished) and a plot of W-greches mythology ("Apollo, Hyacinth and prns. Making Music and on foot. "1831 - ^ -1834). The latter differs harmony and a classical solution of 1836 with great success exhibited BMX. At the same time Ivanov was awarded the title of academician of painting. OPH extended the pensionerstva for another two years. By 1833 a new design is the work Christ Appearing to Mary Magdalene after the Resurrection "(1835). This is a nude of the most perfect works of Russian art meets all of the classic areas of aesthetics. In early 1836 the painting was shown in Rome in May, sent to Leghorn, and then by sea to Russia. In September 1836 a great success exhibited BMX. At the same time Ivanov was awarded the title of academician of painting. The picture was presented to Nicholas I (in 1843 paid the artist for her 1,500 rubles. Silver). In the 1830-1840-e Ivanov wrote several excellent portraits: Vittoria Marini (early 1830), Vittoria Kaldoni (1834), nudes Assunta (1840), Nikolai Gogol (1841). In the first half of 1830 the master set to work on his main canvas, "Christ Appearing to the People (the Messiah)", seeing this work as a service to the idea of ​​moral elevation and spiritual enlightenment of mankind. The embodiment of grandiose plan took more than twenty years. "Preliminary" sketch (RM), which in 1834 showed the artist Kamuchchini, Thorvaldsen, P. Overbeck and Cornelius, as a general solution is very different from the final version, as the following, "Stroganoff" sketch (TG, comes from the collection of SG Stroganov, the artist called it earlier). About 1836 (1837?) Was carried out another sketch, by definition Ivanova - "next to the picture" (RM). That it is most important, because when you write a small version of the picture was for the author of the workers. Appeared after a trip to Venice, the so-called Venetian sketch (second half of 1830, TG) in fact is likely to be one of the early versions, and then spelled in the spirit of the Venetian school. In 1836, Ivanov began to write film "The Appearance of Christ to the people" with the size of the figures "in the third part of the human growth" (apparently, the first phase of work was done "next to the painting" sketch). The relatively small size of the canvas (172 x 247 cm), according to the explanation of the artist, he took a forced, because of "extreme poverty". However, after a prolonged period of OPH I pensionerstva, ordered a large canvas! size (540 x 750 cm) and j in September 1837 began to paint again. In 1851 he visited the studio of the artist, his compatriot collector KT Soldatenkov, who wished to purchase one of the more close to the final completion of the thumbnail. . Most scholars of Ivanov believes that the artist gave Soldatenkova modified version of the picture, which began in 1836 (in 1858 exhibited at the exhibition Ivanov IAH). Work on the painting progressed slowly and hard. Far not been found immediately satisfying track artist inscribed in non-traditional space. It is organized in such a way that focuses the image of Christ and his true value picks up small pieces to the ecumenical razmerov.k At the same time the work was over, and by other orders of creation over which the method of synthesizing an image of John the Baptist's head boy, he used to profile the expression spiritual tension. For Christ wrote with antique statues, three variants of the head of Apollo Belvedere, Venus Medici, and the Laocoon Mask ", all on one canvas) and full-scale Study (" Head of a young woman with earrings and a necklace, "" The Model Assunta "). Been looking for a servant, who at first wanted to portray the bald shaved with the leaked eye and a rope around his neck (studies "a slave's head with black hair. The head of a slave, shaved, with a stamp on the forehead and the head of a slave with a rope around his neck," etc.), but then declined to less repulsive naturalistic detail. Similarly, the work took place on other images - John, of the Apostles, "the boy coming out of the water," "an old man leaning on a stick," "trembling." The number of etudes hundreds. Grand canvas, "The Appearance of Christ to the people" with a total romantic conflicts and polyphonic sound plastically decided in the tradition of the academic school. A special place this idea in the history of Russian and European art is defined not so much the very picture of how the work of full-scale images and sketches. In an effort to convey truthfully diffuse daylight at the clear sky and its impact on the overall solution pictorial (image of water, rocks, trees, clothing the naked bodies), the artist wrote tirelessly in the open air. In his small canvases he came very close to the opening of plein air painting, artists far ahead of the second half - the end of the XIX century. Dozens of studies carried out by Ivanov, are strictly applied nature and are directly linked to specific pieces of the picture. This image of fabrics and draperies ("Draperies, lying on the ground about a rich old man and a slave," "Yellow and white fabrics for draperies, lying about a rich old man and a slave," "Draperies, lying on the round table"), sketches of trees ("Young Trees, "" Trees by the water, "" Trees by the stream, "" Leaves, "etc.), soil, water and rock (" Rock & herb, "" Stone, "" Soil "" Stone in the green near the water , "" Rocky shore of the river, "" Water, rocky shore and the rocks in the water "," Water and rocks under Palatstsuola "," Foot Vikovary. Rocks the River, "" The soil near the gate of the church of St. Paul at Albano, "etc. .) Of particular interest is a little work "branch" (the end of 1840). It is a kind of link between the fragmented and open-air sketches made in 1840-1850-s full-scale landscapes. Most of them - it dalevye species with great vision and breadth of the space. They are characterized by monumentality and philosophical attitude ("Appie Island road at sunset," 1845; "Pontine Marshes", "Monticelli (Tivoliyskie mountain)," "Monte Savel, whether" all - the first half of 1840, "Naples Gulf of Castellammare in "1846" Villa Adriana "," View of the Roman Campagna, "both - 1840). He wrote more chamber music artist and motives ("Olive Grove", the end of 1830, "Castel Gandolfo in the Alban hills," "A tree in the park Gidzhi" both - 1840, etc.). A special group of works originally associated with the canvas, "The Appearance of Christ to the people", form the so-called Neapolitan boys, "Seven boys." "Four naked boy," "Three naked boys," "Naked Boy," "Standing nude boy," "Sitting and lying naked boys on a green background" (all - 1840 1850). In fact, this Study nude outdoors. In the late 1840s, Ivanov is in deep ideological crisis, the artist wanted to bypass Russia, to visit Palestine. He wanted to teach in MUZHV than the official IAH their democracy. A tragic twist of fate will not allow these plans to fruition. Two months after returning home Ivanov died from cholera. His film "The Appearance of Christ to the people" soon after his death was bought by Alexander II and presented to the IAH. Channel http://v-protasov.ru