130 years since the birth F. Krichevsky

[Самвел]

Bagato residents Ірпеня znayomy pam'yatny sign із білого Marmur, якій стоїть біля budinku number 1 on вулиці Pavlenko (kolishnya vulitsya Революції), near the bazaar. Many people familiar Irpen memorial sign in white marble, which stands near the house number 1 in street Pavlenko (formerly Revolution Street), near the bazaar. Proteus, for pity, not leather знає, scho Tsey sign Subjecting 1979 roku to honor 100-richchya s Day narodzhennja видатного Ukrayinsky artist, honored діяча мистецтв, professor, doctor tickled mistetstvoznavstva in Ukraine, tickled the rector Академії мистецтв Ukraine Fedor Grigorovich Krichevskogo, який alive in 1946-1947 pp. y nashomu місті. However, unfortunately, not everyone knows that this sign is placed in 1979 in honor of the 100-th birthday of the famous Ukrainian artist, honored art professor, the first Doctor of Arts in Ukraine, the first rector of the Academy of Arts of Ukraine Theodore G. Krichevsky, who lived in of 1946-1947 in our city.

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In bagatoh довідниках about Krichevskogo можна read! - Narodivsya 10/22.V.1879 pp. in місті Лебедині on Слобожанщині - died 30.VII.1947 pp. in місті Ірпені on Київщині. Many references can be found on Krichevsky - 10/22.V.1879 was born in the city of Lebedin in Slobozhanschyna - died 30.VII.1947 Irpen in the city of Kyiv region. We п'ятнадцятирічному віці, nezvazhayuchi to harrow батьків, дістався to Moscow, before joining De school of painting, sculpture ta архітектури, yak закінчив 1901 roku z відзнаками (дві Sribni медалі). At the age of fifteen, in spite of bans parents, got to Moscow, where he enrolled in the school of painting, sculpture and architecture, from which he graduated in 1901 with awards (two silver medals).
W 1903 roku to 1910 The Year - navchavsya in Петербурзькій Академії мистецтв, спочатку in Іллі Рєпіна, потім in майстерні Franz Roubaud. From 1903 to 1910 - studied at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, first as Ilya Repin, and then in the studio by Franz Roubaud.
W 1913 Givet in Києві, викладає in Київському hudozhnomu училищі. Since 1913 lives in Kiev, teaches at the Kiev Art School. W 1914 r.. - Director цього pledge. From 1914 - director of the institution. SW 1917 - pershiy Rector Академії мистецтв Ukraine. Since 1917 - the first Rector of the Academy of Arts of Ukraine. Потім trivale creative zhittya, створення bagatoh чудових paintings, jak-of "adverbs", "Portrait of LY After a long creative life, the creation of many wonderful paintings, for example, "Bride", "Portrait of LY Staritskogo "," Переможці Wrangell "," Dovbush "she bahato інших, які steel невід'ємною частиною Ukrayinsky мистецтва. Staritskogo "," Winners Wrangell "," Dovbush "and many others that have become an integral part of Ukrainian art. So stislo можна сказати about Krichevskogo. So in short can be said about Krichevsky.
Якщо in публікаціях causeth дані about the artist in різні періоди його zhittya, something about останній період - ірпінський - Majzhe нічого not відомо. If the publication shows the artist at different periods of his life, something about the last period - Irpen - almost nothing is known. And tse buv найскладніший період have житті artist. And it was the most difficult period in the life of the artist.
Війна found Fyodor Krichevskogo in Києві. The war caught Fedor Krichevsky in Kiev. W невідомих us reason він s birthplace not evakuyuvavsya once із художнім інститутом in Samarkand, and zalishivsya in Києві. For reasons unknown to us he and his family NOT evakuyuvavsya with the Art Institute in Samarkand, but remained in Kiev. Survived усі труднощі tickled rock okupovanogo mista - rozruhu, hunger, cold. He survived all the difficulties of the first year of the occupied city - the devastation, hunger, cold. 1942 roku він W homeland переїжджає to the village Shishaki de bula його villa, Ale після окупації Poltava, Krichevsky at віці 63 rokiv, hard sickly, повертається to Kyjeva. In 1942 he and his family moved to the village Shishaki, where was his summer residence, but after the occupation of Poltava, Krichevsky at age 63, is gravely ill, returned to Kiev. In осені have nogo відкрилось krovotecha curse shlunku i німецький лікар professor, shanuvalnik мистецтва ryatuyuchi Krichevskogo vid смерті 1943 році carry його in німецько Misto Кеслінг. In the fall he started bleeding ulcer and a German doctor professor, art lover save Krichevsky death in 1943, carries it to the German city Kesling. Трішки пізніше to Krichevskogo приїжджає i s donkoyu squad. A little later comes to Krichevsky and his wife and daughter. Ale there on the artist check нові viprobuvannya - by nogo steel писати denunciation одні zvinuvachuvali його scho він - єврей, the second one scho він - Ukrayinsky націоналіст in наслідок чого Федір Grigorovich potrapiv in німецькі застінки Gestapo. But there's an artist expected the new test - it began to write denunciations of some accused him that he - a Jew, and the second that he - Ukrainian nationalist, in consequence, Fyodor zastinky hit the German Gestapo. Great zusil doklav німецький Professor лікар Fergesen щоб in another врятувати zhittya artist. Great effort put German Professor Doctor Fergesen to save the life of the second artist. Krichevsky W retinue Natalia Павлівною виїхали to Відня. Krichevsky and his wife Natalia Pavlovna left for Vienna. Donka Мар'яна W чоловіком, племінником Лесі Українки, виїхали to the United States. Daughter Mary, with her husband, nephew of Lesya Ukrainka left for the United States.
Існують i дані, scho після prorivu front радянськими військами in m. Кеслінг Krichevsky potrapiv have labeti "SMERSH", de probuv Majzhe The Year. There are data that after breaking the front by Soviet troops in Kesling Krichevsky fell into the clutches of "SMERSH", where he stayed for almost a year. Through які нові viprobuvannya torturi ask the artist we do not відомо, Ale fact залишається those scho він grievously ailing in 1946 році zvernuvsya s letter to Uryadov with проханням Dachi йому дозвіл prove to Kyjeva. Through what new torture test, we ask an artist not known, but the fact remains that he is seriously ill in 1946, sent a letter to the government to allow him to return to Kiev. Із спогадів його uchnya - SA Grigor 'Eva, People's Artist of Ukraine відомо: "... Having been discharged in May 1946, I returned to the institute to work. From the memories of his pupil - SA Grigoryev Eve, People's Artist of Ukraine is well known: "... Discharged in May 1946, I returned to the institute to work. Some time later a number of students and staff Krichevsky summoned to the Board of the Union of Artists. After some time a number of students and staff Krichevsky vyzvaly to the Board of the Union of Artists. Secretary of the Union was then SE Secretary of the Union was then SE Rajewski. Rajewski. He read us a letter Krichevsky from Vienna to allow him to return to Kiev. He read us a letter Krichevsky from Vienna to allow him to return to Kiev. Rajewski told us that the Government sought the views of standing close to him artists, and asked us to speak. Rajewski told us that the Government sought the views of standing close to him artists, and asked us to speak. We are all unanimous in stating that he needed, useful arts. We are all unanimous in stating that he needed, useful art.
Nezabarom Krichevsky ta його squad приїхали to Kyjeva. Soon Krichevsky and his wife arrived in Kiev. Ale i in Києві them check тяжкі viprobuvannya. But in Kiev, they waited hardship. Їх flat on Георгіївському provulku number 12 bula zruynovana in наслідок bombarduvannya. Their apartment on the St George's Lane number 12 was destroyed in the bombing. Cottage in селі Shishaki згоріла. Cottage in the village Shishaki burned. Pid hour Pozhezhi згоріло bahato його paintings. During the fire burned down many of his paintings.
Комітет have the right мистецтва допоміг Krichevskim naynyati Zhytlo in Ірпені. Thus літа W 1946 roku in budinku number 1 on вулиці Пролетарської революції in районі Bazaar, becoming zhiti in nashomu місті видатний artist of Ukraine Федір Krichevsky. Committee on the Arts helped Krichevsky hire accommodation in Irpen. Thus, in the summer of 1946, the house number 1 on the streets of the proletarian revolution, in the market, began to live in our city an outstanding artist of Ukraine Fedor Krichevsky.
Vlasnikom цього budinku W 1927 roku bula Вікторова, yak zdala Krichevskim дві кімнати W veranda. The owner of this house since 1927, was Victor who passed Krichevsky two rooms with a veranda. One кімната bula метрів 25, W troma temple вікнами, Svitla, Sonyachna, friend трішки менше. One room was 25 meters, with three tall windows, bright, and the second a little less. Prisadibna ділянка - 45 hectare, on ділянці grew bahato дубів, біля wickets p'yat беріз that old yablunya. Farmland - 45 hectare, the area grew rich oaks, birches near five sacks and an old apple tree. Same here, in the midst Tsikh берізок i stood derev'yany стіл from the bench, for яким often Lyubivaya сидіти artist. It is here, among these birches and stood a wooden table with benches, which are often liked to sit an artist.
Robot Krichevskomu given in Академії архітектури Ukraine, Hoca він хотів prove to Svoge favorite hudozhnogo інституту, Ale його in інститут not allowed. The work of Krichevsky gave at the Academy of Architecture of Ukraine, although he wanted to return to his beloved art institute, but the institute did not allow. Yak згадує S. O. Grigor 'єв: "There were orders and orders to prevent it in the institution, but it was like to associate with us, said" there is an opinion. " Remembers SA Grigoryev EO: "There was no word about the order and avoid it in the institution, but it was as usual with us, said" there is an opinion. " And this opinion refrain depressed him. And this opinion refrain depressed ego.
Conceited Krichevsky i наслідків післявоєнного лихоліття. Krichevsky and I also felt the effects of post-war hard times. In Ірпені 1946-mu not Bulo not elektropostachannya, ni a water main. In Irpen in 1946, there was no electricity or running water. Buli зруйновані of enterprise, приміщення schools, clubs ta поліклініки. Were destroyed by the enterprise, school premises, the club and clinics. Із Protocol Ірпінської сільської for number 8 vid 11 veresnya 1946 pp. (Який znahoditsya in Ірпінському міському архіві) it is possible to judge, scho calm TER not Bulo: "... now the village is becoming more Irpen robbery (armed). From the Protocol Irpen village council number 8 of 11 September 1946 (which is in Irpen municipal archives) can be judged that there was no rest: "... currently in the village is becoming more Irpen Robbery (armed). In connection with it decided to: 1). In connection with it decided to: 1). to 1.H.46g. to 1.H.46g. buy Shotguns for guard protection. buy Shotguns for guard protection. 2). 2). strengthen passport checks. strengthen the verification of the passport regime. 3). 3). warn all homeowners and citizens that the person who took the night without the knowledge of the village council will be drawn to a fine and court otvetstvennosti.4). warn all homeowners and citizens that the person who took the night without the knowledge of the village council will be drawn to a fine and court otvetstvennosti.4). strengthen and carry out systematic checks at night. " strengthen and conducting systematic checks Night ".

Takeo rozporyadzhennya сільради, that trash spoluchennya W Києвом (in 1946r. Електропоїздів not Bulo and їздив to Kyjeva once on Dobou робочий potyag - the freight), prizvelo before scho Федір Grigorovich, якій buv важко sickly, not MAV можливості priymati have a home своїх друзів, які W радістю йому dopomagali. Such order the village council, and poor communication with Kiev (in 1946. Trains were not, and went to Kiev once a day working the train - the freight), led to the fact that Fyodor, who was seriously ill and was unable to host houses of their friends, who gladly helped him. Tom often Krichevsky zalishavsya nochuvati після robot in Києві in Андрійовича Mikhail Kazantsev, Сергія Олексійовича Григор'єва. So often Krichevsky stayed the night after working in Kiev, Mikhail A. Sharonov, Sergei Alekseevich Grigoriev. In its majsternya zaproshuvali його Tetyana Yablonska i, j Serhiy Otroshchenko, i bahato інших. In his studio invited him and Tatiana and Sergey Yablonskaya Otroshchenko, and many others.
Ale важко ailing artist, a yakogo buv shlunku cancer, and пізніше ³ cancer легенів potrebuvav home догляду ta госпіталізації. But seriously ill painter, who had stomach cancer, and later of lung cancer in need of home care and hospitalization. Until 1947 roku березня in Ірпіні not Bulo стаціонарного відділення at поліклініці. Until March 1947 in Irpen no fixed offices in the clinic. W Згідно protocol Ірпінської сільради № 7 vid 18.03.47r. According to the protocol Irpen soviet number 7 of 18.03.47r. існувало doruchennya - "To request the Executive Committee to give an indication to expedite approval of the hospital with 10 beds in Irpen clinic. Якщо Casati відверто then мешканці Ірпеня in 1946 - 1947 Rokach boule позбавлені i звичайних minds санітарного camp. there was order - "seeks the Board to provide guidance to expedite the approval of the hospital with 10 beds in Irpen clinic, frankly speaking, residents of the Irpen in 1946 - 1947 have been deprived of normal conditions and health. In vkazanomu протоколі zaznachalosya: "... 1). In that protocol stated: "... 1). Instruct the Commission to organize the household surveys of households to identify lousiness population and checking the health of households. Near the commission to organize the household surveys of households to identify lousiness population and checking the sanitary condition of yard. 2). 2). Request the Executive Committee of District Council to oblige zav.raykomhozom - a glazed bath, sauna and secure barrels, buckets and lighting equipment. Requests the Executive Committee of the District Soviet oblige zav.raykomhozom - a glazing bans, and to provide a bath barrels, and vedramy osvetitelnimy devices.
That all did not train on zvazhayuchi Vsi трудності hour, невиліковно ailing artist, without підтримки дітей (syn Roman died in передодні війни vid sarcoma, yak vinikla in наслідок blow football m'yachem pid hour gri football donka bula in еміграції) znahodyachis pid постійним visibility from the side of the NKVD - yet I did in Ірпіні створює a number of paintings in addition числі "Holy kolgospnogo harvest", "Khlopchyk запускає змія, rozrobiv серію ескізів to painting" At новобудові, "she Ostannje canvas" Threshing "із серії" Kvity Ukraine ". Картині "Threshing" sudilosya Buti ostannoyu, won bula completed two dni to смерті artist. And yet, despite all the difficulties of time, a terminally ill artist, without the support of children (son Roman died on the eve of the war from the lung resulting from the strike soccer ball during a football game, my daughter was in exile), under the constant supervision of the NKVD - still in Irpen creates a series of paintings including "The Feast of the collective harvest", "boy fly a kite, has developed a series of sketches for the painting" At the new house, and the last painting "Threshing" from the series "Flowers Ukraine". picture "Threshing" was destined to be the last, it was completed two days before his death. Zgoda ця robot bula vistavlena on республіканську Cultural Heritage of Georgia, yak held in Києві. Subsequently, this work was exhibited at the Republican exhibition, held in Kiev. Після смерті Majstr in budinku in Ірпені Leaving School bahato ескізів to нових paintings він buv spovneny is the brainchild of the plans. After the death of the wizard in the house in Irpen still had a lot of new sketches to paintings, he was full of plots and plans.
Buried Krichevskogo duzhe modestly. Buried Krichevsky very modestly. Yak zgaduvav our countryman Boris Піанідо, "... then came the difficult post-war 1947. In the words of our countryman Boris Pianido, "... Then came the difficult post-war 1947. I remember the announcement of his death, appeared in the Kiev Art Institute, teaching in which so much effort and energy he gave FG Krichevsky. I remember the announcement of his death, appeared Yushchenko Art Institute, teaching in which so much effort and energy he gave FG Krichevsky.
Hastily written in white letters on a black background, blended into words, reported the fatal word: "July 30, 1947 painter died Fyodor Krichevsky. Hastily written in white letters on a black background, blended into words, reported the fatal news: "July 30, 1947 painter died Fyodor Krichevsky.
From the window of one of the workshops of the Institute, which I then wrote a diploma now seen as the disciples Theodore G. - EV Volobuev, SB From the window of one of the workshops of the Institute, which I then wrote a diploma now seen as the disciples Fyodor Grigorievich - EV Volobuev, SB Otroshchenko, EN Yablonskaya and others. Otroshchenko, E. N. Yablonskaya and others. 31.07. 31.07. crape knocked his coffin, then transferred into the lobby of the Institute, where he stayed until morning. obivaly lining the coffin of the ego, then transferred into the lobby of the Institute, where he stood until the morning.
Early in the morning on August 1 the coffin was taken to Irpen, where in recent years he lived and died FG Krichevsky. Early in the morning on August 1 in The coffin was taken Irpen, where in recent years he lived and died FG Krichevsky. By two o'clock it in the Art Institute was delivered to the body Fedir to bid farewell to him. The two times of the day there in the Art Institute was delivered to the body of Theodore G. farewell to him. From the courtyard of the Institute enormous funeral procession moved rhythmically through the streets of Kiev to Lukyanovka the cemetery, where the funeral took place and Krichevsky. From the courtyard of the Institute enormous funeral procession moved rhythmically through the streets of Kiev to Lukyanovka cemetery, where the funeral took place and Krichevsky.
Speech was not. Things not. SB SB Otroshchenko tried to say something, but he did not really have anything to say with emotion and grief. Otroshchenko tried, says something that he really could not say anything that's excitement and grief.
Thus closed the book of life Fyodor Krichevsky. Thus closed the book of life of Fyodor Grigorievich Krichevsky. Krichevsky died, but his death has come and his immortality. " Krichevsky died, but his death has come and his immortality. "
Ale School довгі Rocky після смерті znahodilos ім'я Majstr pid harrow. But even many years after his death was the name of the master banned. Навіть coli in 50-s Rokach відкрилась його paintings in the Cultural Heritage of Georgia Київському музеї Ukrayinsky мистецтва, it is not Bulo вернісажу not Bulo articles. Even when the first 50 years opened his exhibition of paintings at the Kiev Museum of Ukrainian Art, it was not opening day, there were no papers. Not Bulo обговорення. There was no discussion. "There is an opinion" Bulo надісланедо vsih редакцій. "There is an opinion" was nadislanedo all editions. Zhodna stattja not bula skipped to Druk. Neither article was omitted in print. That тільки справжнє Mistetstvo, тільки великій геній переживає свій hour! And only a true art, only a great genius is going through your time!
"Theodore Творчість Grigorovich Krichevskogo - tse мудрість great майстрів type, type of художників Renaissance, yak Veronese, Тіціан. "Creativity Theodore G. Krichevsky - is the wisdom of such great masters, such as the Renaissance artists such as Veronese, Titian. Tse Lyudina шаляпінського order - if її talent concrete творіннями осідав have житті. This man shalyapinskogo order - when her talent concrete creations osidav in life. Він buv titanium Svoge hour i bude him for майбутніх поколінь, "- so it seemed the artist В.І. He was a titan of his time and will enable them to future generations "- so says the artist VI Bondarenko vistupayuchi on вечері пам'яті 4 червня 1965 roku. Bondarenko, speaking at an evening of memory 4 June 1965. І so mozhe сказати leather hto hoch times bachiv Kartini F. Krichevskogo. And so can tell everyone who has ever seen pictures of F. Krichevsky.
Bagato School залишилося nez'yasovanogo in ірпінському періоді zhittya masters. Many still outstanding in Irpen period of life master. Ta mi знаємо, scho Same in Ірпені провів останні Rocky Svoge zhittya Федір Krichevsky, завдяки yakomu our Ірпінь in Америці i know, i in Європі, i in Австралії - live there shanuvalniki його talent. But we know that it is in Irpen spent the last years of his life Theodore Krichevsky, through which our Irpen know both in America and Europe, and Australia - live there admirers of his talent.

[Евгений]

Samvel, Samvel for the article on behalf of all Ukrainians thanks.