Interviews Vakulenko (old)

[Allena]

colleagues from the Ukraine must have read this interview two years ago, but just in case, put. Perhaps someone will be interested.

Art savings
Interviewed Xenia PORTNOY

Quality of originals in private hands is very small, cautions novice collectors director of the Kiev Museum of Russian Art Yuri Vakulenko

  

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Pictures profitable to buy any art?

- Artists 70-90-ies of the last century. The cost of their work is growing much faster than the authors of XIX - early XX century. Even seven years ago, the 90 artists in general, not popular, slightly better than quoting the work of the 80's and 70's. But with the advent of the new millennium has been a sharp rise in prices for these paintings.

That is not profitable to invest money in the work of Shishkin and Aivazovsky, and in pictures less famous authors?

- Of course, the nominal price, such as Ivan Aivazovsky, above. But the work of such artists as Leonid Gorobets, Vladimir Sidoruk Joseph Bakshaev grow in value faster. For example, pictures of Sergey Shishko year went up by 200%. Work Aivazovsky could rise in price in the best case by 40%. Average annual inflation in Ukraine in antique paintings (of which more than 50 years) is approximately 20%per year. True, this segment is more stable - any old picture of the year necessarily more expensive.

But the price of modern Ukrainian painting grow faster than the work you mentioned?

- Invest in contemporary works - a very big risk. Should ideally understand the painting or use the services of high level experts. Finding your way around, who is who, is problematic. On the other hand, if there is a sense - you can take a chance. Prices for works by contemporary authors can increase several times.

Is it possible to reduce the risks of buying only the authors represented in the galleries?

- Of course not. Similarly, as untwist voiceless singer, you can move any artist - to hold an exhibition, to arrange a wide PR-campaign. As a result, it will appear in the galleries. But time will put everything in its place.

How do we determine the real value of the paintings and the prospects of their author?

- By investing in art should be approached as seriously as any business. Art - a centuries-old business with its rules, is not always honest. And the wedge it is not so simple. Should be well acquainted with the market: to conduct its analysis in terms of expertise, retail outlets, to find out who to trust and who - no. That is, casting a net as widely as possible. Consult your gallery with a good reputation. Famous gallery owners closely monitor prospective authors and may give useful advice.

By what criteria should be selected gallery-adviser?

- How long does it work and how often satisfied with the exhibition. A good gallery should exist at least five years and hold at least one share in two months.

How to cheat novice collectors?

- Sometimes buying the entire collection of the artist and began his PR man-vzvinchivaya prices. Operate on the principle: Tell the man a hundred times "pig" - he grunted.

Shoved a copy instead of the original. Buy this job, make a copy of it, and expert opinion. If a person is uneducated in such matters, then he will take a photocopy of the full opinion of the expert.

How much are copies of paintings?

- Modern copy costs from $ 100 to $ 1 thousand They provide students of art schools, restorers and artists.

Artists repaint their pictures?

- No, each other. Concept of author's copies do not exist, there is the concept of copyright repetition. As a creator or would like to repeat his picture - one in one fail, it contradicts the very essence of the artist. If, of course, he is a true artist, not the copyist. Used to be professional copyist, who knew the situation on who and how to copy. Aivazovsky, Shishkin, Levitan and copied during his lifetime. Now, 100 years later, those copies can cost quite expensive. For example, copies of paintings Shishkin performed Tolkachevskogo - $ 8-10 thousand

With what amount it makes sense to start investing in the picture?

- You can start and from $ 100.

But that money can buy except that now with your hands on Andreevskom ...

- Even Andreevskom can find a good thing.

Yes, but whether it will be good in terms of future income?

- How lucky. For up to $ 2 thousand to buy works by unknown artists 80-90-ies and the authors of recent years. Paintings by famous artists, for example, Leonid Gorobets or Vera Tsvetkova, worth an average of $ 5-8 thousand most untwisted wizard who worked up to 70 years of the last century, such as Sergei buds and Nicholas Glushchenko, will cost $ 20-25 thousand work. This picture Shishko five years ago you could buy for $ 100-200. You just need to have a good nose.

You name the only Ukrainian artists - Russian and foreign in Ukraine are hard to find?

- We have a very bad buy foreign art. The exception is perhaps that the Russian masters, partly because of their high cost. For example, Shishkin and Aivazovsky paintings are sold in Ukraine at $ 500-700 thousand Abroad work of these artists are cheaper. And this is normal. In all countries better take pictures of their authors. Ukrainian authors in the world's auction also bought mainly by our compatriots.

What is the reason?

- In human psychology and mentality of the nation. For example, many Japanese people collect paintings by European authors. They faithfully observe their traditions, but they need a flow of something else. Europeans tend to prefer their artists - they are just more conservative. Slavs more conservative - do not want to make the house something alien, apparently, do not receive the energy recharge.

On foreign auctions and in the salons of Ukrainian artists still represented?

- Until very sparingly. But our collectors have begun to draw the attention of managers of foreign auctions. I recently had talks with representatives of Christie's, who came specially to find out the needs of Ukrainian collectors. This suggests that the Ukrainians have already bought a lot. Russians, of course, more. But the money for their market revolves more.

What is the annual turnover of the Ukrainian market?

- I think we can safely say that our market's annual turnover exceeds $ 10 million average annual vytorg Ukrainian auctions (five of them in Ukraine) - from $ 500 thousand to $ 3.5 million but objectively evaluate the market size is impossible. If someone would not name specific figures, the assessment will be very subjective. For example, if a Ukrainian buys now at Sotheby's or Christie's, Ukraine lose the money or acquire? After all, money remains abroad, but the picture is brought into our country, where he will grow in value.

How is the price of painting?

- The price is formed as a joke: "How much is two plus two? - And we buy or sell? "The only more or less objective Institute of pricing in the world - auctions. Everything is built on a concrete fact: for how much this or that painting was sold by a specific author. But all is not so clear. An example. At one auction the work of Vladimir Sydoruk was sold for almost $ 100 thousand, on the other - neither one of his painting is not purchased. The question arises: whether it was properly defined value of the work of this artist?

What factors influence the cost of painting?

- There are many: the name of the author, the state of the picture, its size, technology implementation, creation time, etc. It is very important so-called degree of certainty. Works of a high degree of certainty (the paintings in good condition, made in the framework of this genre author whose authenticity is beyond doubt) in the private hands of very few. Museums for a long time, all products were adsorbed on the territory of our country. But gradually the well-known works is more due to the large influx of paintings from the West.

In museums you can buy now?

- It is strictly forbidden and virtually impossible, because the sole responsibility for the collection none of the staff of the museum there. Museums are working more on the Soviet accounting system, which does not get through. Agree almost impossible - too big a chain of collective control.

Is it a picture, bought in Ukraine, to sell abroad?

- No. Of Ukrainian artists are more expensive here than abroad. The domestic market became more competitive. Contact scheme appropriately: you can buy Ukrainian author of Sotheby's and sold here more.

But Russian and foreign scholars abroad to buy unprofitable. Shishkin, for example, the leading auction will cost from $ 1 million, we have - twice as cheap.

Fakes are sold at auctions?

- Auctions make every effort to ensure that tampering has not got at auction. But I think there are fakes. Art forgery is behind the original half-step: as soon as a promising artist, he begin to forge.

How can we distinguish the original from a fake?

- We must turn to the professionals. Expertise - a complex, painstaking process. And buyers - the victims of stereotypes: it is written "Shishkin" - means Shishkin. Difficult to prove otherwise. Even in the Law "On copyright ..." is the concept of "presumption of authorship." Not yet proven that it is not Shishkin - it Shishkin.

Professionals among experts in Ukraine much?

- Expert - a specialist opinion which rely on specific people. If you do not trust - means, not an expert. He can hang round with diplomas and medals, but the expert will not. Expert, like a good doctor - "changes hands". We have such specialists on painting about ten people.

How much are their services?

- In Ukraine from $ 50 to $ 1 thousand, depending on the complexity of work. $ 1 thousand could cost a complicated examination of the involvement of several specialists, when using X-ray, carried out chemical analysis and so on. Compared with the cost of actual work - a penny. In Moscow, exactly the same assessment would cost from $ 500 to $ 10 thousand

What is expertise?

- The story is studied in ultraviolet light. It identifies various types of inserts and additions, later intervention. Thus, for example, you can check the authenticity of the signature.

Microscopic examination shows the corresponding signature colorful underlying layer. As far as the paint dried and the application time.

The most objective method - X-ray. It features a unique cut-picture track. Splits a picture of the layers of paint. You can track the individual style of the artist and with a sufficient degree of probability to determine the authenticity of the paintings. After forger imitates the outer form. Recreate the internal structure of the letter is extremely difficult.

By the way, your museum figured in several scandals involving counterfeit paintings. The daughter of one of the artists, Tatiana Yablonska, Gayane Atayan, accused the museum and gallery "Print in that forgery of works were exhibited her mother. The conflict was resolved?

- Gayane appealed to the Supreme Court, after earlier courts denied her in the lawsuit. Forensic experts were unable to prove that the pictures were not Tatiana Yablonska. Court, we won.


That is, at the exhibition were exhibited paintings Yablonska?

- Tetyana this show did not. And it is the only person who could say - it is working or not. I studied painting. Written about 600 works, and honestly confess, without thinking I do not remember them all. And especially not identified, not seeing them.

I believe that the "case Yablonska" nothing but a black PR. Judge for yourself: our museum is only provided space for the gallery "Estamp", organizer of the exhibition. But the claim was addressed to us - this is steeper than the unknown to the public gallery.

Your museum has also been implicated in the scandal over the sale at auction "Golden Section" allegedly forged paintings Alexander Maksimenko "Winter" ...

- We examine the painting. His daughter, Galina Maksimenko, decided that to sell the painting was a fake, because the work went to auction for a very low, in her view, the price ($ 4,6 thousand - Comm. Contracts). And, they say, the signature is made in blue ink, which her father never did. But we have raised the catalog of his paintings - for every third job is a blue sign.