Cultural Exhibition Center "Rostov"
Pereslavl-Zaleski State
Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve
February 2, 2012 exhibition at the memory Moscow artist Valentina Mikhailovna Diffine Christi (1918-2010)
Pupil Gerasimov, bright representative of the Moscow School of Painting, Diffine Christi was formed as an artist even in the prewar years. During the creative period, she was strongly influenced by her husband, Yevgeny Diffine which the same Gerasimov described as the "main korovinista", continuing the traditions of the great Russian artist Konstantin Korovin. Unfortunately, the early death of the evacuation in Samarkand interrupted his brilliant but short career.
After long searching, to the 60s of last century Diffine Christi is a unique and well-recognized style: light, airy, as it dissolves into a fantastic mirage, and almost absorbing subject outlines.
The exhibition presents the work of this fruitful period of creativity and brilliant artist in genres such as landscape, still life and memory portret.Pervaya exhibition held in Moscow in April 2011. The second was held in Veliky Novgorod in August 2011.
Address:
Yaroslavl region, Pereslavl,
str. Rostov, 10
Opening hours from 10.00 do17.00, off - Tuesday, Wednesday
tel. 8-48535-3-24-94
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article on the life and works of Moscow artist V. Diffine Christi:
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Let there be light!
Moscow artist - Valentina Diffine Christi belongs to a generation of artists, whose path to the art began in the early postwar years. Studying at the School of Memory 1905 from 1936 to 1938 played a decisive role in shaping her as an artist. There she met with the student-artist Eugene Diffine, a person is truly legendary and fateful in her life. He was extremely bright talent is revealed in those years. Work, to show them on the student's exhibition in 1938, were highly appreciated by the leading painters of the time. Suffice it to say that Sergei Gerasimov took it out of the School of the Surikov Institute, to his workshop, and exams for it was essentially a formality.
The family was not Diffine artists, but the atmosphere at home was such that a family friend was K.Yuon, and in his youth received lessons from Eugene L.Turzhanskogo. At that time, according to the memoirs of Valentina Mikhailovna, his idol was I.V.Surikov, he also experienced a great influence P.Konchalovsky painting. His father was a Frenchman. And the "Russian-French" culture brilliantly embodied in the works E.Diffine. He wrote only from nature - it was setting, genre works, landscapes and portraits. Wanderers took on Eugene academically well thought-figure accuracy, reasonableness of track and devoid of the Table of Ranks democratic choice of the motif - are working, "Shed", 1940, "Belarussian village," 1939: "Shoemakers, artisans," 1939. Brush stroke, just getting to the right place, combined with a phenomenal gift colorist did his work revelations painting. Creativity E. Diffine the end of their studies at the School has evolved towards the achievements of plein air painting, which were the founders of the French Impressionists. By the power of his talent was compared to K.Korovin, and it was for Eugene and Valentina's favorite artist.
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Valentina said that her early work written entirely under the influence of painting E.Diffine. However, under the spell of his works were almost all those who surrounded him. Moreover, his influence has experienced several generations of the Surikov Institute. E.Bragovsky artist who studied in the late 1940s - early 1950s, recalled: "The students work under the influence of Diffine diffinirovali-all."
In 1938, Eugene and Valentine were married. They were young, talented and sincere. Their feelings for each other was such that it was possible for them to say that the inhalation and exhalation are performed simultaneously. Often, such a brightness sensation quickly goes bust, leaving only the bitterness of disappointment. But in this case it was different.
However, this idyll powerfully invaded the Great Patriotic War.
Young Diffine with his little son, named in honor of the beloved artist Constantine, were in Samarkand, which had been evacuated students and teachers of the Surikov Institute. Eugene wrote sketches from nature: the sun shining south, sanctifying the turquoise domes of ancient mosques, gardens in bloom, all happy and delights the eye. In real life this was a very harsh way: in the living conditions there were no basic amenities and livelihood have been minimal. In the evacuation of his life in the arts in the degree of tension was the second front for Eugene. He began work on the painting "The wounded partisans" in 1942, H., M. 206h300. And today, in peacetime, the picture in this format requires a special effort from the artist, but what it cost to write it in the evacuation? He worked as a hungry, almost faint. Required young body meager calories were given to creativity - perhaps it was one of the reasons for the tragedy which took place shortly. 28-year-old, not graduated from high school, died of typhus a brilliant artist - Eugene Diffine.
The death of man in the prime of life, always causes the same thought, "Why, O Lord." Even in heavy conditions the evacuation of almost all the students returned to Moscow. It seems that such a fate should comprehend as a punishment for sin. But here it's different: love one another as spouses Romeo and Juliet, the purity of the mind, selfless service to the arts. My observations of these situations led to the conclusion that sometimes life does not deny the sin, but for the fact that the relationship is perfect in paradise, on earth as it can not be by definition, our first parents, Adam and Eve for the Fall from Eden were expelled. The question "Why?" Is essentially impossible to find an answer. And it remains only to inquire, "What for, my Lord."
About Valentina Mikhailovna can say that when her husband died, she stayed not a widow, and still the wife of the artist. To her he was invisibly present all her life. She lived for 94 years, of which 70 years without her beloved husband.
I was able to trace the lives of four couples, Diffine generation, where the affection, the spiritual unity of people have been unprecedented, but one of them died prematurely. After retiring from the life of one of them, the other had a shock, not knowing how to go on living. As a result, in all cases, the remainder lived more than 90 years that, but it was always because of what the other did not have time. One of these pairs was a teacher at the School of Memory 1905 AN Chirkov, who has studied E. Diffine, and his wife. He also worked furiously, and died in 1946, young, full of unrealized ideas, without having the life of the exhibition. The widow kept his dream to work with them to show to the audience. The exhibition was delayed for years, and finally opened, when she was already over 90. It was the happiest day of her life. Soon after she died.
After retiring from life E.Diffine, Valentina for some time lived in the evacuation of a young son. As she picked up the brush after the death of her husband can only guess: painting for her, and was sharp, compressing the heart recall it, and at the same time consolation. In 1943 she, along with the Institute returned to Moscow and continued his studies at the institute.
Began a peaceful life, and in 1946 graduated from the Surikov Valentina Institute. Suffice it to mention that she lived in a communal apartment in the family-father M.Kristi Professor Bauman Institute, where together with other family members, there were 8 people. Workshop, of course, was not. Officially, no one institution it was listed, and therefore never received a salary, but worked as hard power of painting. Worked as a war, without weekends and holidays.
Self-Portrait of Valentina Mikhailovna 1954 accurately reflects its status in those years. She wrote with a black velvet in her hair, dressed in a dress of a noble dark-gray-brown scales, as a reminder of irreparable loss. White-collar like a schoolgirl on her dress, gives a touching chastity over her appearance. A quick glance at this portrait is enough to understand that it is no longer married. In contrast to the overall dark palette painting stands a bright spot - the face of the artist. The turn of her head, posture gives it human dignity reflected the blow of fate. Her self-portrait - a collective image of the Russian-Soviet intelligentsia, its best representatives, who bore the brunt of the war, and winning. He is now regarded as classics, it is worthy of the Tretyakov Gallery, where the sense of tradition V.Serov, N.Kramskogo. I should add, Valentina in those years was not a member of the Union.
The road to the art was not easy for her. Its emergence as a mature master happened during the hard dictates of public policy in the art, which demanded from the artists realism, but not simple, and socialist. With his work the artist was constantly manifest achievements of the country of the Soviets. Of course, they were great. But art has its own inherent laws, can not be reduced to a primitive thanking held the power. If the landscape was being written, it was better to represent the field, preferably with a collective working on it with tractors, combines, well spelled out, as in color photography. In the transmission of light and color was not to be traced the influence of Impressionist paintings: they were banned as representatives of the decaying capitalist west. For Valentinay Mikhailovna it mean to betray someone who was more to it all. But is it in its power? She was accused of formalism, and even expelled from the institute, but eventually recovered.
In 1957 she became a member of the Moscow branch of the Union of Artists.
Confessing his principles in art, Valentina did not reject the artistic life of Moscow Union of trying, without entering into conflict with its principles, as far as possible, to fit into it. She takes orders in the plant, Leniniana writes: In one of her work is so recognizable Lenin in his famous cap, and the whole composition is done in bright, as the flag of revolution range. She wrote as a civil war, with the favorite folk hero Chapaev. Traveled on the collective farm fields, has written a wonderful job, "Potato." In 1965 she became a member of the so-called "Commission for the industry," led by a wonderful artist P.Ya.Anurin. It honestly goes to the factories, the workers wrote. These themes fit perfectly well in her paintings. However, the publication is preserved: it is again criticized for formalism, for not penetrating the image of the working man. Maybe she just did not have enough detachment: penetration is required where there is something very differing from yourself, but it is a hard worker as a worker, only the shop they are different.
The artist travels a lot around the country: the Caucasus, the Crimea, the ancient Russian city, and, of course, his native Moscow. It communicates with the painters E.K.Bragovskim, N.Lyubimovoy, A.A.Tutunovym, V.S.Kukolem, A. Chistyakov, VK Nechitailo, M.V.Savchenkovoy, and they love to take this friendship.
By the end of 1950 E.Diffine influence can clearly be seen in her work. Paintings of its full-scale, easily recognizable from the topography of the place, you can always clearly feel that a specific point at which he wrote. Painting it is enough cabinet, full of color and light. But by the early 1960s, her work is changing. It goes from the line of painting Diffine in the direction of lightening range. Objects of art like losing weight and volume, fade out the shadows, as if in her paintings leave the morning, evening, and there is the polar day, with its almost not touching the sun. Increases the flatness of her works, they can be defined as more than decorative, was influenced by ancient frescoes and icons, where the flesh is imponderable, incorruptible.
With Bragovskim and Lyubimova they often traveled to the studies, wrote the same motives. But where have Bragovskogo rich ultra-marine, it will dominate the shades of blue. Since the 1960s, observed another trend: the work in the compositions of the point at which one can see the world as if it starts to break away from the earth's surface, the height of it from year to year more and more. First - a little taller than a man, then a bird's eye, still later, as if from an airplane, all the climbs. Her recent landscapes become increasingly supramundane nature, they are written from the world of space exploration of her soul.
Despite the dissimilarity of its work after the 1950s with the work Diffine, it essentially has continued to practice its principles: Valentina said she had nothing to invent. And the world of art - a world of apparent reality of it. About his work the artist - the stories of her sister - Eugenie Mikhailovna, - she said that "in painting there is no circuit." Boundaries and objects are defined only spots of color combination of colorful objects of painting. And the relations between them are very accurate, and we need a special effort to ever see how the colors blend in the entire composition together. While working, it should not accidental or invented color. She said that it took away much stress, and during the work she was very tired. She admitted that sometimes it is for this reason lost the vision, and then, as she expressed it, "anointed" to paint on canvas. Such work is considered a failure. But those in which she was able to perform all assigned tasks in front of paintings, such as "Kuskovo. Groth Argunova eighteenth century, "shine, shimmer, like the earthly paradise from which we have driven, but that we are given only to admire the artist's works.
In the most recent period in her life she enjoyed only a whitewash, only slightly diluting them with other colors for a subtle shade of "Kuskovo.Zima." 1980. "House in Gorohovkom Lane." In 1987.
Again, it is emphasized in a conversation with their friends, that it is not dreams, and really sees the world. This is logical: how bright the man himself, so he voprinimaet light and peace.
Eugenia wrote on Diffine N.Kristi: "Creativity for it was the intent and content of life. A perfect world where credibility and sincerity of open doors of eternal truths. "
Valentina lives a long life as if for two. What is the truth, she had to understand? Let's try to answer. She speaks of himself as a realist, not making this up. But what kind of realities that may cause an inexperienced viewer wonder why he sees it differently? Let me confidence to say that the paintings of Valentina Mikhailovna has evolved in the direction of biblical realism. Perhaps because she was not formulated. The space - time in her work was pushed to the days of creation, that is, turned into eternity. The Lord gives an estimate of created things: "And God saw that it was good." And the white color, which leads to the logic of her paintings - the first day of creation - Let there be light.
Recent work Valence Mikhailovna very far from work E.Diffine. But it can not betray. However, it is unknown how and in what way would have developed his painting, he lived a long life.
Each of the age periods of the artist lived for an unusually honest, no one pretending to be, meant it to others, and most importantly ourselves. Work "at the easel." In 1987. H., m 77h65, on the merits of her self-portrait, but now, in contrast to the far in 1954 - is barely discernible white figure in space. And maybe this is not a figure, and the image of her soul.
The last period of the artist's life the most closed to others was the most intriguing. The words "Loyalty" and "faith" cognate. Living memory of her husband, and obviously having some sort of closed to other contact with him, she could not come to faith. It is increasingly divorced from earthly concerns and interests, and it unwittingly reflected in her work. And the flight of the spirit was in her last painting reality in which absolutely no infirmities of age, and was an absolute honesty to themselves and others, an extraordinary will. She was given, in contrast to E.Diffine very smoothly make the transition into the world of which we know nothing. She lived to the point where, as in the full clarity of mind, she lost interest in painting. There was such a powerful soul-searching that one day she even said that all his life engaged in this nonsense. But it is still very appreciated her husband's work.
Most likely, such a harsh self-assessment included in order to give it a rest. It has fulfilled its task: to praise worthy of God's creation. And staying in the earthly existence, it has already lived in the world, visible spiritual eyes. Anything without being distracted she had to protect its forces for the final, decisive move ... and she passed away at the age of the patriarchs, leaving us his paintings, his life principles. Her work is so versatile, we have yet to comprehend. Her path is over, and the young in the art of the road is just beginning, and contact with the work V.M.Diffine Christi for some of them may become a blessing. I would like to wish all the young and mature artists and those who are indifferent to art, to be worthy receivers of the pulses that bequeathed by the artist and her painting.
Helen Lisenkova
Последний раз редактировалось I-V; 08.02.2012 в 22:45.
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02.02.2012, 10:55
Diffine Christi Exhibition in Pereslavl
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